Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 19330875 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Practice Guideline

Diagnosis, management, and treatment of hepatitis C: an update.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) ·Vol. 49 ·No. 4 ·2009-04-00 ·Pages 1335-74

Ghany MG, Strader DB, Thomas DL, Seeff LB, American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases

Abstract

暂无摘要

MeSH Terms
Biopsy Counseling Drug Users Hepatitis C/complications,diagnosis,therapy Humans Interferon alpha-2 Interferon-alpha/therapeutic use Liver/pathology Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosis,etiology Mental Disorders/complications Polyethylene Glycols/therapeutic use Recombinant Proteins Retreatment Ribavirin/therapeutic use Treatment Failure
Chemicals
Interferon alpha-2 Interferon-alpha Recombinant Proteins Polyethylene Glycols Ribavirin peginterferon alfa-2b peginterferon alfa-2a
Authors & Affiliations
5 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Ghany Marc G
Department of Health and Human Services, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Strader Doris B
Thomas David L
Seeff Leonard B
American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
Investigators
18 investigators, click to expand
Shuhart Margaret C
Davis Gary L
Bambha Kiran
Cardenas Andres
Davern Timothy J
Franco José
Han Steven-Huy B
Harrison Stephen A
Howell Charles D
Ling Simon C
Liu Lawrence U
Martin Paul
O'Shea Robert S
Reau Nancy
Runyon Bruce A
Talwalkar Jayant A
Wong John B
Yim Colina
References (413)
413 references, click to expand
  1. Peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin for 16 or 24 weeks in HCV genotype 2 or 3.
    N Engl J Med. 2007 Jul 12;357(2):124-34 PMID: 17625124
  2. An inventory for measuring depression.
    Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961 Jun;4:561-71 PMID: 13688369
  3. Antiviral therapy of patients with decompensated cirrhosis to prevent recurrence of hepatitis C after liver transplantation.
    J Hepatol. 2003 Sep;39(3):389-96 PMID: 12927925
  4. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus in African Americans with genotypes 2 and 3.
    Am J Gastroenterol. 2007 Apr;102(4):761-6 PMID: 17319933
  5. Multicenter study on hepatitis C virus-related cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis.
    Am J Kidney Dis. 2007 Jan;49(1):69-82 PMID: 17185147
  6. A short course of pegylated interferon-alpha in acute HCV hepatitis.
    J Viral Hepat. 2007 Feb;14(2):116-21 PMID: 17244251
  7. HCV-related advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis: randomized controlled trial of pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin.
    J Viral Hepat. 2006 Nov;13(11):762-9 PMID: 17052276
  8. Sustained virological response rates and health-related quality of life after interferon and ribavirin therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection and persistently normal alanine aminotransferase levels.
    Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Mar 15;23(6):777-85 PMID: 16556180
  9. Pathology of chronic hepatitis C in children: liver biopsy findings in the Peds-C Trial.
    Hepatology. 2008 Mar;47(3):836-43 PMID: 18167062
  10. Interferon alfa-2a therapy in cryoglobulinemia associated with hepatitis C virus.
    N Engl J Med. 1994 Mar 17;330(11):751-6 PMID: 8107741
  11. Treatment of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation: a pilot study of peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin combination.
    J Hepatol. 2004 Apr;40(4):669-74 PMID: 15030984
  12. PEGylated interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin treatment in patients with hepatitis C virus-related systemic vasculitis.
    Arthritis Rheum. 2005 Mar;52(3):911-5 PMID: 15751068
  13. Pharmacokinetics of alphaIFN-2b in chronic hepatitis C virus patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis or with normal renal function: clinical implications.
    J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998 Dec;9(12):2344-8 PMID: 9848789
  14. The kidney is the main site of interferon degradation.
    J Interferon Res. 1982;2(2):301-8 PMID: 7119510
  15. Hepatitis activity index is a key factor in determining the natural history of chronic hepatitis C.
    Hum Pathol. 2001 Sep;32(9):904-9 PMID: 11567218
  16. Recombinant interferon-alfa therapy in children with chronic hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 1995 Dec;22(6):1623-7 PMID: 7489965
  17. Prognosis of anti-hepatitis C virus antibody-positive patients on regular hemodialysis therapy.
    J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000 Oct;11(10):1896-1902 PMID: 11004221
  18. End-stage renal disease and hepatitis C infection: comparison of alanine aminotransferase levels and liver histology in patients with and without renal damage.
    Ann Hepatol. 2007 Jan-Mar;6(1):48-54 PMID: 17297429
  19. Complementary and alternative medicine in chronic liver disease.
    Hepatology. 2001 Sep;34(3):595-603 PMID: 11526548
  20. Pathogenesis, natural history, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis C.
    Ann Intern Med. 2000 Feb 15;132(4):296-305 PMID: 10681285
  21. Testing for hepatitis C virus infection should be routine for persons at increased risk for infection.
    Ann Intern Med. 2004 Nov 2;141(9):715-7 PMID: 15520428
  22. Association of hepatitis C with posttransplant diabetes in renal transplant patients on tacrolimus.
    J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002 May;13(5):1374-80 PMID: 11961026
  23. Treating hepatitis C in methadone maintenance patients: an interim analysis.
    Drug Alcohol Depend. 2002 Jul 1;67(2):117-23 PMID: 12095661
  24. Peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin for 12 vs. 24 weeks in HCV genotype 2 or 3.
    N Engl J Med. 2005 Jun 23;352(25):2609-17 PMID: 15972867
  25. Hepatotoxicity associated with antiretroviral therapy in adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus and the role of hepatitis C or B virus infection.
    JAMA. 2000 Jan 5;283(1):74-80 PMID: 10632283
  26. Increased mitochondrial toxicity with ribavirin in HIV/HCV coinfection.
    Lancet. 2001 Jan 27;357(9252):280-1 PMID: 11214134
  27. Risk of hepatitis C seroconversion after occupational exposures in health care workers. Italian Study Group on Occupational Risk of HIV and Other Bloodborne Infections.
    Am J Infect Control. 1995 Oct;23(5):273-7 PMID: 8585637
  28. Psychiatric complications of long-term interferon alfa therapy.
    Arch Intern Med. 1987 Sep;147(9):1577-80 PMID: 3307672
  29. Hepatitis C virus infection. American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Infectious Diseases.
    Pediatrics. 1998 Mar;101(3 Pt 1):481-5 PMID: 9499195
  30. Recommendations for preventing transmission of infections among chronic hemodialysis patients.
    MMWR Recomm Rep. 2001 Apr 27;50(RR-5):1-43 PMID: 11349873
  31. When and how to treat acute hepatitis C?
    J Hepatol. 2003 Dec;39(6):1056-62 PMID: 14642626
  32. A SELF-RATING DEPRESSION SCALE.
    Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1965 Jan;12:63-70 PMID: 14221692
  33. Hepatitis C infection in patients undergoing liver retransplantation.
    Transplantation. 1998 Dec 27;66(12):1612-6 PMID: 9884247
  34. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C patients with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase levels with the combination of peginterferon alpha-2a (40 kDa) plus ribavirin: impact on health-related quality of life.
    J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Feb;21(2):406-12 PMID: 16509866
  35. Is it justifiable to withhold treatment for hepatitis C from illicit-drug users?
    N Engl J Med. 2001 Jul 19;345(3):211-5 PMID: 11463019
  36. Peginterferon alfa-2b therapy in acute hepatitis C: impact of onset of therapy on sustained virologic response.
    Gastroenterology. 2006 Mar;130(3):632-8 PMID: 16530503
  37. Prolonged therapy of advanced chronic hepatitis C with low-dose peginterferon.
    N Engl J Med. 2008 Dec 4;359(23):2429-41 PMID: 19052125
  38. The burden of hepatitis C in the United States.
    Hepatology. 2002 Nov;36(5 Suppl 1):S30-4 PMID: 12407574
  39. Diagnostic discordance for hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis patients.
    Am J Kidney Dis. 2005 Aug;46(2):290-300 PMID: 16112048
  40. Treatment with peg-interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin of hepatitis C virus-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia: a pilot study.
    J Hepatol. 2005 May;42(5):632-8 PMID: 15826710
  41. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection in childhood: clinical patterns and evolution in 224 white children.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2003 Feb 1;36(3):275-80 PMID: 12539067
  42. Persistence of viremia and the importance of long-term follow-up after acute hepatitis C infection.
    Hepatology. 1999 Mar;29(3):908-14 PMID: 10051497
  43. Treatment of advanced hepatitis C with a low accelerating dosage regimen of antiviral therapy.
    Hepatology. 2005 Aug;42(2):255-62 PMID: 16025497
  44. Meta-analysis: interferon for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in dialysis patients.
    Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Dec;18(11-12):1071-81 PMID: 14653826
  45. The declining risk of post-transfusion hepatitis C virus infection.
    N Engl J Med. 1992 Aug 6;327(6):369-73 PMID: 1320736
  46. Pretreatment symptoms and dosing regimen predict side-effects of interferon therapy for hepatitis C.
    J Viral Hepat. 2000 May;7(3):211-7 PMID: 10849263
  47. Hepatitis C status of heart transplant recipients.
    Clin Transplant. 1998 Feb;12(1):5-10 PMID: 9541416
  48. Human immunodeficiency virus infection as risk factor for mother-to-child hepatitis C virus transmission; persistence of anti-hepatitis C virus in children is associated with the mother's anti-hepatitis C virus immunoblotting pattern.
