Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 22639636 Published · epublish English Journal Article

The spliceosome-activating complex: molecular mechanisms underlying the function of a pleiotropic regulator.

Frontiers in plant science ·Vol. 3 ·2012-00-00 ·Pages 9

Koncz C, Dejong F, Villacorta N, Szakonyi D, Koncz Z

Abstract

Correct interpretation of the coding capacity of RNA polymerase II transcribed eukaryotic genes is determined by the recognition and removal of intronic sequences of pre-mRNAs by the spliceosome. Our current knowledge on dynamic assembly and subunit interactions of the spliceosome mostly derived from the characterization of yeast, Drosophila, and human spliceosomal complexes formed on model pre-mRNA templates in cell extracts. In addition to sequential structural rearrangements catalyzed by ATP-dependent DExH/D-box RNA helicases, catalytic activation of the spliceosome is critically dependent on its association with the NineTeen Complex (NTC) named after its core E3 ubiquitin ligase subunit PRP19. NTC, isolated recently from Arabidopsis, occurs in a complex with the essential RNA helicase and GTPase subunits of the U5 small nuclear RNA particle that are required for both transesterification reactions of splicing. A compilation of mass spectrometry data available on the composition of NTC and spliceosome complexes purified from different organisms indicates that about half of their conserved homologs are encoded by duplicated genes in Arabidopsis. Thus, while mutations of single genes encoding essential spliceosome and NTC components lead to cell death in other organisms, differential regulation of some of their functionally redundant Arabidopsis homologs permits the isolation of partial loss of function mutations. Non-lethal pleiotropic defects of these mutations provide a unique means for studying the roles of NTC in co-transcriptional assembly of the spliceosome and its crosstalk with DNA repair and cell death signaling pathways.

Keywords
Arabidopsis DNA repair NineTeen complex cell death signaling co-transcriptional splicing spliceosome
Authors & Affiliations
5 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Koncz Csaba
Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research Cologne, Germany.
Dejong Femke
Villacorta Nicolas
Szakonyi Dóra
Koncz Zsuzsa
References (139)
139 references, click to expand
  1. Luc7p, a novel yeast U1 snRNP protein with a role in 5' splice site recognition.
    Genes Dev. 1999 Sep 15;13(18):2425-38 PMID: 10500099
  2. SNEV overexpression extends the life span of human endothelial cells.
    Exp Cell Res. 2006 Apr 1;312(6):746-59 PMID: 16388800
  3. SKP1-SnRK protein kinase interactions mediate proteasomal binding of a plant SCF ubiquitin ligase.
    EMBO J. 2001 Jun 1;20(11):2742-56 PMID: 11387208
  4. GAMETOPHYTIC FACTOR 1, involved in pre-mRNA splicing, is essential for megagametogenesis and embryogenesis in Arabidopsis.
    J Integr Plant Biol. 2009 Mar;51(3):261-71 PMID: 19261069
  5. Pre-mRNA splicing: where and when in the nucleus.
    Trends Cell Biol. 2011 Jun;21(6):336-43 PMID: 21514162
  6. Genetic and biochemical analysis of yeast and human cap trimethylguanosine synthase: functional overlap of 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine caps, small nuclear ribonucleoprotein components, pre-mRNA splicing factors, and RNA decay pathways.
    J Biol Chem. 2008 Nov 14;283(46):31706-18 PMID: 18775984
  7. PLRG1 is an essential regulator of cell proliferation and apoptosis during vertebrate development and tissue homeostasis.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2009 Jun;29(11):3173-85 PMID: 19307306
  8. SKIP counteracts p53-mediated apoptosis via selective regulation of p21Cip1 mRNA splicing.
    Genes Dev. 2011 Apr 1;25(7):701-16 PMID: 21460037
  9. Structural and functional analysis of essential pre-mRNA splicing factor Prp19p.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Jan;25(1):451-60 PMID: 15601865
  10. The Arabidopsis thaliana AT PRP39-1 gene, encoding a tetratricopeptide repeat protein with similarity to the yeast pre-mRNA processing protein PRP39, affects flowering time.
