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PMID: 8344262 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Chromatin disruption in the promoter of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 during transcriptional activation.

The EMBO journal ·Vol. 12 ·No. 8 ·1993-08-00 ·Pages 3249-59

Verdin E, Paras P, Van Lint C

Abstract

Chromatin organization of eukaryotic promoters is increasingly recognized as an important factor in the regulation of transcription in vivo. To determine the role of chromatin in HIV-1 expression, we have examined the nucleosome organization of the promoter of HIV-1 under low and high transcription rates. Independently of the cell line examined, nucleosomes are precisely positioned in the viral 5' long terminal repeat (5' LTR) and define two large nucleosome-free regions encompassing nt 200-450 and 610-720. A nucleosome positioned between these two regions, immediately after the transcription initiation site (nuc-1), is disrupted following TPA or TNF-alpha treatment. The disruption of nuc-1 from DNA is independent of DNA replication since it is completed in 20 min and independent of transcription as it is alpha-amanitin insensitive. A model is proposed in which nuc-1 plays an organizing role in the HIV-1 promoter to bring in close proximity factors bound to DNA in the two nucleosome-free regions, upstream and downstream of the site of transcription initiation. These results define chromatin as an integral component of the HIV-1 transcriptional regulatory machinery and identify a chromatin transition associated with activation of viral gene expression.

MeSH Terms
Alkylating Agents/pharmacology Amanitins/pharmacology Base Sequence Cell Line Chromatin/physiology DNA Replication DNA, Viral Deoxyribonuclease I/pharmacology HIV Long Terminal Repeat/genetics HIV-1/genetics Micrococcal Nuclease/pharmacology Molecular Sequence Data Nucleosomes/metabolism Promoter Regions, Genetic Restriction Mapping Sulfuric Acid Esters/pharmacology Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology Transcriptional Activation/physiology
Chemicals
Alkylating Agents Amanitins Chromatin DNA, Viral Nucleosomes Sulfuric Acid Esters Deoxyribonuclease I Micrococcal Nuclease dimethyl sulfate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Verdin E
Laboratory of Viral and Molecular Pathogenesis, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Paras P
Van Lint C
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Article Info
Journal
The EMBO journal
Abbr.
EMBO J
ISSN
0261-4189
Published
1993-08-00
Pages
3249-59
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
8208664
PMCID
PMC413592
Subset
IM
Corrections
ErratumIn
-
External Links
PubMed source PMC Full Text View journal details
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