    Hepatology. 1995 Feb;21(2):328-32 PMID: 7843701
  49. Effects of drugs on 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydrothymidine phosphorylation in vitro.
    Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997 Jun;41(6):1231-6 PMID: 9174176
  50. Antiviral therapy for hepatitis C virus--associated mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis: a long-term followup study.
    Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Nov;54(11):3696-706 PMID: 17075881
  51. Independent and additive effect modification of hepatitis C and B viruses infection on the development of chronic hepatitis.
    J Hepatol. 1996 Mar;24(3):271-6 PMID: 8778192
  52. Recurrent glomerulonephritis following renal transplantation: an update.
    Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003 Jul;18(7):1260-5 PMID: 12808159
  53. Do we still need a liver biopsy? Are the serum fibrosis tests ready for prime time?
    Clin Liver Dis. 2006 Aug;10(3):513-34, viii PMID: 17162226
  54. Five-year follow-up of hepatitis C-naïve heart transplant recipients who received hepatitis C-positive donor hearts.
    Transplant Proc. 2003 Jun;35(4):1536-8 PMID: 12826214
  55. Use of complementary and alternative medicine in patients with liver disease.
    Am J Gastroenterol. 2002 Sep;97(9):2391-7 PMID: 12358262
  56. Long-term follow-up of the hepatitis C HENCORE cohort: response to therapy and occurrence of liver-related complications.
    J Viral Hepat. 2007 Aug;14(8):556-63 PMID: 17650289
  57. Molecular diagnostics of hepatitis C virus infection: a systematic review.
    JAMA. 2007 Feb 21;297(7):724-32 PMID: 17312292
  58. Efficacy and tolerance of interferon-alpha in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in end-stage renal disease patients on hemodialysis.
    Liver Int. 2006 Apr;26(3):305-10 PMID: 16584392
  59. Non-A, non-B hepatitis in children: a clinical, histologic, and serologic study.
    J Med Virol. 1991 Sep;35(1):1-6 PMID: 1658219
  60. Infrequent reinfection after successful treatment for hepatitis C virus infection in injection drug users.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Nov 15;39(10):1540-3 PMID: 15546094
  61. Human immunodeficiency virus infection, anemia, and survival.
    Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jul;29(1):44-9 PMID: 10433563
  62. Hepatitis C and renal disease: an update.
    Am J Kidney Dis. 2003 Oct;42(4):631-57 PMID: 14520615
  63. Interferon alfa-2b in combination with ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in children: efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics.
    Hepatology. 2005 Nov;42(5):1010-8 PMID: 16250032
  64. Survival and recurrence of hepatitis C after liver transplantation in patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus.
    Hepatology. 2008 Feb;47(2):407-17 PMID: 18098295
  65. The natural history of chronic hepatitis C infection.
    Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1996 Apr;8(4):324-8 PMID: 8781898
  66. Adherence and mental side effects during hepatitis C treatment with interferon alfa and ribavirin in psychiatric risk groups.
    Hepatology. 2003 Feb;37(2):443-51 PMID: 12540795
  67. Interferon alfa-2b [correction of alpha-2b]and ribavirin for patients with chronic hepatitis C and normal ALT.
    Am J Gastroenterol. 2004 Sep;99(9):1700-5 PMID: 15330905
  68. Hepatitis C virus-related cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis: long-term remission after antiviral therapy.
    Kidney Int. 2003 Jun;63(6):2236-41 PMID: 12753313
  69. Updated definitions of healthy ranges for serum alanine aminotransferase levels.
    Ann Intern Med. 2002 Jul 2;137(1):1-10 PMID: 12093239
  70. Hepatitis C-positive donors in heart transplantation.
    Am J Transplant. 2002 May;2(5):443-7 PMID: 12123210
  71. Prevalence and clinical outcome of hepatitis C infection in children who underwent cardiac surgery before the implementation of blood-donor screening.
    N Engl J Med. 1999 Sep 16;341(12):866-70 PMID: 10498458
  72. Protection against persistence of hepatitis C.
    Lancet. 2002 Apr 27;359(9316):1478-83 PMID: 11988247
  73. The clinical pharmacology of ribavirin.
    Semin Liver Dis. 1999;19 Suppl 1:17-24 PMID: 10349689
  74. Clinical management of HCV carriers with normal aminotransferase levels.
    Dig Liver Dis. 2003 May;35(5):362-9 PMID: 12846410
  75. Hepatitis C treatment in "difficult-to-treat" psychiatric patients with pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin: response and psychiatric side effects.
    Hepatology. 2007 Oct;46(4):991-8 PMID: 17668880
  76. Interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C in hemodialysis patients: increased serum levels of interferon.
    Nephron. 1998 Sep;80(1):51-6 PMID: 9730703
  77. Efficacy of 24 weeks treatment with peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C infected with genotype 1 and low pretreatment viremia.
    J Hepatol. 2006 Jan;44(1):97-103 PMID: 16290907
  78. Clinical outcomes after transfusion-associated hepatitis C.
    N Engl J Med. 1995 Jun 1;332(22):1463-6 PMID: 7739682
  79. Liver biopsy.
    Hepatology. 2009 Mar;49(3):1017-44 PMID: 19243014
  80. Interferon-alpha for prophylaxis of recurrent viral hepatitis C in liver transplant recipients: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.
    Transplantation. 1998 Jan 15;65(1):82-6 PMID: 9448149
  81. Spontaneous clearance of childhood hepatitis C virus infection.
    J Viral Hepat. 2007 Nov;14(11):797-805 PMID: 17927616
  82. Fibrosis progression in initially mild chronic hepatitis C.
    J Viral Hepat. 2006 May;13(5):297-302 PMID: 16637859
  83. High-dose interferon-alpha2b treatment prevents chronicity in acute hepatitis C: a pilot study.
    Dig Dis Sci. 1996 Dec;41(12 Suppl):81S-85S PMID: 9011481
  84. Epidemiology of hepatitis C in the East.
    Semin Liver Dis. 1995 Feb;15(1):15-32 PMID: 7597442
  85. Peginterferon alfa-2a for hepatitis C after liver transplantation: two randomized, controlled trials.
    Hepatology. 2005 Feb;41(2):289-98 PMID: 15660392
  86. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators.
    N Engl J Med. 1998 Mar 26;338(13):853-60 PMID: 9516219
  87. Natural history of clinically compensated hepatitis C virus-related graft cirrhosis after liver transplantation.
    Hepatology. 2000 Oct;32(4 Pt 1):852-8 PMID: 11003634
  88. Interferon-alpha may exacerbate cryoblobulinemia-related ischemic manifestations: an adverse effect potentially related to its anti-angiogenic activity.
    Arthritis Rheum. 1999 May;42(5):1051-5 PMID: 10323463
  89. Hepatitis C Virus prevalence among patients infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: a cross-sectional analysis of the US adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2002 Mar 15;34(6):831-7 PMID: 11833007
  90. Morbidity and mortality in compensated cirrhosis type C: a retrospective follow-up study of 384 patients.
    Gastroenterology. 1997 Feb;112(2):463-72 PMID: 9024300
  91. The risk of transfusion-transmitted viral infections. The Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study.
    N Engl J Med. 1996 Jun 27;334(26):1685-90 PMID: 8637512
  92. Outcomes after lung transplantation in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
    J Heart Lung Transplant. 2007 May;26(5):466-71 PMID: 17449415
  93. Neutropenia during combination therapy of interferon alfa and ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 2002 Nov;36(5):1273-9 PMID: 12395340
  94. Natural history of liver fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C. The OBSVIRC, METAVIR, CLINIVIR, and DOSVIRC groups.
    Lancet. 1997 Mar 22;349(9055):825-32 PMID: 9121257
  95. Relapses of chronic hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients who responded to interferon therapy. Hepatitis/HIV Spanish Study Group.
    AIDS. 1997 Mar;11(3):400-1 PMID: 9147443
  96. Patterns of improvement after methadone treatment: 1 year follow-up results from the National Treatment Outcome Research Study.
    Drug Alcohol Depend. 2000 Nov 1;60(3):275-86 PMID: 11053762
  97. Eltrombopag for thrombocytopenia in patients with cirrhosis associated with hepatitis C.
    N Engl J Med. 2007 Nov 29;357(22):2227-36 PMID: 18046027
  98. Fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C correlates significantly with body mass index and steatosis.
    Hepatology. 1999 Apr;29(4):1215-9 PMID: 10094967
  99. Lack of interference between ribavirin and nucleosidic analogues in HIV/HCV co-infected individuals undergoing concomitant antiretroviral and anti-HCV combination therapy.
    AIDS. 2000 Aug 18;14(12):1857-8 PMID: 10985327
  100. Early identification of HCV genotype 1 patients responding to 24 weeks peginterferon alpha-2a (40 kd)/ribavirin therapy.
