Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 9932447 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Review

Expression of nitric oxide synthase-2 in glia associated with CNS pathology.

Progress in brain research ·Vol. 118 ·1998-00-00 ·Pages 253-67

Loihl AK, Murphy S

Abstract

暂无摘要

MeSH Terms
Animals Brain Ischemia/enzymology Central Nervous System/enzymology,pathology Humans Infections/enzymology,pathology Neurodegenerative Diseases/enzymology Neuroglia/enzymology Nitric Oxide Synthase/biosynthesis,physiology Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II Wounds and Injuries/enzymology,pathology
Chemicals
NOS2 protein, human Nitric Oxide Synthase Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Loihl A K
Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience Program, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City 52242, USA.
Murphy S
References (119)
119 references, click to expand
  1. Cytokines in inflammatory brain lesions: helpful and harmful.
    Trends Neurosci. 1996 Aug;19(8):331-8 PMID: 8843602
  2. Inducible nitric oxide synthase in tangle-bearing neurons of patients with Alzheimer's disease.
    J Exp Med. 1996 Oct 1;184(4):1425-33 PMID: 8879214
  3. Inducible nitric oxide synthase in Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus infection.
    J Virol. 1997 Apr;71(4):3228-35 PMID: 9060686
  4. Pathophysiology and treatment of focal cerebral ischemia. Part I: Pathophysiology.
    J Neurosurg. 1992 Aug;77(2):169-84 PMID: 1625004
  5. Altered responses to bacterial infection and endotoxic shock in mice lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase.
    Cell. 1995 May 19;81(4):641-50 PMID: 7538909
  6. Aggravation of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) by administration of nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitors.
    Clin Exp Immunol. 1996 Mar;103(3):467-74 PMID: 8608648
  7. Expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 after focal cerebral ischemia in the rat.
    J Neuroimmunol. 1995 Feb;56(2):127-34 PMID: 7860708
  8. Nitric oxide decreases cytokine-induced endothelial activation. Nitric oxide selectively reduces endothelial expression of adhesion molecules and proinflammatory cytokines.
    J Clin Invest. 1995 Jul;96(1):60-8 PMID: 7542286
  9. Extensive peroxynitrite activity during progressive stages of central nervous system inflammation.
    J Neuroimmunol. 1997 Jul;77(1):1-7 PMID: 9209262
  10. Suppression of astroglial nitric oxide synthase expression by norepinephrine results from decreased NOS-2 promoter activity.
    J Neurochem. 1998 Apr;70(4):1484-96 PMID: 9523565
  11. Inducible nitric oxide synthase: what difference does it make?
    J Clin Invest. 1997 Nov 15;100(10):2417-23 PMID: 9366554
  12. Characterization and functional analysis of the human inducible nitric oxide synthase gene promoter.
    Mol Med. 1996 Mar;2(2):226-35 PMID: 8726465
  13. Administration of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in experimental autoimmune neuritis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
    J Neuroimmunol. 1995 Apr;58(1):81-8 PMID: 7537283
  14. Inducible nitric oxide synthase-deficient mice have enhanced leukocyte-endothelium interactions in endotoxemia.
    FASEB J. 1997 Oct;11(12):955-64 PMID: 9337148
  15. The neuroprotective effect of a nitric oxide inhibitor in a rat model of focal cerebral ischaemia.
    Br J Pharmacol. 1992 Aug;106(4):766-7 PMID: 1382786
  16. Aminoguanidine ameliorates and L-arginine worsens brain damage from intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion.
    Stroke. 1996 Feb;27(2):317-23 PMID: 8571430
  17. Microglial activation by Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein and modulation by apolipoprotein E.
    Nature. 1997 Aug 28;388(6645):878-81 PMID: 9278049
  18. Induction of cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecule mRNA in a rat forebrain reperfusion model.
    Acta Neuropathol. 1997 Feb;93(2):154-8 PMID: 9039462
  19. Beta-interferon and multiple sclerosis.
    Trends Neurosci. 1997 Feb;20(2):63-7 PMID: 9023873
  20. Exacerbation of lymphocytic choriomeningitis in mice treated with the inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor aminoguanidine.
    J Neuroimmunol. 1996 Dec;71(1-2):31-6 PMID: 8982100
  21. Induction of macrophage inflammatory protein MIP-1alpha mRNA on glial cells after focal cerebral ischemia in the rat.
