Physical mapping of large DNA by chromosome fragmentation.

A technique is described for physically positioning any cloned DNA on a native or artificial Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome. The technique involves splitting a chromosome at a specific site by transformation with short linear molecules containing the cloned DNA at one end and telomeric sequences at the other. Recombination between the end of the linear molecules and homologous chromosomal sequences gives rise to chromosome fragments comprising all sequences distal or proximal to the mapping site depending on the orientation of the cloned DNA. The recombinant products are recovered by screening for stabilization of a suppressor tRNA on the linear molecules using a colony color assay. The cloned DNA is positioned relative to the chromosome ends by sizing the chromosomal fragments using alternating contour-clamped homogeneous electric field gel electrophoresis. Application of this technique to organisms other than S. cerevisiae and to the analysis of exogenous DNA cloned in yeast is discussed.