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PMID: 7621402 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Endotoxemia: methods of detection and clinical correlates.

Clinical microbiology reviews ·Vol. 8 ·No. 2 ·1995-04-00 ·Pages 268-92

Hurley JC

Abstract

As an assay for endotoxin, the Limulus amebocyte lysate assay has several desirable properties: sensitivity, specificity, and potential for adaptation to a quantitative format. Several modifications have been developed to enhance its potential for clinical application. The modifications that allow quantitative measurement of endotoxin and also improve its application to blood samples are described in this review. In fluids other than blood, the detection of endotoxin with the Limulus amebocyte lysate assay can be used as an aid to identify the presence of gram-negative bacteria, and the assay has established utility. With blood, however, there are a range of factors that interfere with the detection of endotoxemia and there are disparate views with respect to the diagnostic and prognostic significance of the test results. In general, the clinical significance of the finding of endotoxemia broadly parallels the frequency and importance of gram-negative sepsis in the patient groups studied and a decline in endotoxin levels accompanies clinical improvement. However, with therapies designed to reduce levels of endotoxin, or to antagonize its effects, it is unclear whether clinical improvement occurs as a consequence of changes in the levels of endotoxemia.

MeSH Terms
Endotoxins/analysis,chemistry,pharmacokinetics Humans Limulus Test/methods Risk Factors Sepsis/microbiology Toxemia/diagnosis,epidemiology,therapy Treatment Outcome
Chemicals
Endotoxins
Authors & Affiliations
1 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Hurley J C
Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital & Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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Article Info
Journal
Clinical microbiology reviews
Abbr.
Clin Microbiol Rev
ISSN
0893-8512
DOI
10.1128/CMR.8.2.268
Published
1995-04-00
Pages
268-92
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8807282
PMCID
PMC172859
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/CMR.8.2.268 PMC Full Text View journal details
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