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Peroxisome proliferators include hypolipidemic drugs, herbicides, leukotriene antagonists, and plasticizers; this term arises because they induce an increase in the size and number of peroxisomes. Peroxisomes are subcellular organelles found in plants and animals that contain enzymes for respiration and for cholesterol and lipid metabolism. The action of peroxisome proliferators is thought to be mediated via specific receptors, called PPARs, which belong to the steroid hormone receptor superfamily. PPARs affect the expression of target genes involved in cell proliferation, cell differentiation and in immune and inflammation responses. Three closely related subtypes (alpha, beta/delta, and gamma) have been identified. This gene encodes the subtype PPAR-alpha, which is a nuclear transcription factor. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene, although the full-length nature of only two has been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
[中文简述(自动翻译):]  过氧化物酶体增殖包括降血脂药物,除草剂,白三烯拮抗剂,和增塑剂;这个术语产生是因为它们诱导的尺寸和过氧化物酶体数目的增加。过氧化物酶体是在包含酶为呼吸和用于胆固醇和脂类代谢的植物和动物中发现亚细胞器。过氧化物酶体增殖的作用被认为是通过特定的受体,称为PPARs的,它属于类固醇激素受体超家族来介导。 PPARs的影响参与细胞增殖,细胞分化和免疫和炎症应答的靶基因的表达。三个密切相关的亚型(α,β/三角洲和γ)已经确定。该基因编码的亚型的PPAR-α,它是一个核转录因子。多个可变剪接转录物变体已被用于这个基因说明,但只有两个全长性质已确定。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
PPARA基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
PPARA基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Hypertensive disease | 0.213006804 | 10 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_RGD |
| Reperfusion Injury | 0.2 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_RGD |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent | 0.154342429 | 44 | 4 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
| Obesity | 0.144441038 | 37 | 1 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
| Dyslipidemias | 0.132234747 | 28 | 1 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
| Fatty Liver | 0.1312586 | 17 | 1 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
| Inflammation | 0.125091382 | 3 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
| Insulin Resistance | 0.124734064 | 4 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD |
| Hyperlipidemia | 0.124538567 | 10 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD |
| Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease | 0.12434307 | 16 | 4 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Dermatitis, Atopic | 0.123810118 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
| Cardiomegaly | 0.12272435 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_LHGDN |
| Kidney Failure, Chronic | 0.12272435 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_LHGDN |
| Prostatic Neoplasms | 0.12272435 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_LHGDN |
| Hypertriglyceridemia | 0.122367032 | 2 | 0 | CTD_human_GAD |
| Liver neoplasms | 0.121628651 | 7 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis | 0.120542884 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Hepatomegaly | 0.120542884 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Kidney Diseases | 0.120542884 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Fatty Liver, Alcoholic | 0.120271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Acute Kidney Tubular Necrosis | 0.120271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Myopathy | 0.120271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Crohn Disease | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental | 0.12 | 3 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Hyperlipoproteinemias | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Hypoglycemia | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Animal Mammary Neoplasms | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Myocardial Reperfusion Injury | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Proteinuria | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Adverse reaction to drug | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Drug-Induced Liver Injury | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Abdominal obesity metabolic syndrome | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Diabetic Cardiomyopathies | 0.082367032 | 2 | 0 | GAD_RGD |
| Hydrocephalus | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
| Periodontitis | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
| Hypertensive Encephalopathy | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
| hypertensive nephropathy | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
| Coronary Arteriosclerosis | 0.021379233 | 15 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
| Atherosclerosis | 0.020345666 | 24 | 1 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 0.01623043 | 33 | 5 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN |
| Myocardial Infarction | 0.014830952 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN |
| Coronary heart disease | 0.012268423 | 11 | 1 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN |
| Coronary Artery Disease | 0.012082858 | 9 | 0 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN |
| Mammary Neoplasms | 0.010897401 | 4 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Alzheimer's Disease | 0.00973957 | 4 | 1 | BeFree_GAD |
| Cardiovascular Diseases | 0.009434452 | 17 | 1 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN |
| Myocardial Ischemia | 0.007915422 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
| Diabetes | 0.007600372 | 28 | 5 | BeFree |
| Metabolic Syndrome X | 0.007177041 | 10 | 3 | BeFree_GAD |
| Liver carcinoma | 0.005710211 | 12 | 1 | BeFree_LHGDN |
| Acute Coronary Syndrome | 0.005634266 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN |
| Malignant neoplasm of breast | 0.005624334 | 12 | 1 | BeFree_GAD |
| Arteriosclerosis | 0.005428837 | 20 | 1 | BeFree |
| Hepatitis C | 0.00408156 | 5 | 1 | BeFree_LHGDN |
| Metabolic Diseases | 0.003810118 | 5 | 2 | BeFree_LHGDN |
| Malignant neoplasm of prostate | 0.003724241 | 6 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
| melanoma | 0.003538676 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
| Malignant neoplasm of lung | 0.003452799 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 0.003267234 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
| Breast Carcinoma | 0.003257302 | 12 | 1 | BeFree |
| Steatohepatitis | 0.003257302 | 12 | 1 | BeFree |
| Hyperglycemia | 0.003181358 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
| Polycystic Ovary Syndrome | 0.003181358 | 4 | 2 | BeFree_GAD |
| Cystic Fibrosis | 0.002995792 | 1 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
| Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined | 0.002995792 | 1 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
| Actinic keratosis | 0.002995792 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
| Psoriasis | 0.002995792 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 0.002909916 | 2 | 3 | BeFree_GAD |
| Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis | 0.002909916 | 2 | 1 | BeFree_GAD |
| Bladder Neoplasm | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Carcinoma, Transitional Cell | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Infection | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Hepatocarcinogenesis | 0.002714419 | 10 | 0 | BeFree |
| Dementia | 0.002638474 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
