Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 3860809 Published · ppublish English Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Domains in viroids: evidence of intermolecular RNA rearrangements and their contribution to viroid evolution.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 82 ·No. 14 ·1985-07-00 ·Pages 4582-6

Keese P, Symons RH

Abstract

On the basis of sequence homology a model is proposed for five structural and functional domains in viroids. These domains include (i) a conserved central region capable of forming two alternative structures that may regulate two phases of the viroid replication cycle, (ii) a region associated with pathogenicity, (iii) a domain with high sequence variability, (iv and v) two terminal domains that are interchangeable between viroids. That the evolution of viroids has involved RNA rearrangements of domains is supported by the partial duplication of coconut cadang cadang viroid, which arises de novo during each infection. Similar RNA rearrangements have been established for animal viral defective interfering RNAs, which arise by some form of discontinuous transcription. This mechanism could account for the origin of viroids and also RNA viruses, whereby modules of genetic information may have undergone repeated exchange between RNA pathogens and the RNA of their hosts.

MeSH Terms
Base Sequence Biological Evolution Nucleic Acid Conformation RNA Viruses/genetics RNA, Viral/genetics Species Specificity Transcription, Genetic Viroids/genetics
Chemicals
RNA, Viral
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Keese P
Symons R H
References (31)
31 references, click to expand
  1. Longer-than-unit-length viroid minus strands are present in RNA from infected plants.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Oct;78(10):6381-5 PMID: 16593104
  2. Viroid replication: equilibrium association constant and comparative activity measurements for the viroid-polymerase interaction.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Aug 10;12(15):6231-46 PMID: 6473106
  3. Does the higher order structure of the influenza virus ribonucleoprotein guide sequence rearrangements in influenza viral RNA?
    Cell. 1983 Sep;34(2):619-27 PMID: 6616623
  4. A sensitive method for the detection and isolation of recombinants of foot-and-mouth disease virus.
    J Gen Virol. 1981 Apr;53(Pt 2):333-42 PMID: 6267181
  5. Eleven new sequence variants of citrus exocortis viroid and the correlation of sequence with pathogenicity.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Apr 25;13(8):2907-20 PMID: 2582367
  6. Avocado sunblotch viroid: primary sequence and proposed secondary structure.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Dec 11;9(23):6527-37 PMID: 7322921
  7. Nucleotide sequence of cucumber pale fruit viroid: homology to hop stunt viroid.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Apr 25;12(8):3427-34 PMID: 6328420
  8. A theory of modular evolution for bacteriophages.
    Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1980;354:484-90 PMID: 6452848
  9. RNA intermediates in potato spindle tuber viroid replication.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Jan;79(1):113-7 PMID: 16593138
  10. Citrus exocortis viroid: nucleotide sequence and secondary structure of an Australian isolate.
    FEBS Lett. 1982 Jan 25;137(2):288-92 PMID: 15768484
  11. RNAs from two independently isolated defective interfering particles of Sindbis virus contain a cellular tRNA sequence at their 5' ends.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jun;80(11):3279-83 PMID: 6304704
  12. A severe and a mild potato spindle tuber viroid isolate differ in three nucleotide exchanges only.
    Biosci Rep. 1981 Mar;1(3):235-41 PMID: 6271277
  13. A "bulged" double helix in a RNA-protein contact site.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Dec;78(12):7331-5 PMID: 7038676
  14. Chrysanthemum stunt viroid: primary sequence and secondary structure.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Jun 25;9(12):2741-52 PMID: 7279660
  15. Nucleotide sequence and secondary structure of citrus exocortis and chrysanthemum stunt viroid.
    Eur J Biochem. 1982 Jan;121(2):249-57 PMID: 7060550
  16. Comparative sequence and structure of viroid-like RNAs of two plant viruses.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Jun 25;10(12):3681-91 PMID: 7111020
  17. Circularization of linear viroid RNA via 2'-phosphomonoester, 3', 5'-phosphodiester bonds by a novel type of RNA ligase from wheat germ and Chlamydomonas.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Dec 11;10(23):7521-9 PMID: 6760127
  18. Self-splicing RNA: autoexcision and autocyclization of the ribosomal RNA intervening sequence of Tetrahymena.
    Cell. 1982 Nov;31(1):147-57 PMID: 6297745
  19. Apparent discontinuous transcription of Trypanosoma brucei variant surface antigen genes.
    Nature. 1984 Sep 27-Oct 3;311(5984):350-5 PMID: 6090933
  20. Hop stunt viroid: molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the complete cDNA copy.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Sep 24;11(18):6185-97 PMID: 6312412
  21. A replication cycle for viroids and other small infectious RNA's.
    Science. 1984 Feb 3;223(4635):450-5 PMID: 6197756
  22. Structure and structure formation of viroids.
    J Mol Biol. 1979 Sep 5;133(1):85-115 PMID: 529284
  23. Nucleotide sequence and secondary structure of potato spindle tuber viroid.
    Nature. 1978 May 18;273(5659):203-8 PMID: 643081
  24. U1 RNA-protein complex preferentially binds to both 5' and 3' splice junction sequences in RNA or single-stranded DNA.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Oct;81(20):6281-5 PMID: 6208548
  25. Double-stranded cDNAs of hop stunt viroid are infectious.
    J Biochem. 1984 May;95(5):1521-4 PMID: 6086604
  26. Intertypic recombination in poliovirus: genetic and biochemical studies.
    Virology. 1983 Jan 15;124(1):121-32 PMID: 6297149
  27. Striking similarities in amino acid sequence among nonstructural proteins encoded by RNA viruses that have dissimilar genomic organization.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jul;81(14):4358-62 PMID: 6611550
  28. Construction of infectious potato spindle tuber viroid cDNA clones.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Oct 11;11(19):6821-35 PMID: 6314259
  29. Structural similarities between viroids and transposable genetic elements.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Oct;80(20):6234-8 PMID: 6312450
  30. Cloned single- and double-stranded DNA copies of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) RNA and co-inoculated subgenomic DNA fragments are infectious.
    EMBO J. 1984 Dec 20;3(13):3055-62 PMID: 6549294
  31. Viroids.
    Adv Virus Res. 1983;28:241-83 PMID: 6362366
Article Info
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Abbr.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
ISSN
0027-8424
DOI
10.1073/pnas.82.14.4582
Published
1985-07-00
Pages
4582-6
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7505876
PMCID
PMC390429
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.82.14.4582 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2