    Hepatology. 2006 May;43(5):954-60 PMID: 16628671
  101. Effects of interferon treatment on liver histology and allograft rejection in patients with recurrent hepatitis C following liver transplantation.
    Liver Transpl. 2004 Jul;10(7):850-8 PMID: 15237368
  102. Development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C who had a sustained virological response to interferon therapy: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of 1124 patients.
    Liver Int. 2007 Mar;27(2):186-91 PMID: 17311612
  103. Standardization of hepatitis C virus RNA quantification.
    Hepatology. 2000 Sep;32(3):654-9 PMID: 10960464
  104. An algorithm for the grading of activity in chronic hepatitis C. The METAVIR Cooperative Study Group.
    Hepatology. 1996 Aug;24(2):289-93 PMID: 8690394
  105. Pharmacokinetics of peginterferons.
    Semin Liver Dis. 2003;23 Suppl 1:23-8 PMID: 12934165
  106. Renal filtration, absorption and catabolism of human alpha interferon.
    J Interferon Res. 1981;1(3):347-52 PMID: 6180066
  107. Pilot study of pegylated interferon-alpha 2a in dialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
    Nephrology (Carlton). 2007 Feb;12(1):11-7 PMID: 17295655
  108. Role of liver biopsy in the management of chronic liver disease: selective rather than routine.
    Rev Gastroenterol Disord. 2005 Fall;5(4):195-205 PMID: 16369215
  109. Peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in patients with hepatitis C virus and decompensated cirrhosis: a controlled study.
    J Hepatol. 2007 Feb;46(2):206-12 PMID: 17125876
  110. Acute viral hepatitis increases liver stiffness values measured by transient elastography.
    Hepatology. 2008 Feb;47(2):380-4 PMID: 18095306
  111. Peginterferon-alfa2a plus ribavirin for 48 versus 72 weeks in patients with detectable hepatitis C virus RNA at week 4 of treatment.
    Gastroenterology. 2006 Aug;131(2):451-60 PMID: 16890599
  112. Practices of liver biopsy in France: results of a prospective nationwide survey. For the Group of Epidemiology of the French Association for the Study of the Liver (AFEF).
    Hepatology. 2000 Sep;32(3):477-81 PMID: 10960438
  113. Role of breast-feeding in transmission of hepatitis C virus to infants of HCV-infected mothers.
    J Hepatol. 1998 Aug;29(2):191-7 PMID: 9722199
  114. Contribution of obesity to hepatitis C-related fibrosis progression.
    Am J Gastroenterol. 2002 Sep;97(9):2408-14 PMID: 12358265
  115. Guidelines for laboratory testing and result reporting of antibody to hepatitis C virus. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
    MMWR Recomm Rep. 2003 Feb 7;52(RR-3):1-13, 15; quiz CE1-4 PMID: 12585742
  116. Sampling error and intraobserver variation in liver biopsy in patients with chronic HCV infection.
    Am J Gastroenterol. 2002 Oct;97(10):2614-8 PMID: 12385448
  117. Course and outcome of hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 2002 Nov;36(5 Suppl 1):S21-9 PMID: 12407573
  118. Sustained virologic response and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis C and advanced fibrosis.
    Ann Intern Med. 2007 Nov 20;147(10):677-84 PMID: 18025443
  119. Hepatitis C virus genotypes and viral concentrations in participants of a general population survey in the United States.
    Gastroenterology. 2006 Aug;131(2):478-84 PMID: 16890602
  120. Alpha-interferon with ribavirin in the treatment of hemodialysis patients with hepatitis C.
    Transplant Proc. 2004 Jul-Aug;36(6):1831-4 PMID: 15350490
  121. Changing epidemiologic pattern of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in Italian children.
    J Pediatr. 1998 Sep;133(3):378-81 PMID: 9738720
  122. Recurrent and acquired hepatitis C viral infection in liver transplant recipients.
    Gastroenterology. 1992 Jul;103(1):317-22 PMID: 1377143
  123. The long-term pathological evolution of chronic hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 1996 Jun;23(6):1334-40 PMID: 8675148
  124. Cryptogenic chronic liver disease and hepatitis C virus infection in children.
    J Hepatol. 1992 May;15(1-2):73-6 PMID: 1324275
  125. Analysis of safety and efficacy of pegylated-interferon alpha-2a in hepatitis C virus positive hemodialysis patients: results from a large, multicenter audit.
    J Nephrol. 2006 Nov-Dec;19(6):794-801 PMID: 17173254
  126. Evolution of the HALT-C Trial: pegylated interferon as maintenance therapy for chronic hepatitis C in previous interferon nonresponders.
    Control Clin Trials. 2004 Oct;25(5):472-92 PMID: 15465617
  127. Loss of antibodies against hepatitis C virus in HIV-seropositive intravenous drug users.
    AIDS. 1990 Dec;4(12):1275-7 PMID: 1965126
  128. Pegylated interferon plus ribavirin for recurrent Hepatitis C infection after liver transplantation in naïve and non-responder patients on a stable immunosuppressive regimen.
    Dig Liver Dis. 2006 Jan;38(1):27-32 PMID: 16311084
  129. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 with peginterferon, ribavirin, and epoetin alpha.
    Hepatology. 2007 Aug;46(2):371-9 PMID: 17559152
  130. Natural history of perinatal hepatitis C virus infection.
    Clin Infect Dis. 1996 Jul;23(1):47-50 PMID: 8816128
  131. Decreased serum aminotransferase activity in patients with chronic renal failure: impact on the detection of viral hepatitis.
    Am J Kidney Dis. 2001 Nov;38(5):1009-15 PMID: 11684554
  132. Liver damage in hemodialysis patients with hepatitis C virus viremia: a prospective 10-year study.
    Dig Dis Sci. 2000 Nov;45(11):2221-8 PMID: 11215743
  133. Histopathological features of hepatitis C in renal transplant candidates [see comment].
    Transplantation. 2000 Apr 15;69(7):1479-84 PMID: 10798774
  134. Natural history of hepatitis C.
    Clin Liver Dis. 2005 Aug;9(3):383-98, vi PMID: 16023972
  135. Recurrent glomerulonephritis after kidney transplantation.
    Am J Transplant. 2006 Nov;6(11):2535-42 PMID: 16939521
  136. Hepatic iron concentration as a predictor of response to interferon alfa therapy in chronic hepatitis C.
    Gastroenterology. 1995 Apr;108(4):1104-9 PMID: 7698578
  137. Pegylated interferon and ribavirin treatment for hepatitis C in haemodialysis patients.
    J Viral Hepat. 2006 May;13(5):316-21 PMID: 16637862
  138. Prospective study on anti-hepatitis C virus-positive patients with persistently normal serum alanine transaminase with or without detectable serum hepatitis C virus RNA.
    Hepatology. 2001 Nov;34(5):1000-5 PMID: 11679971
  139. Global challenges in liver disease.
    Hepatology. 2006 Sep;44(3):521-6 PMID: 16941687
  140. Pegylated interferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin in patients with genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C: The role of rapid and early virologic response.
    Hepatology. 2007 Dec;46(6):1732-40 PMID: 17943989
  141. Acute hepatitis C: high rate of both spontaneous and treatment-induced viral clearance.
    Gastroenterology. 2003 Jul;125(1):80-8 PMID: 12851873
  142. Long-term impact of hepatitis B, C virus infection on renal transplantation.
    Am J Nephrol. 2001 Jul-Aug;21(4):300-6 PMID: 11509802
  143. Impact of alcohol on the histological and clinical progression of hepatitis C infection.
    Hepatology. 1998 Sep;28(3):805-9 PMID: 9731576
  144. Effect of coexisting HIV-1 infection on the diagnosis and evaluation of hepatitis C virus.
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2001 Apr 1;26(4):340-4 PMID: 11317075
  145. Cyclosporine suppresses hepatitis C virus in vitro and increases the chance of a sustained virological response after liver transplantation.
    Liver Transpl. 2006 Jan;12(1):51-7 PMID: 16382464
  146. Pegylated interferon alfa-2a and ribavirin for recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation.
    Transplant Proc. 2005 Dec;37(10):4403-5 PMID: 16387131
  147. Is alanine aminotransferase a good marker of histologic hepatic damage in renal transplant patients with hepatitis C virus infection?
    Clin Transplant. 2005 Oct;19(5):622-5 PMID: 16146553
  148. Meta-analysis: a randomized trial of peginterferon plus ribavirin for the initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 4.
    Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004 Nov 1;20(9):931-8 PMID: 15521839
  149. Hepatotoxicity of antiretroviral drugs is reduced after successful treatment of chronic hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients.
    J Infect Dis. 2007 Sep 1;196(5):670-6 PMID: 17674307
  150. A 10-year experience of liver transplantation for hepatitis C: analysis of factors determining outcome in over 500 patients.