    Neurosci Lett. 1997 May 23;227(3):173-6 PMID: 9185678
  22. Regulation of astrocyte nitric oxide synthase type II expression by ATP and glutamate involves loss of transcription factor binding to DNA.
    J Neurochem. 1997 Aug;69(2):612-6 PMID: 9231718
  23. Local injection of kainic acid causes widespread degeneration of NADPH-d neurons and induction of NADPH-d in neurons, endothelial cells and reactive astrocytes.
    Brain Res. 1996 Aug 19;730(1-2):199-206 PMID: 8883904
  24. Role of nitric oxide in brain ischemia.
    Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1994 Nov 17;738:369-73 PMID: 7832443
  25. Inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression and enzyme activity correlate with disease activity in murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
    J Neuroimmunol. 1996 Dec;71(1-2):145-53 PMID: 8982114
  26. Brain nitrite production during global ischemia and reperfusion: an in vivo microdialysis study.
    Brain Res. 1996 Sep 23;734(1-2):86-90 PMID: 8896812
  27. Chemokines in immune-mediated inflammation of the central nervous system.
    Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 1996 Jun;7(1):35-46 PMID: 8864353
  28. Nitric oxide mediates neuronal death after focal cerebral ischemia in the mouse.
    Eur J Pharmacol. 1991 Nov 12;204(3):339-40 PMID: 1773832
  29. In vivo expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in supraventricular amoeboid microglial cells in neonatal BALB/c and athymic mice.
    Neurosci Lett. 1997 Feb 14;223(1):53-6 PMID: 9058421
  30. NO synthase-II is transiently expressed in embryonic mouse olfactory receptor neurons.
    Neurosci Lett. 1997 Jul 4;229(3):165-8 PMID: 9237484
  31. The effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibition on infarct volume after reversible focal cerebral ischemia in conscious rats.
    Stroke. 1993 Dec;24(12):2023-9 PMID: 7504336
  32. Nitric oxide regulates nitric oxide synthase-2 gene expression by inhibiting NF-kappaB binding to DNA.
    Biochem J. 1997 Mar 1;322 ( Pt 2):609-13 PMID: 9065784
  33. Heat shock protein 70 suppresses astroglial-inducible nitric-oxide synthase expression by decreasing NFkappaB activation.
    J Biol Chem. 1996 Jul 26;271(30):17724-32 PMID: 8663604
  34. Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory neurological diseases.
    J Neurol Sci. 1995 Apr;129(2):223-7 PMID: 7608739
  35. Nitric oxide modulates the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 in cultured human endothelial cells.
    Circ Res. 1995 Jun;76(6):980-6 PMID: 7758169
  36. Blockade of nitric oxide formation by N omega-nitro-L-arginine mitigates ischemic brain edema and subsequent cerebral infarction in rats.
    Neurosci Lett. 1992 Dec 7;147(2):159-62 PMID: 1491800
  37. Beta-amyloid (25-35) peptide and IFN-gamma synergistically induce the production of the chemotactic cytokine MCP-1/JE in monocytes and microglial cells.
    J Immunol. 1996 Aug 1;157(3):1213-8 PMID: 8757628
  38. Duration of expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in glial cells.
    J Neurosci Res. 1994 Nov 1;39(4):405-11 PMID: 7533844
  39. Expression of CSF-1, c-fms, and MCP-1 in the central nervous system of rats with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.
    J Immunol. 1993 Mar 15;150(6):2525-33 PMID: 8450228
  40. Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniectomy in rats.
    Stroke. 1989 Jan;20(1):84-91 PMID: 2643202
  41. Pretreatment of astrocytes with interferon-alpha/beta impairs interferon-gamma induction of nitric oxide synthase.
    J Neurochem. 1997 Jun;68(6):2547-51 PMID: 9166751
  42. Increased expression of TGF-beta 1 in brain tissue after ischemic stroke in humans.
    Stroke. 1996 May;27(5):852-7 PMID: 8623105
  43. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis does not reduce infarct volume in a rat model of focal cerebral ischaemia.
    Neurosci Lett. 1992 Aug 17;142(2):151-4 PMID: 1454209
  44. Nitric oxide limits transcriptional induction of nitric oxide synthase in CNS glial cells.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Jun 15;201(2):762-8 PMID: 7516158
  45. Immunocytochemical characterization of the expression of inducible and constitutive isoforms of nitric oxide synthase in demyelinating multiple sclerosis lesions.
