Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 16453883 Published · ppublish English Journal Article

Positive and negative control of nod gene expression in Rhizobium meliloti is required for optimal nodulation.

The EMBO journal ·Vol. 8 ·No. 5 ·1989-05-00 ·Pages 1331-40

Kondorosi E, Gyuris J, Schmidt J, John M, Duda E, Hoffmann B, Schell J, Kondorosi A

Abstract

We show that expression of common nodulation genes in Rhizobium meliloti is under positive as well as negative control. A repressor protein was found to be involved in the negative control of nod gene expression. Whereas the activator NodD protein binds to the conserved cis-regulatory element (nod-box) required for coordinated regulation of nod genes, the repressor binds to the overlapping nodD1 and nodA promoters, at the RNA polymerase binding site. A model depicting the possible interaction of the plant-derived nod gene inducer (luteolin), the NodD and the repressor with the nod promoter elements is presented. Mutants lacking the repressor exhibited delayed nodulation phenotype, indicating that fine tuning of nod gene expression is required for optimal nodulation of the plant host.

Authors & Affiliations
8 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Kondorosi E
Biological Research Center of Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-6701 Szeged, PO Box 521, Hungary.
Gyuris J
Schmidt J
John M
Duda E
Hoffmann B
Schell J
Kondorosi A
References (36)
36 references, click to expand
  1. Broad host range DNA cloning system for gram-negative bacteria: construction of a gene bank of Rhizobium meliloti.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Dec;77(12):7347-51 PMID: 7012838
  2. Regulation of the Escherichia coli L-arabinose operon studied by gel electrophoresis DNA binding assay.
    J Mol Biol. 1984 Sep 25;178(3):611-28 PMID: 6387154
  3. Conservation of extended promoter regions of nodulation genes in Rhizobium.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Mar;83(6):1757-61 PMID: 16593668
  4. Expression of the nodulation gene nodA in Rhizobium meliloti and localization of the gene product in the cytosol.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(24):9581-5 PMID: 16593791
  5. Rhizobium meliloti nodA and nodB genes are involved in generating compounds that stimulate mitosis of plant cells.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov;85(22):8578-82 PMID: 16593994
  6. A rapid method for the identification of plasmid desoxyribonucleic acid in bacteria.
    Plasmid. 1978 Sep;1(4):584-8 PMID: 107540
  7. Transcription of Escherichia coli ara in vitro. The cyclic AMP receptor protein requirement for PBAD induction that depends on the presence and orientation of the araO2 site.
    J Mol Biol. 1986 Apr 5;188(3):355-67 PMID: 3016284
  8. Transcription of Rhizobium meliloti nodulation genes. Identification of a nodD transcription initiation site in vitro and in vivo.
    J Biol Chem. 1987 May 15;262(14):6849-55 PMID: 3032978
  9. Specific binding of proteins from Rhizobium meliloti cell-free extracts containing NodD to DNA sequences upstream of inducible nodulation genes.
    Genes Dev. 1988 Mar;2(3):282-93 PMID: 3288541
  10. Rhizobium meliloti has three functional copies of the nodD symbiotic regulatory gene.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(23):8558-62 PMID: 3479806
  11. The product of the Drosophila zeste gene binds to specific DNA sequences in white and Ubx.
    EMBO J. 1987 May;6(5):1387-92 PMID: 3608982
  12. A plant flavone, luteolin, induces expression of Rhizobium meliloti nodulation genes.
    Science. 1986 Aug 29;233(4767):977-80 PMID: 3738520
  13. At least two nodD genes are necessary for efficient nodulation of alfalfa by Rhizobium meliloti.
    J Mol Biol. 1986 Oct 5;191(3):411-20 PMID: 3820290
  14. Improved plasmid vectors for the isolation of translational lac gene fusions.
    Gene. 1984 Nov;31(1-3):269-73 PMID: 6098531
  15. Equilibria and kinetics of lac repressor-operator interactions by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Dec 11;9(23):6505-25 PMID: 6275366
