Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 7666516 Published · ppublish English Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Genetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains from patients in Cyprus: identification of a new subtype designated subtype I.

Journal of virology ·Vol. 69 ·No. 10 ·1995-10-00 ·Pages 6122-30

Kostrikis LG, Bagdades E, Cao Y, Zhang L, Dimitriou D, Ho DD

Abstract

DNA sequences encoding the C2 to V3 region of envelope glycoprotein gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were amplified by PCR from uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from 24 of 25 HIV-1-seropositive patients from Cyprus. By using a heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA), all amplified products were studied genetically and compared with 16 previously characterized HIV-1 strains belonging to subtypes A through F. HMA results revealed that HIV-1 gp120 sequences from 15 of our patients were of subtype B of HIV-1, whereas one isolate was of subtype C. However, gp120 sequences from eight patients had no obvious similarities to the known subtypes as defined by HMA. DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of molecular clones confirmed the HMA results and placed the eight undefined HIV-1 isolates into three distinct genetic clusters. On the basis of branch topology and lengths of the phylogenetic tree, we conclude that one group consisting of three clones from two patients represents a new HIV-1 env subtype, which we have termed subtype I. The remaining two sequence clusters, consisting of five sequences from four patients and two sequences from two other patients, are distally related to subtypes A and F. These data demonstrate the extensive heterogeneity of HIV-1 in Cyprus, including the presence of new subtype.

