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PMID: 7854253 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Review

Chloroplast ribosomes and protein synthesis.

Microbiological reviews ·Vol. 58 ·No. 4 ·1994-12-00 ·Pages 700-54

Harris EH, Boynton JE, Gillham NW

Abstract

Consistent with their postulated origin from endosymbiotic cyanobacteria, chloroplasts of plants and algae have ribosomes whose component RNAs and proteins are strikingly similar to those of eubacteria. Comparison of the secondary structures of 16S rRNAs of chloroplasts and bacteria has been particularly useful in identifying highly conserved regions likely to have essential functions. Comparative analysis of ribosomal protein sequences may likewise prove valuable in determining their roles in protein synthesis. This review is concerned primarily with the RNAs and proteins that constitute the chloroplast ribosome, the genes that encode these components, and their expression. It begins with an overview of chloroplast genome structure in land plants and algae and then presents a brief comparison of chloroplast and prokaryotic protein-synthesizing systems and a more detailed analysis of chloroplast rRNAs and ribosomal proteins. A description of the synthesis and assembly of chloroplast ribosomes follows. The review concludes with discussion of whether chloroplast protein synthesis is essential for cell survival.

MeSH Terms
Base Sequence Chloroplasts/genetics,metabolism Eukaryota Molecular Sequence Data Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational Plant Proteins/biosynthesis Plants Protein Biosynthesis RNA, Ribosomal/genetics Ribosomal Proteins/genetics Ribosomes/genetics
Chemicals
Plant Proteins RNA, Ribosomal Ribosomal Proteins
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Harris E H
DCMB Group, Department of Botany, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-1000.
Boynton J E
Gillham N W
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Article Info
Journal
Microbiological reviews
Abbr.
Microbiol Rev
ISSN
0146-0749
DOI
10.1128/mr.58.4.700-754.1994
Published
1994-12-00
Pages
700-54
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7806086
PMCID
PMC372988
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM-19427 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/mr.58.4.700-754.1994 PMC Full Text
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