Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 2303043 Published · ppublish English Journal Article

Competition between transcription complex assembly and chromatin assembly on replicating DNA.

The EMBO journal ·Vol. 9 ·No. 2 ·1990-02-00 ·Pages 573-82

Almouzni G, Méchali M, Wolffe AP

Abstract

We have used a Xenopus egg extract to show that a competition exists between the assembly of transcription complexes and nucleosomes on replicating 5S DNA. This competition results in the establishment of a transcriptionally repressed state for 5S DNA that is dependent on core histones but not on the precise positioning of the cores. The repression is selective, since satellite I DNA is not significantly repressed under these conditions. We demonstrate that the efficiency of chromatin assembly compared with transcription complex assembly is an important variable in determining gene activity.

MeSH Terms
Animals Chickens Chromatin/physiology,ultrastructure DNA/genetics DNA Replication DNA, Satellite/genetics DNA, Single-Stranded/genetics DNA, Superhelical/genetics Deoxyribonuclease I Erythrocytes/metabolism Female Histones/blood Kinetics Micrococcal Nuclease Models, Genetic Oocytes/physiology Templates, Genetic Transcription Factor TFIIIA Transcription Factors/metabolism Transcription, Genetic Xenopus laevis
Chemicals
Chromatin DNA, Satellite DNA, Single-Stranded DNA, Superhelical Histones Transcription Factor TFIIIA Transcription Factors DNA Deoxyribonuclease I Micrococcal Nuclease
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Almouzni G
Laboratory of Molecular Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Méchali M
Wolffe A P
References (70)
70 references, click to expand
  1. Active chromatin of oocytes injected with somatic cell nuclei or cloned DNA.
    Dev Biol. 1982 Nov;94(1):216-29 PMID: 7152104
  2. Contact points between a positive transcription factor and the Xenopus 5S RNA gene.
    Cell. 1982 Dec;31(2 Pt 1):395-405 PMID: 6297765
  3. The activation of RNA synthesis by somatic nuclei injected into amphibian oocytes.
    Dev Biol. 1983 Feb;95(2):468-75 PMID: 6186549
  4. Tandemly repeated DNA sequences from Xenopus laevis. I. Studies on sequence organization and variation in satellite 1 DNA (741 base-pair repeat).
    J Mol Biol. 1983 Apr 25;165(4):567-85 PMID: 6189999
  5. Onset of 5 S RNA gene regulation during Xenopus embryogenesis.
    Dev Biol. 1983 Sep;99(1):248-57 PMID: 6618002
  6. Purified RNA polymerase III accurately and efficiently terminates transcription of 5S RNA genes.
    Cell. 1983 Oct;34(3):829-35 PMID: 6194892
  7. Assembly of newly replicated chromatin.
    Cell. 1978 Nov;15(3):969-77 PMID: 103629
  8. A new procedure for purifying histone pairs H2A + H2B and H3 + H4 from chromatin using hydroxylapatite.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Feb;6(2):689-96 PMID: 424310
  9. Rearrangement of chromatin structure induced by increasing ionic strength and temperature.
    Eur J Biochem. 1979 Oct;100(1):225-35 PMID: 488093
  10. Evidence for the formation of nucleosome-like histone complexes on single-stranded DNA.
    Cell. 1979 Oct;18(2):451-67 PMID: 498278
  11. Analysis of the chromatin assembled in germinal vesicles of Xenopus oocytes.
    J Mol Biol. 1983 Nov 5;170(3):699-722 PMID: 6415291
  12. Binding of Xenopus transcription factor A to 5S RNA and to single stranded DNA.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Mar 26;12(6):2745-58 PMID: 6369252
  13. The canine major histocompatibility complex. Supertypic specificities defined by the primed lymphocyte test (PLT).
    Immunogenetics. 1984;19(4):359-65 PMID: 6201443
  14. Domains of the positive transcription factor specific for the Xenopus 5S RNA gene.
    Cell. 1984 Jun;37(2):645-52 PMID: 6722885
  15. The transcriptional regulation of Xenopus 5s RNA genes in chromatin: the roles of active stable transcription complexes and histone H1.
    Cell. 1984 Jul;37(3):903-13 PMID: 6540147
  16. Characterization of two xenopus somatic 5S DNAs and one minor oocyte-specific 5S DNA.
    Cell. 1980 May;20(1):131-41 PMID: 6248230
  17. Transcription of tRNA genes in vivo: single-stranded compared to double-stranded templates.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):4147-51 PMID: 7001455