    J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1997 Jan;56(1):10-20 PMID: 8990125
  46. Synthesis of nitric oxide in CNS glial cells.
    Trends Neurosci. 1993 Aug;16(8):323-8 PMID: 7691008
  47. Expression of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase by reactive astrocytes after transient global ischemia.
    Brain Res. 1994 Jul 18;651(1-2):92-100 PMID: 7522935
  48. Nitric oxide production during focal cerebral ischemia in rats.
    Stroke. 1993 Nov;24(11):1709-16 PMID: 7694393
  49. Nitric oxide measured by a porphyrinic microsensor in rat brain after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion.
    J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1993 May;13(3):355-8 PMID: 8478395
  50. Molecular profile of reactive astrocytes--implications for their role in neurologic disease.
    Neuroscience. 1993 May;54(1):15-36 PMID: 8515840
  51. Marked induction of calcium-independent nitric oxide synthase activity after focal cerebral ischemia.
    J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1995 Jan;15(1):52-9 PMID: 7528224
  52. Gender differences of inducible nitric oxide production in SJL/J mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
    J Neuroimmunol. 1997 Jul;77(1):99-106 PMID: 9209274
  53. Indirect evidence for nitric oxide involvement in multiple sclerosis by characterization of circulating antibodies directed against conjugated S-nitrosocysteine.
    J Neuroimmunol. 1995 Jul;60(1-2):117-24 PMID: 7543906
  54. Expression of inflammatory cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase in brains of SIV-infected rhesus monkeys: applications to HIV-induced central nervous system disease.
    Mol Med. 1996 Jan;2(1):27-37 PMID: 8900532
  55. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 inhibits the induction of nitric oxide synthase in J774 cells.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Oct 15;196(1):274-9 PMID: 7692849
  56. Transient increase of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant, a member of the interleukin-8 family, in ischemic brain areas after focal ischemia in rats.
    Stroke. 1995 Feb;26(2):318-22; discussion 322-3 PMID: 7831706
  57. Cytokine- and endotoxin-induced nitric oxide synthase in rat astroglial cultures: differential modulation by angiotensin II.
    J Neurochem. 1997 Mar;68(3):935-44 PMID: 9048738
  58. Nitric oxide biochemistry.
    Biochem Soc Trans. 1997 Aug;25(3):895-901 PMID: 9388568
  59. Transient expression of calcium-independent nitric oxide synthase in blood vessels during brain development.
    FASEB J. 1995 Dec;9(15):1632-7 PMID: 8529843
  60. C57BL/6 strain is most susceptible to cerebral ischemia following bilateral common carotid occlusion among seven mouse strains: selective neuronal death in the murine transient forebrain ischemia.
    Brain Res. 1997 Mar 28;752(1-2):209-18 PMID: 9106459
  61. Roles of nitric oxide in compression injury of rat spinal cord.
    Free Radic Biol Med. 1996;20(1):1-9 PMID: 8903674
  62. Nitric oxide synthase type II mRNA stability is translation- and transcription-dependent.
    J Neurochem. 1996 Oct;67(4):1766-9 PMID: 8858964
  63. Nitric oxide regulates vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 gene expression and redox-sensitive transcriptional events in human vascular endothelial cells.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Aug 20;93(17):9114-9 PMID: 8799163
  64. Delayed reduction of ischemic brain injury and neurological deficits in mice lacking the inducible nitric oxide synthase gene.
    J Neurosci. 1997 Dec 1;17(23):9157-64 PMID: 9364062
  65. Fibrillar beta-amyloid induces microglial phagocytosis, expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and loss of a select population of neurons in the rat CNS in vivo.
    J Neurosci. 1998 Mar 15;18(6):2161-73 PMID: 9482801
  66. Prevention of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by targeting nitric oxide and peroxynitrite: implications for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Mar 18;94(6):2528-33 PMID: 9122229
  67. Disassociation between the in vitro and in vivo effects of nitric oxide on a neurotropic murine coronavirus.
    J Virol. 1997 Mar;71(3):2202-10 PMID: 9032354
  68. Isoforms of nitric oxide synthase. Properties, cellular distribution and expressional control.
    Biochem Pharmacol. 1995 Oct 26;50(9):1321-32 PMID: 7503779
  69. The high-output nitric oxide pathway: role and regulation.
    J Leukoc Biol. 1994 Nov;56(5):576-82 PMID: 7525816
  70. Inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression in the brain during systemic inflammation.
    Nat Med. 1996 May;2(5):581-4 PMID: 8616720
  71. Bright and dark sides of nitric oxide in ischemic brain injury.
    Trends Neurosci. 1997 Mar;20(3):132-9 PMID: 9061868
  72. Activation of astrocytes in the spinal cord of mice chronically infected with a neurotropic coronavirus.
    Virology. 1995 Nov 10;213(2):482-93 PMID: 7491773
  73. Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase ameliorates cerebral ischemic damage.