    Ann Surg. 2001 Sep;234(3):384-93; discussion 393-4 PMID: 11524591
  151. Liver-related deaths in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: the D:A:D study.
    Arch Intern Med. 2006 Aug 14-28;166(15):1632-41 PMID: 16908797
  152. Histopathologic efficacy of ribavirin monotherapy in kidney allograft recipients with chronic hepatitis C.
    Transplantation. 2004 Sep 27;78(6):853-7 PMID: 15385804
  153. Iron reduction before and during interferon therapy of chronic hepatitis C: results of a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial.
    Hepatology. 2000 Mar;31(3):730-6 PMID: 10706565
  154. Pegylated-interferon alpha 2a treatment for chronic hepatitis C in patients on chronic haemodialysis.
    World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Jul 14;12(26):4191-4 PMID: 16830372
  155. Histological grading and staging of chronic hepatitis.
    J Hepatol. 1995 Jun;22(6):696-9 PMID: 7560864
  156. Screening for depressive symptoms among HCV-infected injection drug users: examination of the utility of the CES-D and the Beck Depression Inventory.
    J Urban Health. 2004 Jun;81(2):278-90 PMID: 15136661
  157. Safety and efficacy of interferon-ribavirin combination therapy in HCV-HIV coinfected subjects: an early report.
    Gut. 2000 Nov;47(5):694-7 PMID: 11034587
  158. Prospective evaluation of community-acquired acute-phase hepatitis C virus infection.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Apr 1;40(7):951-8 PMID: 15824985
  159. Lack of mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus in human immunodeficiency virus-seronegative women: a prospective study with hepatitis C virus RNA testing.
    Hepatology. 1993 May;17(5):772-7 PMID: 7684017
  160. A randomized study comparing ribavirin and interferon alfa monotherapy for hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation.
    Hepatology. 1998 May;27(5):1403-7 PMID: 9581698
  161. Shaving as potential source of hepatitis C virus infection.
    Lancet. 1995 Mar 11;345(8950):658 PMID: 7898216
  162. Peginterferon Alfa-2a plus ribavirin versus interferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C in HIV-coinfected persons.
    N Engl J Med. 2004 Jul 29;351(5):451-9 PMID: 15282352
  163. Treatment of hepatitis C infection in injection drug users.
    Hepatology. 2001 Jul;34(1):188-93 PMID: 11431750
  164. Treatment of acute hepatitis C with interferon alfa-2b.
    N Engl J Med. 2001 Nov 15;345(20):1452-7 PMID: 11794193
  165. Diagnosis and monitoring of hepatic injury. I. Performance characteristics of laboratory tests.
    Clin Chem. 2000 Dec;46(12):2027-49 PMID: 11106349
  166. Impact of the recurrence of hepatitis C virus infection after liver transplantation on the long-term viability of the graft.
    Transplantation. 2002 Jan 15;73(1):56-63 PMID: 11792978
  167. Chronic hepatitis C in children: the pathological and clinical spectrum.
    Gastroenterology. 1998 Dec;115(6):1525-9 PMID: 9834281
  168. Preemptive therapy for hepatitis C virus after living-donor liver transplantation.
    Transplantation. 2004 Nov 15;78(9):1308-11 PMID: 15548968
  169. Diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation: a French multicentre observational study.
    Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007 Jul;22(7):1986-93 PMID: 17400559
  170. Hepatitis virus infections in heart transplant recipients: epidemiology, natural history, characteristics, and impact on survival.
    Gastroenterology. 2000 Oct;119(4):1064-74 PMID: 11040193
  171. Clinical outcomes after hepatitis C infection from contaminated anti-D immune globulin. Irish Hepatology Research Group.
    N Engl J Med. 1999 Apr 22;340(16):1228-33 PMID: 10210705
  172. Safety of interferon and ribavirin therapy in haemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C: results of a pilot study.
    Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001 Jan;16(1):193-5 PMID: 11209032
  173. Clinical spectrum and histopathologic features of chronic hepatitis C infection in children.
    J Pediatr. 2007 Feb;150(2):168-74, 174.e1 PMID: 17236895
  174. Classification of chronic viral hepatitis: a need for reassessment.
    J Hepatol. 1991 Nov;13(3):372-4 PMID: 1808228
  175. Hepatitis C and hemodialysis: a review.
    Braz J Infect Dis. 2005 Aug;9(4):269-75 PMID: 16270117
  176. Moderate alcohol intake increases fibrosis progression in untreated patients with hepatitis C virus infection.
    J Viral Hepat. 2002 May;9(3):235-41 PMID: 12010513
  177. Efficacy of antiviral therapy on hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation: a randomized controlled study.
    Gastroenterology. 2007 May;132(5):1746-56 PMID: 17484872
  178. Neuropsychiatric adverse effects of interferon-alpha: recognition and management.
    CNS Drugs. 2005;19(2):105-23 PMID: 15697325
  179. Pegylated interferon and ribavirin failures: is retreatment an option?
    Dig Dis Sci. 2007 Mar;52(3):732-6 PMID: 17253142
  180. Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in asymptomatic anti-HIV1 negative pregnant women and their children.
    Dig Dis Sci. 1993 Dec;38(12):2151-5 PMID: 8261814
  181. Treatment of hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) after renal transplantation: implications for HCV-positive dialysis patients awaiting a kidney transplant.
    Transplantation. 2006 Oct 15;82(7):853-6 PMID: 17038897
  182. Low frequency of cirrhosis in a hepatitis C (genotype 1b) single-source outbreak in germany: a 20-year multicenter study.
    Hepatology. 2000 Jul;32(1):91-6 PMID: 10869294
  183. A randomized study on Peg-interferon alfa-2a with or without ribavirin in liver transplant recipients with recurrent hepatitis C.
    J Hepatol. 2007 Jun;46(6):1009-17 PMID: 17328985
  184. Platelet dysfunction and end-stage renal disease.
    Semin Dial. 2006 Jul-Aug;19(4):317-22 PMID: 16893410
  185. Prevention of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation with early interferon and ribavirin treatment.
    Transplant Proc. 2001 Feb-Mar;33(1-2):1355-7 PMID: 11267325
  186. Treatment of hepatitis C-virus-related glomerulonephritis.
    Kidney Int. 2006 Feb;69(3):436-9 PMID: 16514428
  187. Effect of treatment with peginterferon or interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin on steatosis in patients infected with hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 2003 Jul;38(1):75-85 PMID: 12829989
  188. Hepatitis C virus infection acquired in childhood.
    Eur J Pediatr. 2008 Feb;167(2):219-24 PMID: 17464514
  189. Randomized trial of pegylated interferon alpha-2b monotherapy in haemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C.
    Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006 Feb;21(2):437-43 PMID: 16234288
  190. Surveillance for acute viral hepatitis--United States, 2005.
    MMWR Surveill Summ. 2007 Mar 16;56(3):1-24 PMID: 17363893
  191. Sustained virological response to interferon-alpha is associated with improved outcome in HCV-related cirrhosis: a retrospective study.
    Hepatology. 2007 Mar;45(3):579-87 PMID: 17326216
  192. Infrequent vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus.
    J Infect Dis. 1993 Mar;167(3):572-6 PMID: 8382718
  193. Successful treatment of hepatitis C after kidney transplantation with combined interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin.
    J Hepatol. 2003 Nov;39(5):875-8 PMID: 14568274
  194. Clinical course and risk factors of hepatitis C virus related liver disease in the general population: report from the Dionysos study.
    Gut. 1999 Jun;44(6):874-80 PMID: 10323892
  195. A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change.
    Br J Psychiatry. 1979 Apr;134:382-9 PMID: 444788
  196. Hepatitis C and pregnancy.
    Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2006 Oct;61(10):666-72 PMID: 16978426
  197. Screening for hepatitis C virus in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals.
    J Clin Microbiol. 2000 Feb;38(2):575-7 PMID: 10655348
  198. Peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in blacks and non-Hispanic whites.
    N Engl J Med. 2004 May 27;350(22):2265-71 PMID: 15163776
  199. HCV-related fibrosis progression following liver transplantation: increase in recent years.
    J Hepatol. 2000 Apr;32(4):673-84 PMID: 10782918
  200. Chronic hepatitis C in patients with persistently normal alanine transaminase levels.
    Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 May;4(5):645-52 PMID: 16630770
  201. Treatment of dialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C using pegylated interferon and low-dose ribavirin.
    Int J Artif Organs. 2008 Apr;31(4):295-302 PMID: 18432584
  202. Comparison of mortality in all patients on dialysis, patients on dialysis awaiting transplantation, and recipients of a first cadaveric transplant.
    N Engl J Med. 1999 Dec 2;341(23):1725-30 PMID: 10580071
  203. Hepatitis C in chronic kidney disease: predialysis patients present more severe histological liver injury than hemodialysis patients?
    Am J Nephrol. 2007;27(2):191-6 PMID: 17356254
  204. Outcome after liver re-transplantation in patients with recurrent chronic hepatitis C.
    Transpl Int. 2007 Sep;20(9):771-8 PMID: 17617179
  205. Peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C who have failed prior treatment.
    Gastroenterology. 2004 Apr;126(4):1015-23; discussion 947 PMID: 15057741
  206. Nosocomial transmission of HCV in the liver unit of a tertiary care center.
    Hepatology. 2005 Jan;41(1):115-22 PMID: 15619236
  207. Dose-dependent and genotype-independent sustained virological response of a 12 week pegylated interferon alpha-2b treatment for acute hepatitis C.