    Plant Cell Rep. 2007 Aug;26(8):1357-66 PMID: 17380304
  11. MERISTEM-DEFECTIVE, an RS domain protein, is required for the correct meristem patterning and function in Arabidopsis.
    Plant J. 2009 Mar;57(5):857-69 PMID: 19000164
  12. Nuclear localization of CBF1 is regulated by interactions with the SMRT corepressor complex.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Sep;21(18):6222-32 PMID: 11509665
  13. Early embryonic lethality of mice lacking the essential protein SNEV.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Apr;27(8):3123-30 PMID: 17283042
  14. A direct interaction between the carboxyl-terminal region of CDC5L and the WD40 domain of PLRG1 is essential for pre-mRNA splicing.
    J Biol Chem. 2001 Nov 9;276(45):42370-81 PMID: 11544257
  15. Prp45 affects Prp22 partition in spliceosomal complexes and splicing efficiency of non-consensus substrates.
    J Cell Biochem. 2009 Jan 1;106(1):139-51 PMID: 19016306
  16. STABILIZED1, a stress-upregulated nuclear protein, is required for pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA turnover, and stress tolerance in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Cell. 2006 Jul;18(7):1736-49 PMID: 16751345
  17. A putative novel transcription factor, AtSKIP, is involved in abscisic acid signalling and confers salt and osmotic tolerance in Arabidopsis.
    New Phytol. 2010 Jan;185(1):103-13 PMID: 19765229
  18. G-patch domain and KOW motifs-containing protein, GPKOW; a nuclear RNA-binding protein regulated by protein kinase A.
    J Mol Signal. 2011 Aug 31;6:10 PMID: 21880142
  19. Composition and three-dimensional EM structure of double affinity-purified, human prespliceosomal A complexes.
    EMBO J. 2007 Mar 21;26(6):1737-48 PMID: 17332742
  20. Breast cancer amplified sequence 2, a novel negative regulator of the p53 tumor suppressor.
    Cancer Res. 2009 Dec 1;69(23):8877-85 PMID: 19903847
  21. A spliceosomal intron binding protein, IBP160, links position-dependent assembly of intron-encoded box C/D snoRNP to pre-mRNA splicing.
    Mol Cell. 2006 Sep 1;23(5):673-84 PMID: 16949364
  22. Nuclear inhibitor of protein phosphatase-1 (NIPP1) directs protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) to dephosphorylate the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle (snRNP) component, spliceosome-associated protein 155 (Sap155).
    J Biol Chem. 2008 Dec 19;283(51):35805-14 PMID: 18842582
  23. Two putative RNA-binding proteins function with unequal genetic redundancy in the MOS4-associated complex.
    Plant Physiol. 2010 Dec;154(4):1783-93 PMID: 20943852
  24. Splicing factor slt11p and its involvement in formation of U2/U6 helix II in activation of the yeast spliceosome.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Feb;21(4):1011-23 PMID: 11158289
  25. Mutational analysis of a plant branchpoint and polypyrimidine tract required for constitutive splicing of a mini-exon.
    RNA. 2002 Jan;8(1):47-56 PMID: 11873758
  26. Human STAGA complex is a chromatin-acetylating transcription coactivator that interacts with pre-mRNA splicing and DNA damage-binding factors in vivo.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Oct;21(20):6782-95 PMID: 11564863
  27. The fission yeast ortholog of the coregulator SKIP interacts with the small subunit of U2AF.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Jun 29;284(5):1148-54 PMID: 11414703
  28. The Pso4 complex splices into the DNA damage response.
    Cell Cycle. 2009 Nov 1;8(21):3448-9 PMID: 19838058
  29. Snf1p regulates Gcn5p transcriptional activity by antagonizing Spt3p.
    Genetics. 2010 Jan;184(1):91-105 PMID: 19841091
  30. "Nought may endure but mutability": spliceosome dynamics and the regulation of splicing.
