Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 1922066 Published · ppublish English Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Id proteins Id1 and Id2 selectively inhibit DNA binding by one class of helix-loop-helix proteins.

Molecular and cellular biology ·Vol. 11 ·No. 11 ·1991-11-00 ·Pages 5603-11

Sun XH, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, Baltimore D

Abstract

The DNA binding activities of some basic region and putative helix-loop-helix (bHLH)-containing transcriptional factors can be inhibited by the Id protein. Because Id contains the HLH motif for dimerization but not the basic amino acid region for DNA binding, heterodimers of Id with bHLH transcriptional factors may not bind to DNA. We have isolated and characterized the gene and cDNA clones for a new Id protein, designated Id2. The Id2 protein contains a helix-loop-helix motif similar to that of the previously described Id protein (referred to here as Id1), but the two proteins are different elsewhere. Id1 and Id2 are encoded by two unlinked genes, as shown by chromosome mapping. The two Id proteins have similar inhibitory activities. They selectively bind to and inhibit the function of one set of bHLH proteins, typified by E2A.E47 and E2B.m3, but not that of the other set, including TFE3, USF, and AP4. The Id proteins also homodimerize poorly. Expression of both Id genes is down-regulated during differentiation in a variety of cell types.

Related Genes
id-1 id-2
MeSH Terms
Amino Acid Sequence Animals Base Sequence Cell Line Chromosome Mapping Crosses, Genetic DNA-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors,genetics,metabolism Female Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 1 Male Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Molecular Sequence Data Muridae Mutagenesis, Site-Directed Oligonucleotides Oligonucleotides, Antisense Protein Biosynthesis Repressor Proteins Restriction Mapping Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid Transcription Factors/metabolism Transcription, Genetic
Chemicals
DNA-Binding Proteins Idb1 protein, mouse Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 1 Oligonucleotides Oligonucleotides, Antisense Repressor Proteins Transcription Factors
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Sun X H
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142.
Copeland N G
Jenkins N A
Baltimore D
References (40)
40 references, click to expand
  1. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463-7 PMID: 271968
  2. Myogenin resides in the nucleus and acquires high affinity for a conserved enhancer element on heterodimerization.
    Genes Dev. 1990 Apr;4(4):582-95 PMID: 2163343
  3. Organization, distribution, and stability of endogenous ecotropic murine leukemia virus DNA sequences in chromosomes of Mus musculus.
    J Virol. 1982 Jul;43(1):26-36 PMID: 6287001
  4. B lineage--specific interactions of an immunoglobulin enhancer with cellular factors in vivo.
    Science. 1985 Jan 11;227(4683):134-40 PMID: 3917574
  5. Continuing rearrangement of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes in a Ha-ras-transformed lymphoid progenitor cell line.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Apr;84(7):1799-803 PMID: 3470759
  6. The human myc gene family.
    Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1986;51 Pt 2:931-41 PMID: 3034500
  7. The achaete-scute gene complex of D. melanogaster: conserved domains in a subset of genes required for neurogenesis and their homology to myc.
    Cell. 1987 Jul 31;50(3):415-24 PMID: 3111716
  8. Expression of a single transfected cDNA converts fibroblasts to myoblasts.
    Cell. 1987 Dec 24;51(6):987-1000 PMID: 3690668
  9. Transcriptional activation domain of the muscle-specific gene-regulatory protein myf5.
    Nature. 1990 Aug 16;346(6285):663-5 PMID: 2385294
  10. The adenovirus major late transcription factor USF is a member of the helix-loop-helix group of regulatory proteins and binds to DNA as a dimer.
    Genes Dev. 1990 Oct;4(10):1730-40 PMID: 2249772
  11. Transcription factor AP-4 contains multiple dimerization domains that regulate dimer specificity.
    Genes Dev. 1990 Oct;4(10):1741-52 PMID: 2123466
  12. Sequence-specific DNA binding by the c-Myc protein.
    Science. 1990 Nov 23;250(4984):1149-51 PMID: 2251503
  13. An inhibitory domain of E12 transcription factor prevents DNA binding in E12 homodimers but not in E12 heterodimers.
    Cell. 1991 Jan 25;64(2):459-70 PMID: 1846322
  14. Identification and applications of repetitive probes for gene mapping in the mouse.
    Genetics. 1991 Jan;127(1):169-79 PMID: 1673105
  15. Enhancer-binding activity of the tal-1 oncoprotein in association with the E47/E12 helix-loop-helix proteins.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Jun;11(6):3037-42 PMID: 2038315
