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PMID: 9525637 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

The activity of Sendai virus genomic and antigenomic promoters requires a second element past the leader template regions: a motif (GNNNNN)3 is essential for replication.

Journal of virology ·Vol. 72 ·No. 4 ·1998-04-00 ·Pages 3117-28

Tapparel C, Maurice D, Roux L

Abstract

The paramyxovirus genome, a nonsegmented, negative-polarity, single-stranded RNA of approximately 15 kb, contains six transcription units flanked at the 3' and 5' ends by a short (approximately 50- to 60-nucleotide) extracistronic sequence, dubbed the positive and negative leader regions. These leader template regions, present at the 3' end of the genome and the antigenome, have been shown to contain essential signals governing RNA replication activity. Whether they are sufficient to promote replication is still open to question. By using a series of Sendai virus defective interfering RNAs carrying a nested set of deletions in the promoter regions, it is shown here that for both the genomic and antigenomic promoters, a 3'-end RNA sequence of 96 nucleotides is required to allow replication. Sequence comparison of active and inactive promoters led to the identification of a set of three nucleotide hexamers (nucleotides 79 to 84, 85 to 90, and 91 to 96) containing a repeated motif RXXYXX [shown as 5'-3' positive-strand]. Sequential mutation of each hexamer into its complementary sequence confirmed their essential role. The three hexamers are required, and their relative positioning is important, since displacing them by 6 nucleotides destroyed promoter function. RNAs carrying degenerate nucleotides in the three hexamers were used as replication templates. They led to the selection of actively replicating RNA species exclusively carrying the basic motif (GNNNNN)3 from nucleotides 79 to 96. These results clearly show that, apart from the region from nucleotides 1 to 31, previously identified as governing Sendai virus replication activity, a second element, spanning at the most nucleotides 79 to 96, appears essential. Thus, the paramyxovirus replication promoters are not confined to the leader template regions, as seems to be the case for the rhabdoviruses.

MeSH Terms
Binding Sites Genome, Viral HeLa Cells Humans Promoter Regions, Genetic RNA, Messenger RNA, Viral/biosynthesis Respirovirus/genetics Templates, Genetic Tumor Cells, Cultured
Chemicals
RNA, Messenger RNA, Viral
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Tapparel C
Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Geneva Medical School, Centre Medical Universitaire, Switzerland.
Maurice D
Roux L
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41 references, click to expand
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Article Info
Journal
Journal of virology
Abbr.
J Virol
ISSN
0022-538X
DOI
10.1128/JVI.72.4.3117-3128.1998
Published
1998-04-00
Pages
3117-28
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0113724
PMCID
PMC109762
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/JVI.72.4.3117-3128.1998 PMC Full Text View journal details
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