    J Antimicrob Chemother. 2006 Feb;57(2):360-3 PMID: 16396921
  208. Pegylated interferon alfa-2b vs standard interferon alfa-2b, plus ribavirin, for chronic hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients: a randomized controlled trial.
    JAMA. 2004 Dec 15;292(23):2839-48 PMID: 15598915
  209. Patterns of hepatitis C prevalence and seroconversion in hemodialysis units from three continents: the DOPPS.
    Kidney Int. 2004 Jun;65(6):2335-42 PMID: 15149347
  210. Effects of mode of delivery and infant feeding on the risk of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis C virus. European Paediatric Hepatitis C Virus Network.
    BJOG. 2001 Apr;108(4):371-7 PMID: 11305543
  211. Fibrosis and disease progression in hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 2002 Nov;36(5 Suppl 1):S47-56 PMID: 12407576
  212. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference: management of hepatitis C: 2002.
    Hepatology. 2002 Nov;36(5 Suppl 1):S1-2 PMID: 12407571
  213. Recommendations for prevention and control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and HCV-related chronic disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
    MMWR Recomm Rep. 1998 Oct 16;47(RR-19):1-39 PMID: 9790221
  214. Report of the monothematic EASL conference on liver transplantation for viral hepatitis (Paris, France, January 12-14, 2006).
    J Hepatol. 2006 Jul;45(1):127-43 PMID: 16723165
  215. Tattoos and body piercings in the United States: a national data set.
    J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Sep;55(3):413-21 PMID: 16908345
  216. Consensus proposals for a unified system of nomenclature of hepatitis C virus genotypes.
    Hepatology. 2005 Oct;42(4):962-73 PMID: 16149085
  217. Interferon-alpha and ribavirin treatment of hepatitis C in children with malignancy in remission.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Mar;30(3):585-6 PMID: 10722449
  218. Recurrent hepatitis C genotype 1b following liver transplantation: treatment with combination interferon-ribavirin therapy.
    Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Nov;16(11):1207-12 PMID: 15489583
  219. Interferon-alpha 2b plus ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C after liver transplantation: a randomized study.
    Gastroenterology. 2003 Mar;124(3):642-50 PMID: 12612903
  220. Accuracy of HCV-RNA PCR tests for diagnosis or exclusion of vertically acquired HCV infection.
    J Med Virol. 2006 Feb;78(2):305-10 PMID: 16372293
  221. Post-transplant diabetes mellitus and HCV seropositive status after renal transplantation: meta-analysis of clinical studies.
    Am J Transplant. 2005 Oct;5(10):2433-40 PMID: 16162192
  222. Hepatitis C virus RNA kinetics during the initial 12 weeks treatment with pegylated interferon-alpha 2a and ribavirin according to virological response.
    J Viral Hepat. 2005 Sep;12(5):473-80 PMID: 16108761
  223. The impact of barriers to hepatitis C virus treatment in recovering heroin users maintained on methadone.
    J Subst Abuse Treat. 2005 Oct;29(3):159-65 PMID: 16183464
  224. Interferon and ribavirin treatment in patients with hepatitis C-associated renal disease and renal insufficiency.
    Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003 Aug;18(8):1573-80 PMID: 12897097
  225. Impact of decreased serum transaminase levels on the evaluation of viral hepatitis in hemodialysis patients.
    Nephron. 1995;69(4):459-65 PMID: 7777113
  226. Interferon-alpha in patients with asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
    Ann Intern Med. 1990 Jun 1;112(11):805-11 PMID: 1971503
  227. Relationship of cosmetic procedures and drug use to hepatitis C and hepatitis B virus infections in a low-risk population.
    Hepatology. 2006 Aug;44(2):341-51 PMID: 16871571
  228. High dosage alpha-interferon for treatment of children and young adults with chronic hepatitis C disease.
    Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1997 Nov;16(11):1049-53 PMID: 9384338
  229. Peginterferon Alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-infected patients.
    N Engl J Med. 2004 Jul 29;351(5):438-50 PMID: 15282351
  230. A prospective evaluation of fibrosis progression in patients with recurrent hepatitis C virus following liver transplantation.
    Liver Transpl. 2007 Jul;13(7):975-83 PMID: 17600360
  231. Interferon alpha 2b and ribavirin for the treatment of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation: cohort study of 38 patients.
    J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 Feb;20(2):198-203 PMID: 15683421
  232. Determination of hepatitis C virus genotype by direct sequence analysis of products generated with the Amplicor HCV test.
    J Clin Microbiol. 1999 Aug;37(8):2625-30 PMID: 10405412
  233. Effect of morphine, hydromorphone, methadone, mescaline, trypan blue, vitamin A, sodium salicylate, and caffeine on the serum interferon level in response to viral infection.
    Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1975 Apr;214(2):322-7 PMID: 50766
  234. Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial.
    Hepatology. 2008 Feb;47(2):605-12 PMID: 18157835
  235. Higher rate of sustained virologic response in chronic hepatitis C genotype 6 treated with 48 weeks versus 24 weeks of peginterferon plus ribavirin.
    Am J Gastroenterol. 2008 May;103(5):1131-5 PMID: 18477343
  236. Treatment of hepatitis C in potential lung transplant candidates.
    Transplantation. 2007 Jun 27;83(12):1652-5 PMID: 17589352
  237. Hepatitis and HIV infection during haemodialysis.
    J Indian Med Assoc. 2001 Apr;99(4):194-9, 203, 213 PMID: 11666025
  238. Hepatitis C infection, time in renal-replacement therapy, and outcome after kidney transplantation.
    Transplantation. 2004 Sep 15;78(5):745-50 PMID: 15371680
  239. ESRD patient mortality with adjustment for comorbid conditions in Lombardy (Italy) versus the United States.
    Kidney Int. 1996 Sep;50(3):1013-8 PMID: 8872978
  240. Pegylated interferon and ribavirin for the recurrence of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 in transplant patients.
    Transplant Proc. 2005 Nov;37(9):3963-4 PMID: 16386597
  241. Progression of type C chronic hepatitis to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma--its relationship to alcohol drinking and the age of transfusion.
    Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1996 Feb;20(1 Suppl):95A-100A PMID: 8659701
  242. Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for treatment of HIV/HCV co-infected patients.
    AIDS. 2004 Sep 3;18(13):F27-36 PMID: 15316335
  243. Interferon monotherapy for dialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C: an analysis of the literature on efficacy and safety.
    Am J Gastroenterol. 2003 Jul;98(7):1610-5 PMID: 12873587
  244. Impact of hepatic steatosis on viral kinetics and treatment outcome during antiviral treatment of chronic HCV infection.
    J Viral Hepat. 2007 Jan;14(1):29-35 PMID: 17212641
  245. Tattoos and body piercings as indicators of adolescent risk-taking behaviors.
    Pediatrics. 2002 Jun;109(6):1021-7 PMID: 12042538
  246. Treatment of hepatitis C virus with interferon in hemodialysis patients awaiting kidney transplant.
    Transplant Proc. 2005 Apr;37(3):1424-5 PMID: 15866624
  247. Peginterferon-alpha2a and ribavirin combination therapy in chronic hepatitis C: a randomized study of treatment duration and ribavirin dose.
    Ann Intern Med. 2004 Mar 2;140(5):346-55 PMID: 14996676
  248. Effect of baseline CD4 cell count on the efficacy and safety of peginterferon Alfa-2a (40KD) plus ribavirin in patients with HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfection.
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2008 Jan 1;47(1):36-49 PMID: 18156990
  249. Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomised trial.
    Lancet. 2001 Sep 22;358(9286):958-65 PMID: 11583749
  250. Cost-effectiveness of hematologic growth factors for anemia occurring during hepatitis C combination therapy.
    Hepatology. 2006 Dec;44(6):1598-606 PMID: 17133490
  251. Baseline CD4 cell count and outcome of pegylated interferon plus ribavirin therapy in HIV/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients.
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2008 Jan 1;47(1):50-5 PMID: 18156991
  252. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with recombinant interferon alpha in kidney transplant recipients.
    Transplantation. 1995 May 27;59(10):1426-31 PMID: 7770930
  253. Noninvasive measures of liver fibrosis.
    Hepatology. 2006 Feb;43(2 Suppl 1):S113-20 PMID: 16447288
  254. Assessment of fibrosis progression in untreated irish women with chronic hepatitis C contracted from immunoglobulin anti-D.
    Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Oct;4(10):1271-7 PMID: 16901770
  255. Universal precautions prevent hepatitis C virus transmission: a 54 month follow-up of the Belgian Multicenter Study. The Universitaires Cliniques St-Luc (UCL) Collaborative Group.
