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PMID: 8441385 Published · ppublish English Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Activation of heat shock gene transcription by heat shock factor 1 involves oligomerization, acquisition of DNA-binding activity, and nuclear localization and can occur in the absence of stress.

Molecular and cellular biology ·Vol. 13 ·No. 3 ·1993-03-00 ·Pages 1392-407

Sarge KD, Murphy SP, Morimoto RI

Abstract

The existence of multiple heat shock factor (HSF) genes in higher eukaryotes has promoted questions regarding the functions of these HSF family members, especially with respect to the stress response. To address these questions, we have used polyclonal antisera raised against mouse HSF1 and HSF2 to examine the biochemical, physical, and functional properties of these two factors in unstressed and heat-shocked mouse and human cells. We have identified HSF1 as the mediator of stress-induced heat shock gene transcription. HSF1 displays stress-induced DNA-binding activity, oligomerization, and nuclear localization, while HSF2 does not. Also, HSF1 undergoes phosphorylation in cells exposed to heat or cadmium sulfate but not in cells treated with the amino acid analog L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, indicating that phosphorylation of HSF1 is not essential for its activation. Interestingly, HSF1 and HSF2 overexpressed in transfected 3T3 cells both display constitutive DNA-binding activity, oligomerization, and transcriptional activity. These results demonstrate that HSF1 can be activated in the absence of physiological stress and also provide support for a model of regulation of HSF1 and HSF2 activity by a titratable negative regulatory factor.

MeSH Terms
3T3 Cells Animals Antibody Specificity Base Sequence Cell Nucleus/chemistry Cytoplasm/chemistry DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism Escherichia coli/genetics Fluorescent Antibody Technique Gene Expression Regulation Heat Shock Transcription Factors Heat-Shock Proteins/drug effects,genetics,immunology,metabolism Hot Temperature Humans Mice Molecular Sequence Data Phosphorylation Protein Conformation Transcription Factors/drug effects,genetics,immunology,metabolism Transcription, Genetic/drug effects Transfection
Chemicals
DNA-Binding Proteins HSF1 protein, human Heat Shock Transcription Factors Heat-Shock Proteins Transcription Factors HSF2 protein, human
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Sarge K D
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208.
Murphy S P
Morimoto R I
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Article Info
Journal
Molecular and cellular biology
Abbr.
Mol Cell Biol
ISSN
0270-7306
DOI
10.1128/mcb.13.3.1392-1407.1993
Published
1993-03-00
Pages
1392-407
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8109087
PMCID
PMC359449
Subset
IM
Corrections
ErratumIn
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ErratumIn
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External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/mcb.13.3.1392-1407.1993 PMC Full Text View journal details
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