  16. A fibronectin matrix is required for differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells into reticulocytes.
    J Cell Biol. 1987 Dec;105(6 Pt 2):3105-18 PMID: 2961771
  17. Ly1+ PRO-B lymphocyte clones. Phenotype, growth requirements and differentiation in vitro and in vivo.
    EMBO J. 1987 Dec 1;6(12):3687-93 PMID: 3501371
  18. Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase.
    Science. 1988 Jan 29;239(4839):487-91 PMID: 2448875
  19. The leucine zipper: a hypothetical structure common to a new class of DNA binding proteins.
    Science. 1988 Jun 24;240(4860):1759-64 PMID: 3289117
  20. Single-step purification of polypeptides expressed in Escherichia coli as fusions with glutathione S-transferase.
    Gene. 1988 Jul 15;67(1):31-40 PMID: 3047011
  21. The achaete-scute gene complex of Drosophila melanogaster comprises four homologous genes.
    EMBO J. 1988 Aug;7(8):2585-91 PMID: 2461300
  22. daughterless, a Drosophila gene essential for both neurogenesis and sex determination, has sequence similarities to myc and the achaete-scute complex.
    Cell. 1988 Dec 23;55(6):1061-7 PMID: 3203380
  23. Molecular characterization of daughterless, a Drosophila sex determination gene with multiple roles in development.
    Genes Dev. 1988 Dec;2(12A):1666-76 PMID: 2850968
  24. Localization of Evi-2 to chromosome 11: linkage to other proto-oncogene and growth factor loci using interspecific backcross mice.
    Oncogene Res. 1988;2(2):149-65 PMID: 2851124
  25. Myogenin, a factor regulating myogenesis, has a domain homologous to MyoD.
    Cell. 1989 Feb 24;56(4):607-17 PMID: 2537150
  26. A new DNA binding and dimerization motif in immunoglobulin enhancer binding, daughterless, MyoD, and myc proteins.
    Cell. 1989 Mar 10;56(5):777-83 PMID: 2493990
  27. A novel human muscle factor related to but distinct from MyoD1 induces myogenic conversion in 10T1/2 fibroblasts.
    EMBO J. 1989 Mar;8(3):701-9 PMID: 2721498
  28. A gene with homology to the myc similarity region of MyoD1 is expressed during myogenesis and is sufficient to activate the muscle differentiation program.
    Genes Dev. 1989 May;3(5):628-40 PMID: 2473006
  29. Interactions between heterologous helix-loop-helix proteins generate complexes that bind specifically to a common DNA sequence.
    Cell. 1989 Aug 11;58(3):537-44 PMID: 2503252
  30. A new homeobox gene contributes the DNA binding domain of the t(1;19) translocation protein in pre-B ALL.
    Cell. 1990 Feb 23;60(4):547-55 PMID: 1967983
  31. A molecular genetic linkage map of mouse chromosome 13 anchored by the beige (bg) and satin (sa) loci.
    Genomics. 1990 Feb;6(2):341-51 PMID: 2307475
  32. Sequence of the cDNA encoding ITF-2, a positive-acting transcription factor.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Feb 11;18(3):678 PMID: 2308860
  33. The MyoD DNA binding domain contains a recognition code for muscle-specific gene activation.
    Cell. 1990 Mar 9;60(5):733-46 PMID: 2155707
  34. Identification of MRF4: a new member of the muscle regulatory factor gene family.
    Genes Dev. 1989 Dec;3(12B):2050-61 PMID: 2560751
  35. extramacrochaetae, a negative regulator of sensory organ development in Drosophila, defines a new class of helix-loop-helix proteins.
    Cell. 1990 Apr 6;61(1):27-38 PMID: 1690604
  36. The Drosophila extramacrochaetae locus, an antagonist of proneural genes that, like these genes, encodes a helix-loop-helix protein.
    Cell. 1990 Apr 6;61(1):39-48 PMID: 1690605
  37. The protein Id: a negative regulator of helix-loop-helix DNA binding proteins.
    Cell. 1990 Apr 6;61(1):49-59 PMID: 2156629
  38. TFE3: a helix-loop-helix protein that activates transcription through the immunoglobulin enhancer muE3 motif.
    Genes Dev. 1990 Feb;4(2):167-79 PMID: 2338243
  39. Mutations that disrupt DNA binding and dimer formation in the E47 helix-loop-helix protein map to distinct domains.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jun;87(12):4722-6 PMID: 2112746
  40. The induction of differentiation in teratocarcinoma stem cells by retinoic acid.
    Cell. 1978 Oct;15(2):393-403 PMID: 214238
Article Info
Journal
Molecular and cellular biology
Abbr.
Mol Cell Biol
ISSN
0270-7306
DOI
10.1128/mcb.11.11.5603-5611.1991
Published
1991-11-00
Pages
5603-11
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8109087
PMCID
PMC361931
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM 39458 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · N01-CO-74101 · United States
Databases
GENBANK
M64827, S43620, S59371, S59957, S59963, S59966, S59969, S59977, S59984, X59428
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/mcb.11.11.5603-5611.1991 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2