Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone encoding wheat germ agglutinin.

Two sets of synthetic oligonucleotides coding for amino acids in the amino- and carboxyl-terminal portions of wheat germ agglutinin were synthesized and used as hybridization probes to screen cDNA libraries derived from developing embryos of tetraploid wheat. The nucleotide sequence for a cDNA clone recovered from the cDNA library was determined by dideoxynucleotide chain-termination sequencing in vector M13. The amino acid sequence deduced from the DNA sequence indicated that this cDNA clone (pNVR1) encodes isolectin 3 of wheat germ agglutinin. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of clone pNVR1 with published sequences indicates isolectin 3 differs from isolectins 1 and 2 by 10 and 8 amino acid changes, respectively. In addition, the protein encoded by pNVR1 extends 15 amino acids beyond the carboxyl terminus of the published amino acid sequence for isolectins 1 and 2 and includes a potential site for N-linked glycosylation. Utilizing the insert of pNVR1 as a hybridization probe, we have demonstrated that the expression of genes for wheat germ agglutinin is modulated by exogenous abscisic acid. Striking homology is observed between wheat germ agglutinin and chitinase, both of which are proteins that bind chitin.