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PMID: 9488434 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAD9 checkpoint reduces the DNA damage-associated stimulation of directed translocations.

Molecular and cellular biology ·Vol. 18 ·No. 3 ·1998-03-00 ·Pages 1190-200

Fasullo M, Bennett T, AhChing P, Koudelik J

Abstract

Genetic instability in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae rad9 mutant correlates with failure to arrest the cell cycle in response to DNA damage. We quantitated the DNA damage-associated stimulation of directed translocations in RAD9+ and rad9 mutants. Directed translocations were generated by selecting for His+ prototrophs that result from homologous, mitotic recombination between two truncated his3 genes, GAL1::his3-delta5' and trp1::his3-delta3'::HOcs. Compared to RAD9+ strains, the rad9 mutant exhibits a 5-fold higher rate of spontaneous, mitotic recombination and a greater than 10-fold increase in the number of UV- and X-ray-stimulated His+ recombinants that contain translocations. The higher level of recombination in rad9 mutants correlated with the appearance of nonreciprocal translocations and additional karyotypic changes, indicating that genomic instability also occurred among non-his3 sequences. Both enhanced spontaneous recombination and DNA damage-associated recombination are dependent on RAD1, a gene involved in DNA excision repair. The hyperrecombinational phenotype of the rad9 mutant was correlated with a deficiency in cell cycle arrest at the G2-M checkpoint by demonstrating that if rad9 mutants were arrested in G2 before irradiation, the numbers both of UV- and gamma-ray-stimulated recombinants were reduced. The importance of G2 arrest in DNA damage-induced sister chromatid exchange (SCE) was evident by a 10-fold reduction in HO endonuclease-induced SCE and no detectable X-ray stimulation of SCE in a rad9 mutant. We suggest that one mechanism by which the RAD9-mediated G2-M checkpoint may reduce the frequency of DNA damage-induced translocations is by channeling the repair of double-strand breaks into SCE.

MeSH Terms
Cell Cycle Proteins Chromosomes, Fungal DNA Damage DNA, Fungal/radiation effects Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific/metabolism Fungal Proteins/genetics,metabolism Mitosis Nocodazole/pharmacology Polymorphism, Genetic Recombination, Genetic Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics,metabolism,radiation effects Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins Signal Transduction Translocation, Genetic Ultraviolet Rays X-Rays
Chemicals
Cell Cycle Proteins DNA, Fungal Fungal Proteins Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins rad9 protein HO protein, S cerevisiae SCEI protein, S cerevisiae Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific Nocodazole
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Fasullo M
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Albany Medical College, New York 12208-3479, USA. mfasullo@ccgateway.amc.edu
Bennett T
AhChing P
Koudelik J
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Article Info
Journal
Molecular and cellular biology
Abbr.
Mol Cell Biol
ISSN
0270-7306
DOI
10.1128/MCB.18.3.1190
Email
mfasullo@ccgateway.amc.edu
Published
1998-03-00
Pages
1190-200
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8109087
PMCID
PMC108832
Subset
IM
Grants
NCI NIH HHS · CA70105 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/MCB.18.3.1190 PMC Full Text View journal details
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