    Mol Cell. 2008 Jun 20;30(6):657-66 PMID: 18570869
  31. "Cotranscriptionality": the transcription elongation complex as a nexus for nuclear transactions.
    Mol Cell. 2009 Oct 23;36(2):178-91 PMID: 19854129
  32. SKIP interacts with c-Myc and Menin to promote HIV-1 Tat transactivation.
    Mol Cell. 2009 Oct 9;36(1):75-87 PMID: 19818711
  33. Isolation of an active step I spliceosome and composition of its RNP core.
    Nature. 2008 Apr 17;452(7189):846-50 PMID: 18322460
  34. Systematic two-hybrid and comparative proteomic analyses reveal novel yeast pre-mRNA splicing factors connected to Prp19.
    PLoS One. 2011 Feb 28;6(2):e16719 PMID: 21386897
  35. Interaction of U-box E3 ligase SNEV with PSMB4, the beta7 subunit of the 20 S proteasome.
    Biochem J. 2005 Jun 1;388(Pt 2):593-603 PMID: 15660529
  36. CLO/GFA1 and ATO are novel regulators of gametic cell fate in plants.
    Plant J. 2008 Dec;56(6):913-21 PMID: 18702672
  37. Defective RNA processing enhances RNA silencing and influences flowering of Arabidopsis.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Oct 10;103(41):14994-5001 PMID: 17008405
  38. MOS2, a protein containing G-patch and KOW motifs, is essential for innate immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Curr Biol. 2005 Nov 8;15(21):1936-42 PMID: 16271871
  39. The splicing factor Prp17 interacts with the U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs and associates with the spliceosome pre- and post-catalysis.
    Biochem J. 2008 Dec 15;416(3):365-74 PMID: 18691155
  40. Evidence for a role of Sky1p-mediated phosphorylation in 3' splice site recognition involving both Prp8 and Prp17/Slu4.
    RNA. 2001 Sep;7(9):1284-97 PMID: 11565750
  41. Protein composition and electron microscopy structure of affinity-purified human spliceosomal B complexes isolated under physiological conditions.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2006 Jul;26(14):5528-43 PMID: 16809785
  42. Virus induced gene silencing of AtCDC5 results in accelerated cell death in Arabidopsis leaves.
    Plant Physiol Biochem. 2007 Jan;45(1):87-94 PMID: 17298883
  43. Reciprocal roles of SIRT1 and SKIP in the regulation of RAR activity: implication in the retinoic acid-induced neuronal differentiation of P19 cells.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(3):822-31 PMID: 19934264
  44. AtCDC5 regulates the G2 to M transition of the cell cycle and is critical for the function of Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem.
    Cell Res. 2007 Sep;17(9):815-28 PMID: 17768399
  45. Progression through the RNA polymerase II CTD cycle.
    Mol Cell. 2009 Nov 25;36(4):541-6 PMID: 19941815
  46. VAJ/GFA1/CLO is involved in the directional control of floral organ growth.
    Plant Cell Physiol. 2009 Mar;50(3):515-27 PMID: 19168457
  47. Characterization of purified human Bact spliceosomal complexes reveals compositional and morphological changes during spliceosome activation and first step catalysis.