| Altitude Sickness | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Brain Ischemia | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Chorioamnionitis | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Premature Obstetric Labor | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Pre-Eclampsia | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Thrombosis | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Tobacco Use Disorder | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Premature Birth | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Coronary Stenosis | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Ventricular Dysfunction, Left | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Malignant neoplasm of esophagus | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Hepatopulmonary Syndrome | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Coronary Restenosis | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Systemic arterial pressure | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Hypertriglyceridemia result | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Fibrinogen Adverse Event | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Infection of amniotic sac and membranes, unspecified, unspecified trimester, not applicable or unspecified | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Granulomatosis with polyangiitis | 0.002367032 | 1 | 0 | GAD |
| Congestive heart failure | 0.002171535 | 8 | 1 | BeFree |
| Carcinogenesis | 0.002171535 | 8 | 0 | BeFree |
| Heart failure | 0.001900093 | 7 | 1 | BeFree |
| Overweight | 0.001628651 | 6 | 0 | BeFree |
| Colon Carcinoma | 0.001628651 | 6 | 0 | BeFree |
| Malignant tumor of colon | 0.001357209 | 5 | 0 | BeFree |
| Prostate carcinoma | 0.001357209 | 5 | 0 | BeFree |
| Colorectal Carcinoma | 0.001085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree |
| Eczema | 0.001085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree |
| Ischemia | 0.001085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree |
| Ovarian Diseases | 0.001085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree |
| Gestational Diabetes | 0.001085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree |
| Carcinoma of lung | 0.001085767 | 4 | 0 | BeFree |
| Asthma | 0.000814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree |
| Hyperinsulinism | 0.000814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree |
| Neuroblastoma | 0.000814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree |
| Left Ventricular Hypertrophy | 0.000814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree |
| Impaired glucose tolerance | 0.000814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree |
| Central neuroblastoma | 0.000814326 | 3 | 0 | BeFree |
| Autoimmune Diseases | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Cardiomyopathy, Dilated | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Dermatitis | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Endometriosis | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Glioblastoma | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Hepatitis B | 0.000542884 | 2 | 1 | BeFree |
| Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Lipodystrophy | 0.000542884 | 2 | 1 | BeFree |
| Obesity, Morbid | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Schizophrenia | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Dermatologic disorders | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Virus Diseases | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Lipid Metabolism Disorders | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Adrenoleukodystrophy | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Tumor Progression | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Liver and Intrahepatic Biliary Tract Carcinoma | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Malignant neoplasm of liver | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Malignant neoplasm of kidney | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Cardiomyopathies | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Renal carcinoma | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Colorectal Cancer | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Anemia | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Anemia, Hemolytic | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Adenocarcinoma of prostate | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Renal Cell Carcinoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Malignant tumor of cervix | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Cholestasis | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Cold intolerance | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Colitis | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Ulcerative Colitis | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Eating Disorders | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Fetal Alcohol Syndrome | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Glomerulonephritis | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Glycogen storage disease type II | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Heart Diseases | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 0.000271442 | 1 | 1 | BeFree |
| Kidney Failure, Acute | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Leishmaniasis, Visceral | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| leukemia | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Lymphoid leukemia | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Alcoholic Liver Diseases | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Lung Neoplasms | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Meningioma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Neoplasm Metastasis | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Degenerative polyarthritis | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Osteoporosis | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Pituitary Diseases | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Respiration Disorders | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Rhabdomyosarcoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Renal fibrosis | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Hypertensive heart disease | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Liver Failure, Acute | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Dermatitis, Allergic Contact | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Citrullinemia | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Hepatoblastoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Age related macular degeneration | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Carcinoma, Small Cell | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to metabolic disorder | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Iron Overload | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Vascular Neoplasms | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Cervix carcinoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Thyroid associated opthalmopathies | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Maturity onset diabetes mellitus in young | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Generalized glycogen storage disease of infants | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Absence of pain sensation | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Osteoarthritis, Knee | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Chronic anemia | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| airway disease | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Microalbuminuria | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Philadelphia chromosome positive | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Ischemic stroke | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Liver regeneration disorder | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| sympathomimetic disorder | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Tumor Angiogenesis | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IIb | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Meningioma, benign, no ICD-O subtype | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| AURAL ATRESIA, CONGENITAL | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Pediatric Obesity | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Obesity, Visceral | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Ischemic Cerebrovascular Accident | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease, NOS | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Insulin resistance syndrome | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
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