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PMID: 25118718 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Review

Bidirectional cargo transport: moving beyond tug of war.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology ·Vol. 15 ·No. 9 ·2014-09-00 ·Pages 615-28

Hancock WO

Abstract

Vesicles, organelles and other intracellular cargo are transported by kinesin and dynein motors, which move in opposite directions along microtubules. This bidirectional cargo movement is frequently described as a 'tug of war' between oppositely directed molecular motors attached to the same cargo. However, although many experimental and modelling studies support the tug-of-war paradigm, numerous knockout and inhibition studies in various systems have found that inhibiting one motor leads to diminished motility in both directions, which is a 'paradox of co-dependence' that challenges the paradigm. In an effort to resolve this paradox, three classes of bidirectional transport models--microtubule tethering, mechanical activation and steric disinhibition--are proposed, and a general mathematical modelling framework for bidirectional cargo transport is put forward to guide future experiments.

MeSH Terms
Animals Biological Transport, Active/physiology Dyneins/genetics,metabolism Humans Kinesins/genetics,metabolism Microtubules/genetics,metabolism Models, Biological
Chemicals
Dyneins Kinesins
Authors & Affiliations
1 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Hancock William O
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
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Article Info
Journal
Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology
Abbr.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
ISSN
1471-0080
DOI
10.1038/nrm3853
Published
2014-09-00
Epub
2014-00-16
Pages
615-28
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
100962782
PMCID
PMC5014371
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM076476 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01GM076476 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1038/nrm3853 PMC Full Text View journal details
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