    Am J Physiol. 1995 Jan;268(1 Pt 2):R286-92 PMID: 7530927
  74. Astrocytes and microglia express inducible nitric oxide synthase in mice with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.
    J Neuroimmunol. 1997 Apr;74(1-2):121-9 PMID: 9119964
  75. Reactions between nitric oxide, superoxide, and peroxynitrite: footprints of peroxynitrite in vivo.
    Adv Pharmacol. 1995;34:17-43 PMID: 8562432
  76. Evidence for increased nitric oxide production in multiple sclerosis.
    J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1995 Jan;58(1):107 PMID: 7823050
  77. Tumor necrosis factor and nitric oxide production by retinal Müller glial cells from rats exhibiting inherited retinal dystrophy.
    Glia. 1997 May;20(1):59-69 PMID: 9145305
  78. Fluid flow inhibits endothelial adhesiveness. Nitric oxide and transcriptional regulation of VCAM-1.
    Circulation. 1996 Oct 1;94(7):1682-9 PMID: 8840861
  79. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis increases focal ischemic infarction in rat.
    J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1992 Sep;12(5):717-26 PMID: 1380515
  80. Interleukin-8 inhibits the induction of nitric oxide synthase in rat peritoneal neutrophils.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Jul 31;186(2):680-5 PMID: 1379804
  81. Effects of cerebral ischemia in mice deficient in neuronal nitric oxide synthase.
    Science. 1994 Sep 23;265(5180):1883-5 PMID: 7522345
  82. Cytokines and murine autoimmune encephalomyelitis: inhibition or enhancement of disease with antibodies to select cytokines, or by delivery of exogenous cytokines using a recombinant vaccinia virus system.
    Scand J Immunol. 1995 Jan;41(1):31-41 PMID: 7824886
  83. Inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression in brain following cerebral ischemia.
    J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1995 May;15(3):378-84 PMID: 7536197
  84. Inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression in vascular cells after transient focal cerebral ischemia.
    Stroke. 1996 Aug;27(8):1373-80 PMID: 8711805
  85. Local nitric oxide production in viral and autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jun 6;92(12):5312-6 PMID: 7539914
  86. Induction and stabilization of I kappa B alpha by nitric oxide mediates inhibition of NF-kappa B.
    J Biol Chem. 1995 Jun 9;270(23):14214-9 PMID: 7775482
  87. Chemokine expression in rat stab wound brain injury.
    J Neurosci Res. 1996 Dec 15;46(6):727-33 PMID: 8978507
  88. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase attenuates blood-brain barrier disruption during experimental meningitis.
    Brain Res. 1996 May 13;720(1-2):75-83 PMID: 8782899
  89. Low dose L-NAME reduces infarct volume in the rat MCAO/reperfusion model.
    J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 1993 Oct;5(4):241-9 PMID: 8251713
  90. Regulation of gene expression in the nervous system by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.
    Metab Brain Dis. 1997 Jun;12(2):97-112 PMID: 9203155
  91. Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in cerebral endothelial cells is regulated by cytokine-activated astrocytes.
    J Neurochem. 1995 Sep;65(3):1342-7 PMID: 7543934
  92. Expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) and nitric oxide synthase-2 following cerebral trauma.
    Acta Neuropathol. 1998 Jan;95(1):98-103 PMID: 9452827
  93. Immunologic NO synthase: elevation in severe AIDS dementia and induction by HIV-1 gp41.
    Science. 1996 Dec 13;274(5294):1917-21 PMID: 8943206
  94. Activated astrocytes induce nitric oxide synthase-2 in cerebral endothelium via tumor necrosis factor alpha.
    Glia. 1997 Dec;21(4):370-9 PMID: 9419012
  95. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 exhibits delayed gene expression following focal cerebral ischemia.
    Brain Res Bull. 1995;36(6):607-9 PMID: 7757496
  96. Expression of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase in the central nervous system of mice correlates with the severity of actively induced experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.