    RNA. 2010 Dec;16(12):2384-403 PMID: 20980672
  48. Modulation of abscisic acid signal transduction and biosynthesis by an Sm-like protein in Arabidopsis.
    Dev Cell. 2001 Dec;1(6):771-81 PMID: 11740939
  49. Acetylation by the transcriptional coactivator Gcn5 plays a novel role in co-transcriptional spliceosome assembly.
    PLoS Genet. 2009 Oct;5(10):e1000682 PMID: 19834536
  50. Isolation of XAB2 complex involved in pre-mRNA splicing, transcription, and transcription-coupled repair.
    J Biol Chem. 2008 Jan 11;283(2):940-50 PMID: 17981804
  51. RNA-binding motif protein RBM22 is required for normal development of zebrafish embryos.
    Genet Mol Res. 2009 Dec 08;8(4):1466-73 PMID: 20013661
  52. Functional analysis of the human CDC5L complex and identification of its components by mass spectrometry.
    EMBO J. 2000 Dec 1;19(23):6569-81 PMID: 11101529
  53. Arginine methylation mediated by the Arabidopsis homolog of PRMT5 is essential for proper pre-mRNA splicing.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Nov 2;107(44):19114-9 PMID: 20956294
  54. Functional organization of the Sm core in the crystal structure of human U1 snRNP.
    EMBO J. 2010 Dec 15;29(24):4172-84 PMID: 21113136
  55. U12-dependent intron splicing in plants.
    Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2008;326:61-82 PMID: 18630747
  56. A subset of human 35S U5 proteins, including Prp19, function prior to catalytic step 1 of splicing.
    EMBO J. 2004 Jun 16;23(12):2381-91 PMID: 15175653
  57. Conservation of the protein composition and electron microscopy structure of Drosophila melanogaster and human spliceosomal complexes.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2009 Jan;29(1):281-301 PMID: 18981222
  58. Silencing of p29 affects DNA damage responses with UV irradiation.
    Cancer Res. 2006 Sep 1;66(17):8484-91 PMID: 16951160
  59. Ntc90 is required for recruiting first step factor Yju2 but not for spliceosome activation.
    RNA. 2009 Sep;15(9):1729-39 PMID: 19617314
  60. Implementing a rational and consistent nomenclature for serine/arginine-rich protein splicing factors (SR proteins) in plants.
    Plant Cell. 2010 Sep;22(9):2926-9 PMID: 20884799
  61. Splicing-independent recruitment of U1 snRNP to a transcription unit in living cells.
    J Cell Sci. 2010 Jun 15;123(Pt 12):2085-93 PMID: 20519584
  62. A member of the ETS family, EHF, and the ATPase RUVBL1 inhibit p53-mediated apoptosis.
    EMBO Rep. 2011 Jul 01;12(7):682-9 PMID: 21617703
  63. The Prp19 complex is a novel transcription elongation factor required for TREX occupancy at transcribed genes.
    Genes Dev. 2011 Jun 1;25(11):1147-58 PMID: 21576257
  64. P-TEFb stimulates transcription elongation and pre-mRNA splicing through multilateral mechanisms.
    RNA Biol. 2010 Mar-Apr;7(2):145-50 PMID: 20305375
  65. Drosophila SPF45: a bifunctional protein with roles in both splicing and DNA repair.
    PLoS Genet. 2006 Dec 8;2(12):e178 PMID: 17154718
  66. Proteomics analysis reveals stable multiprotein complexes in both fission and budding yeasts containing Myb-related Cdc5p/Cef1p, novel pre-mRNA splicing factors, and snRNAs.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2002 Apr;22(7):2011-24 PMID: 11884590
  67. The carboxy terminal domain of RNA polymerase II and alternative splicing.
    Trends Biochem Sci. 2010 Sep;35(9):497-504 PMID: 20418102
  68. Epigenetics in alternative pre-mRNA splicing.
    Cell. 2011 Jan 7;144(1):16-26 PMID: 21215366
  69. Blom7alpha is a novel heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K homology domain protein involved in pre-mRNA splicing that interacts with SNEVPrp19-Pso4.
    J Biol Chem. 2009 Oct 16;284(42):29193-204 PMID: 19641227
  70. Dual roles of the nuclear cap-binding complex and SERRATE in pre-mRNA splicing and microRNA processing in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jun 24;105(25):8795-800 PMID: 18550839
  71. The spliceosome: design principles of a dynamic RNP machine.
    Cell. 2009 Feb 20;136(4):701-18 PMID: 19239890
  72. Evidence that the pre-mRNA splicing factor Clf1p plays a role in DNA replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Genetics. 2002 Apr;160(4):1319-33 PMID: 11973290
  73. The RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain promotes splicing activation through recruitment of a U2AF65-Prp19 complex.
