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PMID: 23218730 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Epigenetic regulation of macrophage polarization and function.

Trends in immunology ·Vol. 34 ·No. 5 ·2013-05-00 ·Pages 216-23

Ivashkiv LB

Abstract

Macrophage polarization refers to development of a specific phenotype important for tissue homeostasis or host defense in response to environmental cues. Environmental factors that induce macrophage polarization include cytokines and microbial factors produced by pathogens or commensal microbiota. Signaling pathways utilized by these polarizing factors have been well characterized, but it is less clear how signals are converted into complex and sustained patterns of gene expression, and how macrophages are reprogrammed during polarization to alter their responses to subsequent environmental challenges. Emerging evidence, reviewed here, suggests an important role for epigenetic mechanisms in modulating and transmitting signals during macrophage polarization and reprogramming. Deeper understanding of epigenetic regulation of macrophage phenotype will enable development of gene-specific therapeutic approaches to enhance host defense while preserving tissue integrity and preventing chronic inflammatory diseases.

MeSH Terms
Animals Cell Differentiation Cell Polarity/genetics Cell Transdifferentiation Cytokines/immunology Epigenesis, Genetic/immunology Gene Expression Regulation/immunology Humans Immune System Diseases/genetics,immunology Immunity, Cellular/genetics Immunomodulation Macrophages/immunology Signal Transduction/immunology
Chemicals
Cytokines
Authors & Affiliations
1 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Ivashkiv Lionel B
Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY 10021, USA. ivashkivl@hss.edu
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Article Info
Journal
Trends in immunology
Abbr.
Trends Immunol
ISSN
1471-4981
DOI
10.1016/j.it.2012.11.001
Email
ivashkivl@hss.edu
Published
2013-05-00
Epub
2012-00-04
Pages
216-23
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
100966032
PMCID
PMC3647003
Subset
IM
Grants
NIAMS NIH HHS · R01 AR046713 · United States
NIDCR NIH HHS · R01 DE019420 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · R01 AI046712 · United States
NIAMS NIH HHS · R01 AR050401 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · R01 AI044938 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2012.11.001 PMC Full Text View journal details
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