  16. Location of nodulation and nitrogen fixation genes on a high molecular weight plasmid of R. meliloti.
    Mol Gen Genet. 1981;184(2):318-25 PMID: 6949000
  17. The nodD gene of Rhizobium leguminosarum is autoregulatory and in the presence of plant exudate induces the nodA,B,C genes.
    EMBO J. 1985 Dec 16;4(13A):3369-73 PMID: 16453650
  18. Host-specific regulation of nodulation genes in Rhizobium is mediated by a plant-signal, interacting with the nodD gene product.
    EMBO J. 1987 Apr;6(4):841-8 PMID: 16453758
  19. Induction of Bradyrhizobium japonicum common nod genes by isoflavones isolated from Glycine max.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(21):7428-32 PMID: 16593884
  20. Extended Region of Nodulation Genes in Rhizobium meliloti 1021. II. Nucleotide Sequence, Transcription Start Sites and Protein Products.
    Genetics. 1987 Oct;117(2):191-201 PMID: 17246400
  21. Mini-Mulac transposons with broad-host-range origins of conjugal transfer and replication designed for gene regulation studies in Rhizobiaceae.
    Gene. 1988;63(1):41-52 PMID: 2838383
  22. DNA sequence of Rhizobium trifolii nodulation genes reveals a reiterated and potentially regulatory sequence preceding nodABC and nodFE.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Apr 11;14(7):2891-903 PMID: 3008100
  23. Nodulation inhibition by Rhizobium leguminosarum multicopy nodABC genes and analysis of early stages of plant infection.
    J Bacteriol. 1986 May;166(2):552-8 PMID: 3009408
  24. Nucleotide sequence of Rhizobium meliloti RCR2011 genes involved in host specificity of nodulation.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Sep 25;14(18):7453-72 PMID: 3020515
  25. Characterization of the Rhizobium leguminosarum genes nodLMN involved in efficient host-specific nodulation.
    Mol Microbiol. 1988 Mar;2(2):173-83 PMID: 3132583
  26. Regulation of nod gene expression in Bradyrhizobium japonicum.
    Mol Gen Genet. 1988 Nov;214(3):420-4 PMID: 3146016
  27. Evidence that DNA involved in the expression of nodulation (nod) genes in Rhizobium binds to the product of the regulatory gene nodD.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Dec 10;15(23):9677-90 PMID: 3320955
  28. Organization, structure and symbiotic function of Rhizobium meliloti nodulation genes determining host specificity for alfalfa.
    Cell. 1986 Aug 1;46(3):335-43 PMID: 3731273
  29. A new symbiotic cluster on the pSym megaplasmid of Rhizobium meliloti 2011 carries a functional fix gene repeat and a nod locus.
    J Bacteriol. 1987 May;169(5):2231-8 PMID: 3571166
  30. Induction of the nodA promoter of Rhizobium leguminosarum Sym plasmid pRL1JI by plant flavanones and flavones.
    J Bacteriol. 1987 Jan;169(1):198-204 PMID: 3539915
  31. Two gene clusters of Rhizobium meliloti code for early essential nodulation functions and a third influences nodulation efficiency.
    J Bacteriol. 1986 Sep;167(3):881-7 PMID: 3745124
  32. Induction of Rhizobium meliloti nodC expression by plant exudate requires nodD.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Oct;82(19):6609-13 PMID: 3931078
  33. High-copy-number derivatives of the plasmid cloning vector pBR322.
    Gene. 1984 Oct;30(1-3):257-60 PMID: 6096220
  34. A general method for site-directed mutagenesis in prokaryotes.
    Nature. 1981 Jan 1;289(5793):85-8 PMID: 6256652
  35. Nucleotide sequence of Rhizobium meliloti nodulation genes.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Dec 21;12(24):9509-24 PMID: 6336331
  36. The Rhizobium leguminosarum nodulation gene nodF encodes a polypeptide similar to acyl-carrier protein and is regulated by nodD plus a factor in pea root exudate.
    EMBO J. 1986 Apr;5(4):647-52 PMID: 16453679
Article Info
Journal
The EMBO journal
Abbr.
EMBO J
ISSN
0261-4189
Published
1989-05-00
Pages
1331-40
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
8208664
PMCID
PMC400959
External Links
PubMed source PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2