    Genes Dev. 2011 May 1;25(9):972-83 PMID: 21536736
  74. The evolutionarily conserved core design of the catalytic activation step of the yeast spliceosome.
    Mol Cell. 2009 Nov 25;36(4):593-608 PMID: 19941820
  75. Functional links between the Prp19-associated complex, U4/U6 biogenesis, and spliceosome recycling.
    RNA. 2006 May;12(5):765-74 PMID: 16540691
  76. Removal of a single alpha-tubulin gene intron suppresses cell cycle arrest phenotypes of splicing factor mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2002 Feb;22(3):801-15 PMID: 11784857
  77. The Prp19-associated complex is required for specifying interactions of U5 and U6 with pre-mRNA during spliceosome activation.
    J Biol Chem. 2005 Sep 2;280(35):31190-9 PMID: 15994330
  78. The Prp19 complex and the Usp4Sart3 deubiquitinating enzyme control reversible ubiquitination at the spliceosome.
    Genes Dev. 2010 Jul 1;24(13):1434-47 PMID: 20595234
  79. Regulation of plant innate immunity by three proteins in a complex conserved across the plant and animal kingdoms.
    Genes Dev. 2007 Jun 15;21(12):1484-93 PMID: 17575050
  80. Regulatory interaction of PRL1 WD protein with Arabidopsis SNF1-like protein kinases.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Apr 27;96(9):5322-7 PMID: 10220464
  81. Genome analysis: RNA recognition motif (RRM) and K homology (KH) domain RNA-binding proteins from the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Feb 1;30(3):623-35 PMID: 11809873
  82. Myb-related fission yeast cdc5p is a component of a 40S snRNP-containing complex and is essential for pre-mRNA splicing.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Aug;19(8):5352-62 PMID: 10409726
  83. Plant-specific SR-related protein atSR45a interacts with spliceosomal proteins in plant nucleus.
    Plant Mol Biol. 2009 Jun;70(3):241-52 PMID: 19238562
  84. A cdc5+ homolog of a higher plant, Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Nov 12;93(23):13371-6 PMID: 8917598
  85. Comprehensive proteomic analysis of the human spliceosome.
    Nature. 2002 Sep 12;419(6903):182-5 PMID: 12226669
  86. Spliceostatin A targets SF3b and inhibits both splicing and nuclear retention of pre-mRNA.
    Nat Chem Biol. 2007 Sep;3(9):576-83 PMID: 17643111
  87. The final stages of spliceosome maturation require Spp2p that can interact with the DEAH box protein Prp2p and promote step 1 of splicing.
    RNA. 1995 Jun;1(4):375-90 PMID: 7493316
  88. Spliceosome structure and function.
    Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2011 Jul 01;3(7): PMID: 21441581
  89. The function of the NineTeen Complex (NTC) in regulating spliceosome conformations and fidelity during pre-mRNA splicing.
    Biochem Soc Trans. 2010 Aug;38(4):1110-5 PMID: 20659013
  90. Functional and physical interactions between components of the Prp19p-associated complex.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Feb 15;30(4):1029-37 PMID: 11842115
  91. Pause locally, splice globally.
    Trends Cell Biol. 2011 Jun;21(6):328-35 PMID: 21530266
  92. The RNA binding protein ELF9 directly reduces SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO1 transcript levels in arabidopsis, possibly via nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
    Plant Cell. 2009 Apr;21(4):1195-211 PMID: 19376936
  93. hLodestar/HuF2 interacts with CDC5L and is involved in pre-mRNA splicing.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 Sep 5;308(4):793-801 PMID: 12927788
  94. Evidence that Myb-related CDC5 proteins are required for pre-mRNA splicing.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Nov 23;96(24):13789-94 PMID: 10570151
  95. Yeast ortholog of the Drosophila crooked neck protein promotes spliceosome assembly through stable U4/U6.U5 snRNP addition.