    Kidney Int. 1998 Apr;53(4):1022-5 PMID: 9551413
  256. Transient elastography is unreliable for detection of cirrhosis in patients with acute liver damage.
    Hepatology. 2008 Feb;47(2):592-5 PMID: 18098325
  257. Effect of alcohol consumption on serum hepatitis C virus RNA and histological lesions in chronic hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 1998 Jun;27(6):1717-22 PMID: 9620348
  258. NAT of the United States and Canadian blood supply.
    Transfusion. 2000 Oct;40(10):1165-8 PMID: 11061850
  259. Natural history of hepatitis C virus carriers with persistently normal aminotransferase levels.
    Gastroenterology. 2000 Apr;118(4):760-4 PMID: 10734027
  260. Long term histological improvement and clearance of intrahepatic hepatitis C virus RNA following sustained response to interferon-ribavirin combination therapy in liver transplanted patients with hepatitis C virus recurrence.
    Gut. 2003 Feb;52(2):283-7 PMID: 12524414
  261. Watchful waiting with periodic liver biopsy versus immediate empirical therapy for histologically mild chronic hepatitis C. A cost-effectiveness analysis.
    Ann Intern Med. 2000 Nov 7;133(9):665-75 PMID: 11074899
  262. Establishment of the first international standard for nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT) assays for HCV RNA. WHO Collaborative Study Group.
    Vox Sang. 1999;76(3):149-58 PMID: 10341329
  263. Infection with chronic hepatitis C virus and liver transplantation: a role for interferon therapy before transplantation.
    Liver Transpl. 2003 Sep;9(9):905-15 PMID: 12942451
  264. Sustained virologic response to therapy of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation is related to early virologic response and dose adherence.
    Liver Transpl. 2007 Aug;13(8):1100-8 PMID: 17377914
  265. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection in renal transplant: treatment and outcome.
    Clin Transplant. 2006 Nov-Dec;20(6):677-83 PMID: 17100715
  266. Chronic hepatitis. An update on terminology and reporting.
    Am J Surg Pathol. 1995 Dec;19(12):1409-17 PMID: 7503362
  267. Uremic bleeding: pathogenesis and therapy.
    Am J Med Sci. 1998 Aug;316(2):94-104 PMID: 9704663
  268. Treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavarin in HCV infection with genotype 2 or 3 for 14 weeks: a pilot study.
    Hepatology. 2004 Dec;40(6):1260-5 PMID: 15558712
  269. Molecular diagnosis of viral hepatitis.
    Gastroenterology. 2002 May;122(6):1554-68 PMID: 12016423
  270. Interferon-alpha in combination with ribavirin as initial treatment for hepatitis C virus-associated cryoglobulinemic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.
    Am J Kidney Dis. 2001 Dec;38(6):E35 PMID: 11728995
  271. Prevalence of hepatitis C-related cirrhosis in elderly Asian patients infected in childhood.
    Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 Sep;3(9):910-7 PMID: 16234030
  272. Outcomes of acute rejection after interferon therapy in liver transplant recipients.
    Liver Transpl. 2004 Jul;10(7):859-67 PMID: 15237369
  273. A survey of adverse events in 11,241 patients with chronic viral hepatitis treated with alfa interferon.
    J Hepatol. 1996 Jan;24(1):38-47 PMID: 8834023
  274. Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin treatment in children and adolescents with chronic hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 2005 May;41(5):1013-8 PMID: 15793840
  275. Efficacy and tolerability of pegylated-interferon alpha-2a in hemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C.
    J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Mar;21(3):575-80 PMID: 16638102
  276. Reconstruction of the hepatitis C virus epidemic in the US hemophilia population, 1940-1990.
    Am J Epidemiol. 2007 Jun 15;165(12):1443-53 PMID: 17379617
  277. A randomised study of peginterferon and ribavirin for 16 versus 24 weeks in patients with genotype 2 chronic hepatitis C.
    Gut. 2007 Apr;56(4):553-9 PMID: 16956917
  278. Peginterferon-alpha-2a (40KD) and ribavirin for 16 or 24 weeks in patients with genotype 2 or 3 chronic hepatitis C.
    Gastroenterology. 2005 Aug;129(2):522-7 PMID: 16083709
  279. The impact of steatosis on disease progression and early and sustained treatment response in chronic hepatitis C patients.
    J Hepatol. 2004 Mar;40(3):484-90 PMID: 15123364
  280. National Kidney Foundation practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification.
    Ann Intern Med. 2003 Jul 15;139(2):137-47 PMID: 12859163
  281. Routes of infection, viremia, and liver disease in blood donors found to have hepatitis C virus infection.
    N Engl J Med. 1996 Jun 27;334(26):1691-6 PMID: 8637513
  282. Influence of human immunodeficiency virus infection on the course of hepatitis C virus infection: a meta-analysis.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2001 Aug 15;33(4):562-9 PMID: 11462196
  283. KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hepatitis C in chronic kidney disease.
    Kidney Int Suppl. 2008 Apr;(109):S1-99 PMID: 18382440
  284. Fibrosis progression after liver transplantation in patients with recurrent hepatitis C.
    J Hepatol. 2004 Nov;41(5):830-6 PMID: 15519657
  285. Mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus.
    Ann Intern Med. 1992 Dec 1;117(11):887-90 PMID: 1332562
  286. The effect of uremia on platelet contractile force, clot elastic modulus and bleeding time in hemodialysis patients.
    Thromb Res. 2007;119(6):723-9 PMID: 16793120
  287. Extended treatment duration for hepatitis C virus type 1: comparing 48 versus 72 weeks of peginterferon-alfa-2a plus ribavirin.
    Gastroenterology. 2006 Apr;130(4):1086-97 PMID: 16618403
  288. Pegylated interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in the retreatment of interferon-ribavirin nonresponder patients.
    Gastroenterology. 2006 Apr;130(4):1098-106 PMID: 16618404
  289. Efficacy and tolerance of interferon-alpha(2b) in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in haemodialysis patients. Pre- and post-renal transplantation assessment.
    Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1999 Nov;14(11):2704-9 PMID: 10534516
  290. Chronic hepatitis C with normal aminotransferase levels.
    Gastroenterology. 2004 May;126(5):1409-15 PMID: 15131801
  291. Children with hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 2002 Nov;36(5 Suppl 1):S173-8 PMID: 12407591
  292. Does the healthy hepatitis C virus carrier state really exist? An analysis using polymerase chain reaction.
    Hepatology. 1995 Aug;22(2):413-7 PMID: 7635408
  293. Intrahepatic hepatitis C virus replication is increased in patients with regular alcohol consumption.
    Dig Liver Dis. 2001 Nov;33(8):698-702 PMID: 11785717
  294. Hepatitis C transmission by cosmetic tattooing in women.
    Lancet. 1996 Feb 24;347(9000):541 PMID: 8596286
  295. Natural history of hepatitis B and C in renal allograft recipients.
    Transplantation. 2005 May 15;79(9):1132-6 PMID: 15880056
  296. Interferon alpha for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Hepatitis-HIV Spanish Study Group.
    Clin Infect Dis. 1996 Sep;23(3):585-91 PMID: 8879784
  297. The neuroimmunology of stress and depression.
    Semin Clin Neuropsychiatry. 2001 Oct;6(4):277-94 PMID: 11607923
  298. Absence of infection in breast-fed infants born to hepatitis C virus-infected mothers.
    J Pediatr. 1995 Apr;126(4):589-91 PMID: 7535353
  299. Hepatitis C in children: a quaternary referral center perspective.
    J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2006 Aug;43(2):209-16 PMID: 16877987
  300. Risk factors for perinatal transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and the natural history of HCV infection acquired in infancy.
    J Infect Dis. 2005 Dec 1;192(11):1880-9 PMID: 16267758
  301. High-dose ribavirin in combination with standard dose peginterferon for treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 2005 Feb;41(2):275-9 PMID: 15660393
  302. Donor hepatitis-C seropositivity is an independent risk factor for the development of accelerated coronary vasculopathy and predicts outcome after cardiac transplantation.
    J Heart Lung Transplant. 2004 Mar;23(3):277-83 PMID: 15019636
  303. Pegylated interferon-alpha2b: pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and preliminary efficacy data. Hepatitis C Intervention Therapy Group.
    Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Nov;68(5):556-67 PMID: 11103758
  304. Low-positive anti-hepatitis C virus enzyme immunoassay results: an important predictor of low likelihood of hepatitis C infection.
    Clin Chem. 2003 Mar;49(3):479-86 PMID: 12600961
  305. What strategy should be used for diagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection in clinical laboratories?
    Hepatology. 1998 Jun;27(6):1700-2 PMID: 9620345
  306. National surveillance of dialysis-associated diseases in the United States, 1997.
    Semin Dial. 2000 Mar-Apr;13(2):75-85 PMID: 10795109
  307. Hepatitis C virus-related cryoglobulinemia and glomerulonephritis: pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.
    Ann Ital Med Int. 2005 Apr-Jun;20(2):71-80 PMID: 16052839
  308. Treatment of patients with recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation with peginterferon alfa-2B plus ribavirin.
    Transplantation. 2006 Jul 15;82(1):43-7 PMID: 16861940
  309. Short-term interferon-alfa therapy for acute hepatitis C: a randomized controlled trial.
    Hepatology. 2004 May;39(5):1213-9 PMID: 15122749
  310. Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune hepatitis.