    J Neuroimmunol. 1995 Oct;62(1):103-12 PMID: 7499486
  97. C-X-C and C-C chemokines are expressed in the cerebrospinal fluid in bacterial meningitis and mediate chemotactic activity on peripheral blood-derived polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells in vitro.
    J Immunol. 1997 Feb 15;158(4):1956-64 PMID: 9029138
  98. New therapeutic possibility of blocking cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant on transient ischemic brain damage in rats.
    Brain Res. 1997 Jun 6;759(1):103-11 PMID: 9219868
  99. Nitric oxide synthases: properties and catalytic mechanism.
    Annu Rev Physiol. 1995;57:707-36 PMID: 7539994
  100. Nitric oxide regulates IL-8 expression in melanoma cells at the transcriptional level.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995 Sep 25;214(3):949-56 PMID: 7575568
  101. Human immunodeficiency virus 1 envelope proteins induce interleukin 1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and nitric oxide in glial cultures derived from fetal, neonatal, and adult human brain.
    J Exp Med. 1995 Oct 1;182(4):941-51 PMID: 7561697
  102. Nitric oxide synthase type II expression by different cell types in MHV-JHM encephalitis suggests distinct roles for nitric oxide in acute versus persistent virus infection.
    J Neuroimmunol. 1997 Mar;73(1-2):15-27 PMID: 9058755
  103. Alteration of NF-kappa B p50 DNA binding kinetics by S-nitrosylation.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Sep 29;238(3):703-6 PMID: 9325152
  104. Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the rat is inhibited by aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase.
    J Neuroimmunol. 1996 Feb;64(2):123-33 PMID: 8632054
  105. Induction of nitric oxide synthase activity in rodent brain following middle cerebral artery occlusion.
    Neurosci Lett. 1995 Jul 21;194(3):214-8 PMID: 7478241
  106. Interleukin-8 released into the cerebrospinal fluid after brain injury is associated with blood-brain barrier dysfunction and nerve growth factor production.
    J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1997 Mar;17(3):280-9 PMID: 9119901
  107. Aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in SJL mice.
    J Clin Invest. 1994 Jun;93(6):2684-90 PMID: 7515395
  108. Cloning and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase from rat astrocytes.
    J Neurosci Res. 1994 Feb 15;37(3):406-14 PMID: 7513765
  109. An important role for the chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha in the pathogenesis of the T cell-mediated autoimmune disease, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
    J Immunol. 1995 Nov 15;155(10):5003-10 PMID: 7594507
  110. Neuronal (type I) nitric oxide synthase regulates nuclear factor kappaB activity and immunologic (type II) nitric oxide synthase expression.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Mar 18;94(6):2676-80 PMID: 9122255
  111. Synergistic induction of nitric oxide by beta-amyloid and cytokines in astrocytes.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Aug 14;225(2):474-8 PMID: 8753786
  112. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis enhances the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA and protein in a model of chronic liver inflammation.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Oct 28;204(2):635-40 PMID: 7526851
  113. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis is exacerbated in mice lacking the NOS2 gene.
    J Immunol. 1998 Mar 15;160(6):2940-6 PMID: 9510198
  114. Nitric oxide via an inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase is a possible factor to eliminate inflammatory cells from the central nervous system of mice with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.
    J Neuroimmunol. 1997 Mar;73(1-2):107-16 PMID: 9058766
  115. Strain-related differences in susceptibility to transient forebrain ischemia in SV-129 and C57black/6 mice.
    Stroke. 1997 Sep;28(9):1805-10; discussion 1811 PMID: 9303029
  116. Activation of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase in the brains of patients with multiple sclerosis.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Dec 19;92(26):12041-5 PMID: 8618840
  117. Nitric oxide in excitable tissues: physiological roles and disease.
    J Clin Invest. 1997 Nov 15;100(10):2424-9 PMID: 9366555
  118. Induction of nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression. Suppression by exogenous nitric oxide.
    J Biol Chem. 1995 Nov 10;270(45):26731-3 PMID: 7592903
  119. NO, nitrosonium ions, nitroxide ions, nitrosothiols and iron-nitrosyls in biology: a chemist's perspective.
    Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1995 Jan;16(1):18-22 PMID: 7732599
Article Info
Journal
Progress in brain research
Abbr.
Prog Brain Res
ISSN
0079-6123
Published
1998-00-00
Pages
253-67
Language
English
Region
Netherlands
NLM ID
0376441
PMCID
PMC7133158
Subset
IM
Grants
NINDS NIH HHS · NS29226 · United States
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com