    RNA. 1999 Aug;5(8):1042-54 PMID: 10445879
  96. The Pso4 mRNA splicing and DNA repair complex interacts with WRN for processing of DNA interstrand cross-links.
    J Biol Chem. 2005 Dec 9;280(49):40559-67 PMID: 16223718
  97. Role of human Pso4 in mammalian DNA repair and association with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Sep 16;100(19):10746-51 PMID: 12960389
  98. Characterization of Arabidopsis and rice DWD proteins and their roles as substrate receptors for CUL4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases.
    Plant Cell. 2008 Jan;20(1):152-67 PMID: 18223036
  99. The Isy1p component of the NineTeen complex interacts with the ATPase Prp16p to regulate the fidelity of pre-mRNA splicing.
    Genes Dev. 2005 Aug 15;19(16):1894-904 PMID: 16103217
  100. Arabidopsis thaliana PRP40s are RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain-associating proteins.
    Arch Biochem Biophys. 2009 Apr 1;484(1):30-8 PMID: 19467629
  101. SPLICE SITE SELECTION IN PLANT PRE-mRNA SPLICING.
    Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol. 1998 Jun;49:77-95 PMID: 15012228
  102. Semiquantitative proteomic analysis of the human spliceosome via a novel two-dimensional gel electrophoresis method.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2011 Jul;31(13):2667-82 PMID: 21536652
  103. Characterization of interactions among the Cef1p-Prp19p-associated splicing complex.
    RNA. 2002 Jun;8(6):798-815 PMID: 12088152
  104. The Prp19/Pso4 core complex undergoes ubiquitylation and structural alterations in response to DNA damage.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Mar 23;354(4):968-74 PMID: 17276391
  105. The ASRG database: identification and survey of Arabidopsis thaliana genes involved in pre-mRNA splicing.
    Genome Biol. 2004;5(12):R102 PMID: 15575968
  106. Snf1--a histone kinase that works in concert with the histone acetyltransferase Gcn5 to regulate transcription.
    Science. 2001 Aug 10;293(5532):1142-6 PMID: 11498592
  107. An importin alpha homolog, MOS6, plays an important role in plant innate immunity.
    Curr Biol. 2005 Jun 21;15(12):1129-35 PMID: 15964279
  108. Prp8 protein: at the heart of the spliceosome.
    RNA. 2005 May;11(5):533-57 PMID: 15840809
  109. Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein remodeling during catalytic activation of the spliceosome.
    Science. 2002 Dec 13;298(5601):2205-8 PMID: 12411573
  110. DNA damage response and transcription.
    DNA Repair (Amst). 2011 Jul 15;10(7):743-50 PMID: 21622031
  111. Composition and functional characterization of the yeast spliceosomal penta-snRNP.
    Mol Cell. 2002 Jan;9(1):31-44 PMID: 11804584
  112. Alternative splicing of pre-messenger RNAs in plants in the genomic era.
    Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2007;58:267-94 PMID: 17222076
  113. Exon-junction complex components specify distinct routes of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay with differential cofactor requirements.
    Mol Cell. 2005 Oct 7;20(1):65-75 PMID: 16209946
  114. Molecular architecture of the human Prp19/CDC5L complex.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2010 May;30(9):2105-19 PMID: 20176811
  115. Cockayne syndrome A and B proteins differentially regulate recruitment of chromatin remodeling and repair factors to stalled RNA polymerase II in vivo.
    Mol Cell. 2006 Aug;23(4):471-82 PMID: 16916636
  116. Cdc5L interacts with ATR and is required for the S-phase cell-cycle checkpoint.
    EMBO Rep. 2009 Sep;10(9):1029-35 PMID: 19633697
  117. Interactions of the yeast SF3b splicing factor.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Dec;25(24):10745-54 PMID: 16314500
  118. Crooked neck is a component of the human spliceosome and implicated in the splicing process.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Jul 19;1576(3):287-97 PMID: 12084575
  119. TFIIH kinase places bivalent marks on the carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II.
    Mol Cell. 2009 May 15;34(3):387-93 PMID: 19450536
  120. A systematic characterization of Cwc21, the yeast ortholog of the human spliceosomal protein SRm300.
    RNA. 2009 Dec;15(12):2174-85 PMID: 19789211
  121. Genetic and molecular identification of genes required for female gametophyte development and function in Arabidopsis.