    Hepatology. 2002 Aug;36(2):479-97 PMID: 12143059
  311. Treatment of HCV in patients with renal failure.
    Arch Med Res. 2007 Aug;38(6):628-33 PMID: 17613354
  312. Treatment with daily consensus interferon (CIFN) plus ribavirin in non-responder patients with chronic hepatitis C: a randomized open-label pilot study.
    J Hepatol. 2006 Feb;44(2):291-301 PMID: 16360972
  313. The relationship of acute transfusion-associated hepatitis to the development of cirrhosis in the presence of alcohol abuse.
    Ann Intern Med. 2001 Jan 16;134(2):120-4 PMID: 11177315
  314. Transmission of hepatitis C virus from mothers to infants. The Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus Collaborative Study Group.
    N Engl J Med. 1994 Mar 17;330(11):744-50 PMID: 8107740
  315. Sensitivity and specificity of third-generation hepatitis C virus antibody detection assays: an analysis of the literature.
    J Viral Hepat. 2001 Mar;8(2):87-95 PMID: 11264728
  316. Herbal hepatotoxicity.
    Clin Liver Dis. 2007 Aug;11(3):577-96, vii PMID: 17723921
  317. Zidovudine use but not weight-based ribavirin dosing impacts anaemia during HCV treatment in HIV-infected persons.
    J Viral Hepat. 2006 Oct;13(10):683-9 PMID: 16970600
  318. Chronic viral hepatitis in hemodialysis patients.
    Hemodial Int. 2005 Apr;9(2):169-79 PMID: 16191066
  319. Sexual activity as a risk factor for hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 2002 Nov;36(5 Suppl 1):S99-105 PMID: 12407582
  320. Cryoglobulinemia related to hepatitis C virus infection.
    Dig Dis Sci. 2007 Apr;52(4):897-907 PMID: 17380399
  321. Steatosis: co-factor in other liver diseases.
    Hepatology. 2005 Jul;42(1):5-13 PMID: 15962320
  322. Liver fibrosis progression in human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus coinfected patients. The Multivirc Group.
    Hepatology. 1999 Oct;30(4):1054-8 PMID: 10498659
  323. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremia in human immunodeficiency virus-seronegative and -seropositive patients with indeterminate HCV recombinant immunoblot assay.
    J Infect Dis. 1994 Aug;170(2):433-5 PMID: 7518489
  324. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 1999 through 2002.
    Ann Intern Med. 2006 May 16;144(10):705-14 PMID: 16702586
  325. A pilot study of the tolerability and efficacy of antiviral therapy in hepatitis C virus-infected patients awaiting liver transplantation.
    Liver Transpl. 2002 Apr;8(4):350-5 PMID: 11965579
  326. Transient elastography: a new noninvasive method for assessment of hepatic fibrosis.
    Ultrasound Med Biol. 2003 Dec;29(12):1705-13 PMID: 14698338
  327. Response to interferon therapy in children with chronic hepatitis C.
    J Pediatr. 1995 Oct;127(4):660-2 PMID: 7562297
  328. Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in urban children.
    J Pediatr. 2003 Jul;143(1):54-9 PMID: 12915824
  329. De novo membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in hepatitis C virus-infected renal allograft recipients.
    Transplantation. 1995 Jun 27;59(12):1676-82 PMID: 7541575
  330. Long-term outcome of liver transplants for chronic hepatitis C: a 10-year follow-up.
    Transplantation. 2004 Jan 27;77(2):226-31 PMID: 14742986
  331. Outcome in a hepatitis C (genotype 1b) single source outbreak in Germany--a 25-year multicenter study.
    J Hepatol. 2005 Oct;43(4):590-8 PMID: 16237783
  332. The management of HCV infected pregnant women and their children European paediatric HCV network.
    J Hepatol. 2005 Sep;43(3):515-25 PMID: 16144064
  333. Responding to organ failure in HIV-infected patients.
    N Engl J Med. 2003 Jun 5;348(23):2279-81 PMID: 12788990
  334. The efficacy of prophylactic interferon alfa-2b in preventing recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation.
    Hepatology. 1998 Sep;28(3):831-8 PMID: 9731580
  335. Prevalence and clinical course of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and rate of HCV vertical transmission in a cohort of 15,250 pregnant women.
    Hepatology. 2000 Mar;31(3):751-5 PMID: 10706568
  336. The impact of disease recurrence on graft survival following liver transplantation: a single centre experience.
    Transpl Int. 2008 May;21(5):459-65 PMID: 18225996
  337. Prevention of hepatitis A through active or passive immunization: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).
    MMWR Recomm Rep. 1999 Oct 1;48(RR-12):1-37 PMID: 10543657
  338. Peginterferon alfa-2a in patients with chronic hepatitis C and cirrhosis.
    N Engl J Med. 2000 Dec 7;343(23):1673-80 PMID: 11106716
  339. Hepatitis C virus carriers with persistently normal aminotransferase levels: healthy people or true patients?
    Dig Liver Dis. 2000 Oct;32(7):634-43 PMID: 11142566
  340. Single-dose pharmacokinetics and safety of pegylated interferon-alpha2b in patients with chronic renal dysfunction.
    J Clin Pharmacol. 2002 Oct;42(10):1109-15 PMID: 12362925
  341. Combination of interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in liver transplant recipients with histological recurrent hepatitis C.
    Liver Transpl. 2002 Nov;8(11):1000-6 PMID: 12424712
  342. Efficacy, predictors of response, and potential risks associated with antiviral therapy in liver transplant recipients with recurrent hepatitis C.
    Liver Transpl. 2006 Jul;12(7):1067-76 PMID: 16622844
  343. Predicting sustained virological responses in chronic hepatitis C patients treated with peginterferon alfa-2a (40 KD)/ribavirin.
    J Hepatol. 2005 Sep;43(3):425-33 PMID: 15990196
  344. Progressive renal failure and blindness due to retinal hemorrhage after interferon therapy for hepatitis C virus-associated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.
    Intern Med. 2001 Aug;40(8):708-12 PMID: 11518107
  345. Rituximab therapy for de novo mixed cryoglobulinemia in renal transplant patients.
    Transplantation. 2005 Dec 15;80(11):1560-4 PMID: 16371926
  346. Hemodialysis clearance of intravenously administered ribavirin.
    Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1990 Mar;34(3):489-90 PMID: 2334164
  347. Peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
    N Engl J Med. 2002 Sep 26;347(13):975-82 PMID: 12324553
  348. Prevention of spread of hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 2002 Nov;36(5 Suppl 1):S93-8 PMID: 12407581
  349. Recovery, persistence, and sequelae in hepatitis C virus infection: a perspective on long-term outcome.
    Semin Liver Dis. 2000;20(1):17-35 PMID: 10895429
  350. Insulin resistance impairs sustained response rate to peginterferon plus ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C patients.
    Gastroenterology. 2005 Mar;128(3):636-41 PMID: 15765399
  351. Viral kinetics in genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C patients during therapy with 2 different doses of peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin.
    Hepatology. 2002 Apr;35(4):930-6 PMID: 11915041
  352. A case-control study of risk factors for sporadic hepatitis C virus infection in the southwestern United States.
    Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 May;94(5):1341-6 PMID: 10235216
  353. Peginterferon alfa-2b and weight-based or flat-dose ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C patients: a randomized trial.
    Hepatology. 2007 Oct;46(4):971-81 PMID: 17894303
  354. Treatment extension to 72 weeks of peginterferon and ribavirin in hepatitis c genotype 1-infected slow responders.
    Hepatology. 2007 Dec;46(6):1688-94 PMID: 18046717
  355. Are body piercing and tattooing safe fashions?
    Eur J Dermatol. 2006 Sep-Oct;16(5):572-5 PMID: 17101481
  356. Mitochondrial toxic effects and ribavirin.
    Lancet. 2001 Jun 2;357(9270):1803-4 PMID: 11407389
  357. Hepatitis C disease among injection drug users: knowledge, perceived risk and willingness to receive treatment.
    Drug Alcohol Depend. 2001 Feb 1;61(3):211-5 PMID: 11164684
  358. A 24-week course of high-dose interferon-alpha plus ribavirin for Taiwanese chronic hepatitis C patients with persistently normal or near-normal alanine aminotransferase levels.
    Liver Int. 2006 Dec;26(10):1187-95 PMID: 17105583
  359. Persistent hepatitis C viraemia without liver disease.
    Lancet. 1993 Feb 20;341(8843):464-5 PMID: 8094491
  360. Hepatitis C viral infection is associated with fibrillary glomerulonephritis and immunotactoid glomerulopathy.
    J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998 Dec;9(12):2244-52 PMID: 9848778
  361. Recombinant alfa-interferon plus ribavirin therapy in children and adolescents with chronic hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 2002 Nov;36(5):1280-4 PMID: 12395341
  362. Prospective comparison of transient elastography, Fibrotest, APRI, and liver biopsy for the assessment of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C.
    Gastroenterology. 2005 Feb;128(2):343-50 PMID: 15685546
  363. Standardized reporting of clinical practice guidelines: a proposal from the Conference on Guideline Standardization.
