Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 1565617 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Thymidine kinase transcription is regulated at G1/S phase by a complex that contains retinoblastoma-like protein and a cdc2 kinase.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 89 ·No. 8 ·1992-04-15 ·Pages 3256-60

Dou QP, Markell PJ, Pardee AB

Abstract

Transcription of the murine thymidine kinase gene, which is coregulated with the G1/S phase transition, is activated by changing the binding of protein complexes Yi1 and Yi2 to three upstream DNA motifs. Yi1 is replaced by Yi2 shortly before S phase. Yi1 contains a protein of 110 kDa that binds to the DNA motif sites and may be an underphosphorylated murine retinoblastoma protein, shown by its molecular mass, timing of its activity, and antibody recognition. An H1 kinase related to cdc2 cofractionates with both complexes. We propose that this kinase phosphorylates the murine retinoblastoma protein, releasing transcriptional inhibitions by Yi1 and permitting cell cycle progression. These results provide a cycle-related molecular target for such complexes. They are based on investigations of cycle control in uninfected cells. The Yi complexes are similar but not identical to complexes that include a cellular protein, E2F, that was originally found to bind to adenovirus DNA.

MeSH Terms
Animals CDC2 Protein Kinase/isolation & purification,metabolism Cell Line Cell Nucleus/physiology DNA-Binding Proteins/isolation & purification,metabolism G1 Phase/physiology Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic Humans Immunoblotting Macromolecular Substances Mice Oligodeoxyribonucleotides Retinoblastoma Protein/isolation & purification,metabolism S Phase/physiology Thymidine Kinase/genetics Transcription, Genetic
Chemicals
DNA-Binding Proteins Macromolecular Substances Oligodeoxyribonucleotides Retinoblastoma Protein Thymidine Kinase CDC2 Protein Kinase
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Dou Q P
Division of Cell Growth and Regulation, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115.
Markell P J
Pardee A B
References (32)
32 references, click to expand
  1. The E2F transcription factor is a cellular target for the RB protein.
    Cell. 1991 Jun 14;65(6):1053-61 PMID: 1828392
  2. Evidence that the G1-S and G2-M transitions are controlled by different cdc2 proteins in higher eukaryotes.
    Cell. 1991 Aug 23;66(4):731-42 PMID: 1652371
  3. Retinoblastoma. A transcriptional tryst.
    Nature. 1991 Jul 18;352(6332):189-90 PMID: 1857408
  4. Inducible proteins binding to the murine thymidine kinase promoter in late G1/S phase.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Feb 15;88(4):1157-61 PMID: 1996317
  5. Growth-responsive expression from the murine thymidine kinase promoter: genetic analysis of DNA sequences.
    Cell Growth Differ. 1991 Feb;2(2):67-76 PMID: 2069870
  6. Transformed and nontransformed cells differ in stability and cell cycle regulation of a binding activity to the murine thymidine kinase promoter.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Dec;87(23):9310-4 PMID: 2251273
  7. In vitro phosphorylation of the tumor suppressor gene RB protein by mitosis-specific histone H1 kinase.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Oct 16;164(1):580-6 PMID: 2553023
  8. RB and the cell cycle: entrance or exit?
    Cell. 1989 Sep 22;58(6):1009-11 PMID: 2673538
  9. The retinoblastoma protein is phosphorylated during specific phases of the cell cycle.
    Cell. 1989 Sep 22;58(6):1097-105 PMID: 2673543
  10. G1 events and regulation of cell proliferation.
    Science. 1989 Nov 3;246(4930):603-8 PMID: 2683075
  11. Nuclear posttranscriptional processing of thymidine kinase mRNA at the onset of DNA synthesis.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(13):4705-9 PMID: 2898781
  12. Developmental control of a promoter-specific factor that is also regulated by the E1A gene product.
    Cell. 1987 Feb 13;48(3):501-6 PMID: 2948654
  13. Two promoter-specific host factors interact with adjacent sequences in an EIA-inducible adenovirus promoter.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Sep;84(17):6112-6 PMID: 3476933
  14. Complementation used to clone a human homologue of the fission yeast cell cycle control gene cdc2.
    Nature. 1987 May 7-13;327(6117):31-5 PMID: 3553962
  15. Accurate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II in a soluble extract from isolated mammalian nuclei.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Mar 11;11(5):1475-89 PMID: 6828386
  16. Cycles within cycles.
    Curr Biol. 1991 Oct;1(5):281-3 PMID: 15336097
  17. A cyclin A-protein kinase complex possesses sequence-specific DNA binding activity: p33cdk2 is a component of the E2F-cyclin A complex.
    Cell. 1992 Jan 10;68(1):167-76 PMID: 1310073
  18. Isolation of the human cdk2 gene that encodes the cyclin A- and adenovirus E1A-associated p33 kinase.
    Nature. 1991 Sep 12;353(6340):174-7 PMID: 1653904
  19. Cell cycle regulation of the E2F transcription factor involves an interaction with cyclin A.
    Cell. 1991 Jun 28;65(7):1243-53 PMID: 1829647
  20. Cyclins and cancer.
    Cell. 1991 Sep 20;66(6):1071-4 PMID: 1833062
  21. Retinoblastoma cancer suppressor gene product is a substrate of the cell cycle regulator cdc2 kinase.
    EMBO J. 1991 Apr;10(4):857-64 PMID: 2009861
  22. Direct activation of cdc2 with phosphatase: identification of p13suc1-sensitive and insensitive steps.
    FEBS Lett. 1990 Jun 18;266(1-2):4-8 PMID: 2163887
  23. Cell cycle-dependent regulation of phosphorylation of the human retinoblastoma gene product.
    Science. 1989 Dec 8;246(4935):1300-3 PMID: 2588006
  24. The product of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene has properties of a cell cycle regulatory element.
    Cell. 1989 Sep 22;58(6):1085-95 PMID: 2673542
  25. Phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma gene product is modulated during the cell cycle and cellular differentiation.
    Cell. 1989 Sep 22;58(6):1193-8 PMID: 2673546
  26. Identification of a cellular transcription factor involved in E1A trans-activation.
    Cell. 1986 Apr 25;45(2):219-28 PMID: 2938741
  27. Use of a protein-blotting procedure and a specific DNA probe to identify nuclear proteins that recognize the promoter region of the transferrin receptor gene.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Oct;82(20):6741-4 PMID: 2995982
  28. Equilibria and kinetics of lac repressor-operator interactions by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Dec 11;9(23):6505-25 PMID: 6275366
  29. Citric acid arrest and stabilization of nucleoside incorporation into cultured cells.
    Anal Biochem. 1980 Jan 1;101(1):221-4 PMID: 7188840
  30. The transcription factor E2F interacts with the retinoblastoma product and a p107-cyclin A complex in a cell cycle-regulated manner.
    Cell. 1992 Jan 10;68(1):157-66 PMID: 1531040
  31. Cyclins: wheels within wheels.
    Cell Growth Differ. 1991 Jun;2(6):305-10 PMID: 1648379
  32. Cyclin A and the retinoblastoma gene product complex with a common transcription factor.
    Nature. 1991 Jul 18;352(6332):249-51 PMID: 1830372
Article Info
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Abbr.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
ISSN
0027-8424
DOI
10.1073/pnas.89.8.3256
Published
1992-04-15
Pages
3256-60
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7505876
PMCID
PMC48845
Subset
IM
Grants
NCRR NIH HHS · 2 S07 RR05526-28 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · CA22427 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.8.3256 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2