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PMID: 20098459 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Physiological and pathological roles for microRNAs in the immune system.

Nature reviews. Immunology ·Vol. 10 ·No. 2 ·2010-02-00 ·Pages 111-22

O'Connell RM, Rao DS, Chaudhuri AA, Baltimore D

Abstract

Mammalian microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been identified as important regulators of gene expression, and they function by repressing specific target genes at the post-transcriptional level. Now, studies of miRNAs are resolving some unsolved issues in immunology. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs have unique expression profiles in cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems and have pivotal roles in the regulation of both cell development and function. Furthermore, when miRNAs are aberrantly expressed they can contribute to pathological conditions involving the immune system, such as cancer and autoimmunity; they have also been shown to be useful as diagnostic and prognostic indicators of disease type and severity. This Review discusses recent advances in our understanding of both the intended functions of miRNAs in managing immune cell biology and their pathological roles when their expression is dysregulated.

MeSH Terms
Adaptive Immunity/immunology Animals Autoimmune Diseases/immunology Cell Differentiation Humans Immune System Immunity, Innate/immunology MicroRNAs/immunology Myeloid Cells/immunology Neoplasms/immunology
Chemicals
MicroRNAs
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
O'Connell Ryan M
Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, 330 Braun, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.
Rao Dinesh S
Chaudhuri Aadel A
Baltimore David
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Article Info
Journal
Nature reviews. Immunology
Abbr.
Nat Rev Immunol
ISSN
1474-1741
DOI
10.1038/nri2708
Published
2010-02-00
Pages
111-22
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
101124169
Subset
IM
Grants
NCI NIH HHS · K08 CA133521 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · 1K08CA133521 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · K08 CA133521-01A1 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · L30 CA116228 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · L30 CA116228-03 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1038/nri2708 View journal details
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