    Ann Intern Med. 2003 Sep 16;139(6):493-8 PMID: 13679327
  364. Hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation: Viral and histologic response to full-dose PEG-interferon and ribavirin.
    Am J Transplant. 2006 Oct;6(10):2348-55 PMID: 16869810
  365. Liver biopsy in the evaluation of patients with chronic hepatitis C who have repeatedly normal or near-normal serum alanine aminotransferase levels.
    Am J Med. 2000 Jul;109(1):62-4 PMID: 10936480
  366. Independent and combined action of hepatitis C virus infection and alcohol consumption on the risk of symptomatic liver cirrhosis.
    Hepatology. 1998 Apr;27(4):914-9 PMID: 9537428
  367. Estimating the future health burden of chronic hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus infections in the United States.
    J Viral Hepat. 2007 Feb;14(2):107-15 PMID: 17244250
  368. Risk factors for hepatic decompensation in patients with HIV/HCV coinfection and liver cirrhosis during interferon-based therapy.
    AIDS. 2004 Sep 3;18(13):F21-5 PMID: 15316334
  369. A randomized trial of pegylated interferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin in the retreatment of chronic hepatitis C.
    Am J Gastroenterol. 2005 Nov;100(11):2453-62 PMID: 16279900
  370. Steatosis affects chronic hepatitis C progression in a genotype specific way.
    Gut. 2004 Mar;53(3):406-12 PMID: 14960525
  371. Natural history of chronic hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 2002 Nov;36(5 Suppl 1):S35-46 PMID: 12407575
  372. Epoetin alfa improves quality of life in anemic HCV-infected patients receiving combination therapy.
    Hepatology. 2004 Dec;40(6):1450-8 PMID: 15565613
  373. Combined treatment with pegylated interferon (alpha-2b) and ribavirin in the acute phase of hepatitis C virus recurrence after liver transplantation.
    J Hepatol. 2005 Jul;43(1):53-9 PMID: 15876467
  374. Hepatitis C virus-associated fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis after renal transplantation: response to interferon-alpha therapy.
    Transplantation. 1998 Nov 15;66(9):1254-8 PMID: 9825826
  375. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma.
    Hepatology. 2005 Nov;42(5):1208-36 PMID: 16250051
  376. Epoetin alfa maintains ribavirin dose in HCV-infected patients: a prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled study.
    Gastroenterology. 2004 May;126(5):1302-11 PMID: 15131791
  377. The burden of hepatitis C virus infection in children: estimated direct medical costs over a 10-year period.
    J Pediatr. 2006 Mar;148(3):353-8 PMID: 16615966
  378. Peginterferon alfa-2a (40 kd) and ribavirin for black American patients with chronic HCV genotype 1.
    Hepatology. 2004 Jun;39(6):1702-8 PMID: 15185312
  379. Fulminant hepatitis associated with hepatitis A virus superinfection in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
    N Engl J Med. 1998 Jan 29;338(5):286-90 PMID: 9445408
  380. Cancer in patients on dialysis for end-stage renal disease: an international collaborative study.
    Lancet. 1999 Jul 10;354(9173):93-9 PMID: 10408483
  381. The HIV-coinfected patient: managing viral hepatitis.
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007 Jul 1;45 Suppl 2:S36-7 PMID: 17704690
  382. Prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection at an urban Veterans Administration medical center.
    Hepatology. 2001 Dec;34(6):1200-5 PMID: 11732010
  383. Effects of hepatitis C infection and renal transplantation on survival in end-stage renal disease. The New England Organ Bank Hepatitis C Study Group.
    Kidney Int. 1998 May;53(5):1374-81 PMID: 9573555
  384. Classification of chronic hepatitis: diagnosis, grading and staging.
    Hepatology. 1994 Jun;19(6):1513-20 PMID: 8188183
  385. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2006.
    MMWR Recomm Rep. 2006 Aug 4;55(RR-11):1-94 PMID: 16888612
  386. Lack of protective immunity against reinfection with hepatitis C virus.
    Science. 1992 Oct 2;258(5079):135-40 PMID: 1279801
  387. Predictive value of ALT levels for histologic findings in chronic hepatitis C: a European collaborative study.
    Hepatology. 2002 Oct;36(4 Pt 1):973-7 PMID: 12297846
  388. Increasing mortality due to end-stage liver disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2001 Feb 1;32(3):492-7 PMID: 11170959
  389. The role of liver biopsy in chronic hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 2002 Nov;36(5 Suppl 1):S152-60 PMID: 12407589
  390. Neurobehavioral effects of interferon-alpha in cancer patients: phenomenology and paroxetine responsiveness of symptom dimensions.
    Neuropsychopharmacology. 2002 May;26(5):643-52 PMID: 11927189
  391. Hepatocellular carcinoma: recent trends in the United States.
    Gastroenterology. 2004 Nov;127(5 Suppl 1):S27-34 PMID: 15508094
  392. A comprehensive study of the association between hepatitis C virus and glomerulopathy.
    Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002 Feb;17(2):239-45 PMID: 11812873
  393. The liver biopsy in chronic hepatitis C: a view from the other side of the microscope.
    Semin Liver Dis. 2005 Feb;25(1):52-64 PMID: 15731997
  394. Peginterferon alfa-2a (40 kilodaltons) and ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C and normal aminotransferase levels.
    Gastroenterology. 2004 Dec;127(6):1724-32 PMID: 15578510
  395. Beauty treatments and risk of parenterally transmitted hepatitis: results from the hepatitis surveillance system in Italy.
    Scand J Infect Dis. 1995;27(5):441-4 PMID: 8588131
  396. Clinical, histological, and virological features of hepatitis C virus carriers with persistently normal or abnormal alanine transaminase levels.
    Hepatology. 1997 Dec;26(6):1393-8 PMID: 9397976
  397. Increased detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected blood donors by a multiple-antigen HCV enzyme immunoassay.
    Transfusion. 1992 Nov-Dec;32(9):805-13 PMID: 1471243
  398. Venous thromboembolism and mortality associated with recombinant erythropoietin and darbepoetin administration for the treatment of cancer-associated anemia.
    JAMA. 2008 Feb 27;299(8):914-24 PMID: 18314434
  399. Hepatitis C infection and the patient with end-stage renal disease.
    Hepatology. 2002 Jul;36(1):3-10 PMID: 12085342
  400. Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses and human immunodeficiency virus infections in women of reproductive age.
    Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1992 Jul;99(7):598-600 PMID: 1525103
  401. Renal involvement in hepatitis C infection: cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis.
    Kidney Int. 1998 Aug;54(2):650-71 PMID: 9690235
  402. The treatment of chronic hepatitis C with peginterferon alfa-2a (40 kDa) plus ribavirin in haemodialysed patients awaiting renal transplant.
    J Hepatol. 2007 May;46(5):768-74 PMID: 17383045
  403. Efficacy and safety of peginterferon-alpha2b and ribavirin combination therapy in children with chronic hepatitis C infection.
    Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008 Feb;27(2):142-8 PMID: 18174875
  404. A role for hepatitis C virus infection in type II cryoglobulinemia.
    N Engl J Med. 1992 Nov 19;327(21):1490-5 PMID: 1383822
  405. Hepatitis C: the clinical spectrum of the disease.
    J Hepatol. 1999;31 Suppl 1:9-16 PMID: 10622554
  406. Ultralow-dose alpha-interferon plus ribavirin for the treatment of active hepatitis C in renal transplant recipients.
    Transplantation. 2004 Jun 27;77(12):1894-6 PMID: 15223909
  407. Early virologic response to treatment with peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
    Hepatology. 2003 Sep;38(3):645-52 PMID: 12939591
  408. Peginterferon and ribavirin treatment in African American and Caucasian American patients with hepatitis C genotype 1.
    Gastroenterology. 2006 Aug;131(2):470-7 PMID: 16890601
  409. Treatment for hepatitis C virus infection among current injection drug users in Australia.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Apr 15;40 Suppl 5:S325-9 PMID: 15768342
  410. American Gastroenterological Association policy statement on the use of medical practice guidelines by managed care organizations and insurance carriers.
    Gastroenterology. 1995 Mar;108(3):925-6 PMID: 7875497
  411. Response to interferon alpha treatment and disappearance of cryoglobulinaemia in patients infected by hepatitis C virus.
    Gut. 1999 Jul;45(1):122-8 PMID: 10369715
  412. Impact of weight-based ribavirin with peginterferon alfa-2b in African Americans with hepatitis C virus genotype 1.
    Hepatology. 2007 Oct;46(4):982-90 PMID: 17894323
  413. Predictive value of rapid virological response and early virological response on sustained virological response in HCV patients treated with pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin.
    J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007 Jun;22(6):832-6 PMID: 17565637
Article Info
Journal
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)
Abbr.
Hepatology
ISSN
1527-3350
DOI
10.1002/hep.22759
Published
2009-04-00
Pages
1335-74
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8302946
PMCID
PMC7477893
Subset
IM
Grants
Intramural NIH HHS · Z01 DK075009 · United States
Corrections
CommentIn
PMID: 19472312
CommentIn
PMID: 19554545
CommentIn
PMID: 19554546
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1002/hep.22759 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2