Related Genes
env
MeSH Terms
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/virology Adult Amino Acid Sequence Base Sequence Child, Preschool Cyprus DNA Primers DNA, Viral/analysis Female Genes, env HIV Envelope Protein gp120/genetics HIV-1/classification,genetics,isolation & purification Humans Male Middle Aged Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Chemicals
DNA Primers DNA, Viral HIV Envelope Protein gp120
Authors & Affiliations
6 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Kostrikis L G
Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York 10016, USA.
Bagdades E
Cao Y
Zhang L
Dimitriou D
Ho D D
References (44)
44 references, click to expand
  1. A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences.
    J Mol Evol. 1980 Dec;16(2):111-20 PMID: 7463489
  2. A review of human immunodeficiency virus infection in India.
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1994 Nov;7(11):1185-94 PMID: 7932085
  3. Progressive sequence alignment as a prerequisite to correct phylogenetic trees.
    J Mol Evol. 1987;25(4):351-60 PMID: 3118049
  4. Estimation of evolutionary distance between nucleotide sequences.
    Mol Biol Evol. 1984 Apr;1(3):269-85 PMID: 6599968
  5. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees.
    Mol Biol Evol. 1987 Jul;4(4):406-25 PMID: 3447015
  6. Fast and sensitive multiple sequence alignments on a microcomputer.
    Comput Appl Biosci. 1989 Apr;5(2):151-3 PMID: 2720464
  7. Significance of premature stop codons in env of simian immunodeficiency virus.
    J Virol. 1989 Nov;63(11):4709-14 PMID: 2795718
  8. Quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in the blood of infected persons.
    N Engl J Med. 1989 Dec 14;321(24):1621-5 PMID: 2586564
  9. Transient high levels of viremia in patients with primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
    N Engl J Med. 1991 Apr 4;324(14):961-4 PMID: 1823118
  10. The genetic fate of molecularly cloned simian immunodeficiency virus in experimentally infected macaques.
    Virology. 1991 Nov;185(1):217-28 PMID: 1926774
  11. Genetic analysis of HIV-1 isolates from Zambia and an expanded phylogenetic tree for HIV-1.
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1992;5(5):441-9 PMID: 1560340
  12. Genetic variants of HIV-1 in Thailand.
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Nov;8(11):1887-95 PMID: 1489577
  13. HIV-1 strains from India are highly divergent from prototypic African and US/European strains, but are linked to a South African isolate.
    AIDS. 1993 Jan;7(1):23-7 PMID: 8442916
  14. Increased viral burden and cytopathicity correlate temporally with CD4+ T-lymphocyte decline and clinical progression in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals.
    J Virol. 1993 Apr;67(4):1772-7 PMID: 8095306
  15. Independent introduction of two major HIV-1 genotypes into distinct high-risk populations in Thailand.
    Lancet. 1993 May 8;341(8854):1171-4 PMID: 8098076
  16. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of HIV-1 patients with primary infection.
    Science. 1993 Aug 27;261(5125):1179-81 PMID: 8356453
  17. Phylogenetic analysis of gag genes from 70 international HIV-1 isolates provides evidence for multiple genotypes.
    AIDS. 1993 Jun;7(6):769-80 PMID: 8363755
  18. Genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains in Kinshasa, Zaire.
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Jul;9(7):613-8 PMID: 8369166
  19. Increasing antigenic and genetic diversity of the V3 variable domain of the human immunodeficiency virus envelope protein in the course of the AIDS epidemic.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Oct 1;90(19):9061-5 PMID: 8415653
  20. Genetic heterogeneity of the V3 region of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein in Brazil. Brazilian Collaborative AIDS Research Group.
    AIDS. 1993 Sep;7(9):1191-7 PMID: 8216975
  21. Genetic relationships determined by a DNA heteroduplex mobility assay: analysis of HIV-1 env genes.
    Science. 1993 Nov 19;262(5137):1257-61 PMID: 8235655
  22. Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of env subtypes G and H in central Africa.
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jul;10(7):877-9 PMID: 7986593
  23. Virologic and immunologic characterization of long-term survivors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
    N Engl J Med. 1995 Jan 26;332(4):201-8 PMID: 7808485
  24. Presence in India of HIV type 1 similar to North American strains.
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Aug;10(8):1039-41 PMID: 7811535
  25. Genotypic subtypes of HIV-1 in Cameroon.
    AIDS. 1994 Oct;8(10):1405-12 PMID: 7818811
  26. Recombination in HIV-1.
    Nature. 1995 Mar 9;374(6518):124-6 PMID: 7877682
  27. Identification of an env G subtype and heterogeneity of HIV-1 strains in the Russian Federation and Belarus.
    AIDS. 1994 Dec;8(12):1649-55 PMID: 7888112
  28. Tenth anniversary perspectives on AIDS. HIV: between past and future.
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Nov;10(11):1317-24 PMID: 7888185
  29. Genetic variation of HIV type 1 in four World Health Organization-sponsored vaccine evaluation sites: generation of functional envelope (glycoprotein 160) clones representative of sequence subtypes A, B, C, and E. WHO Network for HIV Isolation and Characterization.
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Nov;10(11):1359-68 PMID: 7888189
  30. Presence of multiple genetic subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proviruses in Uganda.
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Nov;10(11):1543-50 PMID: 7888209
  31. Early HIV type 1 strains in Thailand were not responsible for the current epidemic.
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Nov;10(11):1573-5 PMID: 7888212
  32. Genetic variability of HIV type 1 in Kenya.
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Nov;10(11):1577-9 PMID: 7888213
  33. Subgroup G HIV type 1 isolates from Nigeria.
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Nov;10(11):1581-3 PMID: 7888214
  34. Clinical evaluation of branched DNA signal amplification for quantifying HIV type 1 in human plasma.
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1995 Mar;11(3):353-61 PMID: 7786581
  35. Diversity of V3 region sequences of human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 from the central African Republic.
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Oct;9(10):997-1006 PMID: 8280481
  36. Characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from children in Romania: identification of a new envelope subtype.
    J Infect Dis. 1994 Feb;169(2):281-8 PMID: 8106761
  37. Genetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2) mixed infections in India reveals a recent spread of HIV-1 and HIV-2 from a single ancestor for each of these viruses.
    J Virol. 1994 Apr;68(4):2161-8 PMID: 8139000
  38. HIV-1 prevalence among Israeli and Palestinian blood donors.
    AIDS. 1994 Jan;8(1):133-4 PMID: 8011228
  39. Molecular phylogeny of part of the env gene of HIV-1 strains isolated in Côte d'Ivoire.
    AIDS. 1994 Jan;8(1):21-6 PMID: 8011235
  40. Identification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope genes recombinant between subtypes B and F in two epidemiologically linked individuals from Brazil.
    J Virol. 1994 Oct;68(10):6340-6 PMID: 8083973
  41. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 evolution in vivo tracked by DNA heteroduplex mobility assays.
    J Virol. 1994 Oct;68(10):6672-83 PMID: 8084001
  42. Mutational trends in V3 loop protein sequences observed in different genetic lineages of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
    J Virol. 1994 Oct;68(10):6730-44 PMID: 8084005
  43. V3 region polymorphisms in HIV-1 from Brazil: prevalence of subtype B strains divergent from North American/European prototype and detection of subtype F.
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 May;10(5):569-76 PMID: 7522493
  44. Production of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated retrovirus in human and nonhuman cells transfected with an infectious molecular clone.
    J Virol. 1986 Aug;59(2):284-91 PMID: 3016298
Article Info
Journal
Journal of virology
Abbr.
J Virol
ISSN
0022-538X
DOI
10.1128/JVI.69.10.6122-6130.1995
Published
1995-10-00
Pages
6122-30
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0113724
PMCID
PMC189509
Subset
IM
Grants
NIAID NIH HHS · AI25541 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · AI27665 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · AI32427 · United States
Databases
GENBANK
U28321, U28661, U28662, U28663, U28664, U28665, U28666, U28667, U28668, U28669, U28670, U28671, U28672, U28673, U28674, U28675, U28676, U28677, U28678, U28679, U28680, U28681, U28682, U28683, U28684, U28685, U28719
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/JVI.69.10.6122-6130.1995 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2