    Development. 2005 Feb;132(3):603-14 PMID: 15634699
  122. Yeast precursor mRNA processing protein PRP19 associates with the spliceosome concomitant with or just after dissociation of U4 small nuclear RNA.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Nov 15;90(22):10821-5 PMID: 8248176
  123. Isolation and RNA gel blot analysis of genes that could serve as potential molecular markers for leaf senescence in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Plant Cell Physiol. 2001 Feb;42(2):170-8 PMID: 11230571
  124. The spliceosomal proteome: at the heart of the largest cellular ribonucleoprotein machine.
    Proteomics. 2010 Nov;10(22):4128-41 PMID: 21080498
  125. Regulation of splicing by protein phosphorylation.
    Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2008;326:119-38 PMID: 18630750
  126. Recognition of trimethylated histone H3 lysine 4 facilitates the recruitment of transcription postinitiation factors and pre-mRNA splicing.
    Mol Cell. 2007 Nov 30;28(4):665-76 PMID: 18042460
  127. Two Prp19-like U-box proteins in the MOS4-associated complex play redundant roles in plant innate immunity.
    PLoS Pathog. 2009 Jul;5(7):e1000526 PMID: 19629177
  128. Mouse homologue of yeast Prp19 interacts with mouse SUG1, the regulatory subunit of 26S proteasome.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Apr 27;356(1):175-80 PMID: 17349974
  129. Xenopus skip modulates Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and functions in neural crest induction.
    J Biol Chem. 2010 Apr 2;285(14):10890-901 PMID: 20103590
  130. Roles of eukaryotic Lsm proteins in the regulation of mRNA function.
    Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2009;272:149-89 PMID: 19121818
  131. Pleiotropic control of glucose and hormone responses by PRL1, a nuclear WD protein, in Arabidopsis.
    Genes Dev. 1998 Oct 1;12(19):3059-73 PMID: 9765207
  132. Modulation of O-mediated retrograde signaling by the PLEIOTROPIC RESPONSE LOCUS 1 (PRL1) protein, a central integrator of stress and energy signaling.
    Plant J. 2009 Oct;60(1):22-32 PMID: 19500298
  133. A methyl transferase links the circadian clock to the regulation of alternative splicing.
    Nature. 2010 Nov 4;468(7320):112-6 PMID: 20962777
  134. Vein patterning screens and the defectively organized tributaries mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Plant J. 2008 Oct;56(2):251-263 PMID: 18643975
  135. Splicing factor Cwc22 is required for the function of Prp2 and for the spliceosome to escape from a futile pathway.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2011 Jan;31(1):43-53 PMID: 20956557
  136. Large-scale proteomic analysis of the human spliceosome.
    Genome Res. 2002 Aug;12(8):1231-45 PMID: 12176931
  137. The Prp19p-associated complex in spliceosome activation.
    Science. 2003 Oct 10;302(5643):279-82 PMID: 12970570
  138. An evolutionarily conserved mediator of plant disease resistance gene function is required for normal Arabidopsis development.
    Dev Cell. 2002 Jun;2(6):807-17 PMID: 12062092
  139. Cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation of human CDC5 regulates RNA processing.
    Cell Cycle. 2008 Jun 15;7(12):1795-803 PMID: 18583928
Article Info
Journal
Frontiers in plant science
Abbr.
Front Plant Sci
ISSN
1664-462X
DOI
10.3389/fpls.2012.00009
Published
2012-00-00
Epub
2012-00-26
Pages
9
Language
English
Region
Switzerland
NLM ID
101568200
PMCID
PMC3355604
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2012.00009 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2