  18. Multiple factors are required for the accurate transcription of purified genes by RNA polymerase III.
    J Biol Chem. 1980 Dec 25;255(24):11986-91 PMID: 7440579
  19. New views of the biochemistry of eucaryotic DNA replication revealed by aphidicolin, an unusual inhibitor of DNA polymerase alpha.
    Cell. 1981 Mar;23(3):647-8 PMID: 6784928
  20. Nucleotide sequences in Xenopus 5S DNA required for transcription termination.
    Cell. 1981 Apr;24(1):261-70 PMID: 6263489
  21. A quantitative assay for Xenopus 5S RNA gene transcription in vitro.
    Cell. 1981 Jun;24(3):809-17 PMID: 6166388
  22. Stable transcription complexes of Xenopus 5S RNA genes: a means to maintain the differentiated state.
    Cell. 1982 Feb;28(2):413-21 PMID: 7060135
  23. Assembly of transcriptionally active 5S RNA gene chromatin in vitro.
    Cell. 1982 Apr;28(4):781-91 PMID: 7201351
  24. DNA synthesis in a cell-free system from Xenopus eggs: priming and elongation on single-stranded DNA in vitro.
    Cell. 1982 Aug;30(1):93-101 PMID: 6181898
  25. Effects of temperature and single-stranded DNA on the interaction of an RNA polymerase III transcription factor with a tRNA gene.
    Cell. 1985 Feb;40(2):311-7 PMID: 3967295
  26. Transient paralysis by heat shock of hormonal regulation of gene expression.
    EMBO J. 1984 Dec 1;3(12):2763-70 PMID: 6526005
  27. Formation and stability of the 5 S RNA transcription complex.
    J Biol Chem. 1985 Feb 25;260(4):2483-92 PMID: 3972795
  28. Stable transcription complex on a class III gene in a minichromosome.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Jan;5(1):40-5 PMID: 2984553
  29. Rapid "footprinting" on supercoiled DNA.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 May;82(10):3078-81 PMID: 3889902
  30. Xenopus transcription factor A promotes DNA reassociation.
    J Biol Chem. 1985 Oct 25;260(24):13316-20 PMID: 2414278
  31. A bacteriophage RNA polymerase transcribes through a Xenopus 5S RNA gene transcription complex without disrupting it.
    Cell. 1986 Feb 14;44(3):381-9 PMID: 3943130
  32. Structural analysis of a triple complex between the histone octamer, a Xenopus gene for 5S RNA and transcription factor IIIA.
    EMBO J. 1985 Dec 16;4(13A):3473-82 PMID: 4092686
  33. The presence of nucleosomes on a DNA template prevents initiation by RNA polymerase II in vitro.
    Cell. 1986 Apr 11;45(1):95-104 PMID: 3955658
  34. Chromatin assembly during SV40 DNA replication in vitro.
    Cell. 1986 May 23;45(4):555-65 PMID: 3011272
  35. Analysis of the RNA structural elements involved in the binding of the transcription factor III A from Xenopus laevis.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Aug 11;14(15):6313-26 PMID: 3748810
  36. DNA replication in vitro erases a Xenopus 5S RNA gene transcription complex.
    Cell. 1986 Oct 24;47(2):217-27 PMID: 3021334
  37. Initiation of DNA replication in nuclei and purified DNA by a cell-free extract of Xenopus eggs.
    Cell. 1986 Nov 21;47(4):577-87 PMID: 3779837
  38. Nuclease hypersensitive regions with adjacent positioned nucleosomes mark the gene boundaries of the PHO5/PHO3 locus in yeast.
    EMBO J. 1986 Oct;5(10):2681-7 PMID: 3023055
  39. Removal of positioned nucleosomes from the yeast PHO5 promoter upon PHO5 induction releases additional upstream activating DNA elements.
    EMBO J. 1986 Oct;5(10):2689-96 PMID: 3536481
  40. The 5S gene internal control region is composed of three distinct sequence elements, organized as two functional domains with variable spacing.
    Cell. 1987 Jan 16;48(1):91-100 PMID: 3791417
  41. A model for the interaction of nucleic acids with transcription factor IIIA.
    FEBS Lett. 1987 Jun 15;217(2):197-202 PMID: 3595851
  42. Transcription complexes for various class III genes differ in parameters of formation and stability towards salt.
    J Mol Biol. 1987 Jan 20;193(2):303-13 PMID: 3599075
  43. Periodic DNA synthesis in cell-free extracts of Xenopus eggs.
    EMBO J. 1987 Jul;6(7):2003-10 PMID: 3653080
  44. Binding of transcription factor TFIID to the major late promoter during in vitro nucleosome assembly potentiates subsequent initiation by RNA polymerase II.
    Cell. 1987 Nov 20;51(4):613-22 PMID: 3677170
