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PMID: 19421718 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

The NM23 family in development.

Molecular and cellular biochemistry ·Vol. 329 ·No. 1-2 ·2009-09-00 ·Pages 17-33

Bilitou A, Watson J, Gartner A, Ohnuma S

Abstract

The NM23 (non-metastatic 23) family is almost universally conserved across all three domains of life: eubacteria, archaea and eucaryotes. Unicellular organisms possess one NM23 ortholog, whilst vertebrates possess several. Gene multiplication through evolution has been accompanied by structural and functional diversification. Many NM23 orthologs are nucleoside diphosphate kinases (NDP kinases), but some more recently evolved members lack NDP kinase activity and/or display other functions, for instance, acting as protein kinases or transcription factors. These members display overlapping but distinct expression patterns during vertebrate development. In this review, we describe the functional differences and similarities among various NM23 family members. Moreover, we establish orthologous relationships through a phylogenetic analysis of NM23 members across vertebrate species, including Xenopus laevis and zebrafish, primitive chordates and several phyla of invertebrates. Finally, we summarize the involvement of NM23 proteins in development, in particular neural development. Carcinogenesis is a process of misregulated development, and NM23 was initially implicated as a metastasis suppressor. A more detailed understanding of the evolution of the family and its role in vertebrate development will facilitate elucidation of the mechanism of NM23 involvement in human cancer.

MeSH Terms
Amino Acid Sequence Animals Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism Gene Expression Growth and Development Humans Male Molecular Sequence Data NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases/genetics,metabolism Neoplasms/genetics Neurogenesis/genetics Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase/genetics,metabolism,physiology Phylogeny Protein Structure, Tertiary Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Transcription Factors/genetics,metabolism Xenopus laevis/embryology,growth & development,metabolism
Chemicals
NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases Transcription Factors Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Bilitou Aikaterini
Department of Oncology, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB20XZ, UK.
Watson Julie
Gartner Anton
Ohnuma Shin-Ichi
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Article Info
Journal
Molecular and cellular biochemistry
Abbr.
Mol Cell Biochem
ISSN
1573-4919
DOI
10.1007/s11010-009-0121-6
Published
2009-09-00
Epub
2009-00-07
Pages
17-33
Language
English
Region
Netherlands
NLM ID
0364456
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/s11010-009-0121-6 View journal details
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