  45. Differential 5S RNA gene expression in vitro.
    Cell. 1987 Dec 4;51(5):733-40 PMID: 3677171
  46. Two complexes that contain histones are required for nucleosome assembly in vitro: role of nucleoplasmin and N1 in Xenopus egg extracts.
    Cell. 1987 Dec 24;51(6):1009-18 PMID: 3690659
  47. Assembly of spaced chromatin promoted by DNA synthesis in extracts from Xenopus eggs.
    EMBO J. 1988 Mar;7(3):665-72 PMID: 3396538
  48. Transcription fraction TFIIIC can regulate differential Xenopus 5S RNA gene transcription in vitro.
    EMBO J. 1988 Apr;7(4):1071-9 PMID: 3402432
  49. Depletion of histone H4 and nucleosomes activates the PHO5 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    EMBO J. 1988 Jul;7(7):2221-8 PMID: 3046934
  50. Developmental regulation of two 5S ribosomal RNA genes.
    Science. 1988 Sep 23;241(4873):1626-32 PMID: 3420414
  51. Transcriptional regulation by the immediate early protein of pseudorabies virus during in vitro nucleosome assembly.
    Cell. 1988 Oct 21;55(2):211-9 PMID: 2844412
  52. Characterization of the repressed 5S DNA minichromosomes assembled in vitro with a high-speed supernatant of Xenopus laevis oocytes.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Oct;8(10):4257-69 PMID: 3185548
  53. Nucleosome loss activates yeast downstream promoters in vivo.
    Cell. 1988 Dec 23;55(6):1137-45 PMID: 2849508
  54. Identification of cellular proteins required for simian virus 40 DNA replication.
    J Biol Chem. 1989 Feb 15;264(5):2801-9 PMID: 2536723
  55. Transcriptional activation of Xenopus class III genes in chromatin isolated from sperm and somatic nuclei.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Jan 25;17(2):767-80 PMID: 2915929
  56. A protein-protein interaction is essential for stable complex formation on a 5 S RNA gene.
    J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 15;264(11):6009-12 PMID: 2703476
  57. Assembly of spaced chromatin involvement of ATP and DNA topoisomerase activity.
    EMBO J. 1988 Dec 20;7(13):4355-65 PMID: 2854062
  58. Dominant and specific repression of Xenopus oocyte 5S RNA genes and satellite I DNA by histone H1.
    EMBO J. 1989 Feb;8(2):527-37 PMID: 2721490
  59. Nucleosomes inhibit both transcriptional initiation and elongation by RNA polymerase III in vitro.
    EMBO J. 1989 Aug;8(8):2343-51 PMID: 2792088
  60. Molecular cloning and sequencing of OAX DNA: an abundant gene family transcribed and activated in Xenopus oocytes.
    EMBO J. 1983;2(8):1417-22 PMID: 10872339
  61. Multiple forms of deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase in Xenopus laevis. Isolation and partial characterization.
    J Biol Chem. 1974 Jan 10;249(1):241-8 PMID: 4855626
  62. Folding of the DNA double helix in chromatin-like structures from simian virus 40.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 May;72(5):1843-7 PMID: 168578
  63. The organization of histones and DNA in chromatin: evidence for an arginine-rich histone kernel.
    Cell. 1976 Jul;8(3):333-47 PMID: 986252
  64. Action of micrococcal nuclease on chromatin and the location of histone H1.
    J Mol Biol. 1977 Jan 25;109(3):393-404 PMID: 833849
  65. Preferential association of newly synthesized H3 and H4 histones with newly replicated DNA.
    J Biochem. 1978 Oct;84(4):985-8 PMID: 711710
  66. Eucaryotic DNA: organization of the genome for replication.
    Cell. 1978 Oct;15(2):317-25 PMID: 719745
  67. A nuclear extract of Xenopus laevis oocytes that accurately transcribes 5S RNA genes.
    Cell. 1978 Nov;15(3):1077-86 PMID: 569551
  68. A control region in the center of the 5S RNA gene directs specific initiation of transcription: I. The 5' border of the region.
    Cell. 1980 Jan;19(1):13-25 PMID: 7357599
  69. Specific interaction of a purified transcription factor with an internal control region of 5S RNA genes.
    Cell. 1980 Mar;19(3):717-28 PMID: 6153931
  70. Multiple factors involved in the transcription of class III genes in Xenopus laevis.
    J Biol Chem. 1982 Nov 10;257(21):12979-86 PMID: 7130190
Article Info
Journal
The EMBO journal
Abbr.
EMBO J
ISSN
0261-4189
Published
1990-02-00
Pages
573-82
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
8208664
PMCID
PMC551703
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2