Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 9294446 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

A crtB homolog essential for photochromogenicity in Mycobacterium marinum: isolation, characterization, and gene disruption via homologous recombination.

Journal of bacteriology ·Vol. 179 ·No. 18 ·1997-09-00 ·Pages 5862-8

Ramakrishnan L, Tran HT, Federspiel NA, Falkow S

Abstract

A gene essential for light-induced pigment production was isolated from the photochromogen Mycobacterium marinum by heterologous complementation of an M. marinum cosmid library in the nonchromogen Mycobacterium smegmatis. This gene is part of an operon and homologous to the Streptomyces griseus and Myxococcus xanthus crtB genes encoding phytoene synthase. Gene replacement at this locus was achieved via homologous recombination, demonstrating that its expression is essential for photochromogenicity. The ease of targeted gene disruption in this pathogenic Mycobacterium allows for the dissection of the molecular basis of mycobacterial pathogenesis.

MeSH Terms
Alkyl and Aryl Transferases Amino Acid Sequence Carotenoids/biosynthesis Chromosome Mapping DNA, Bacterial/genetics Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Genes, Bacterial Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase Light Molecular Sequence Data Mutagenesis, Insertional Mycobacterium/genetics Phytochrome/biosynthesis Recombination, Genetic Restriction Mapping Sequence Alignment Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Transferases/genetics
Chemicals
DNA, Bacterial Phytochrome Carotenoids Transferases Alkyl and Aryl Transferases Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Ramakrishnan L
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94305-5402, USA. lalitar@cmgm.stanford.edu
Tran H T
Federspiel N A
Falkow S
References (51)
51 references, click to expand
  1. LIGHT AS A FACTOR IN THE PRODUCTION OF PIGMENT BY CERTAIN BACTERIA.
    J Bacteriol. 1938 Jun;35(6):625-31 PMID: 16560133
  2. An integrated map of the genome of the tubercle bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, and comparison with Mycobacterium leprae.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 2;93(7):3132-7 PMID: 8610181
  3. Insertional mutagenesis and illegitimate recombination in mycobacteria.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jun 15;88(12):5433-7 PMID: 2052623
  4. Gene replacement through homologous recombination in Mycobacterium intracellulare.
    J Bacteriol. 1995 Nov;177(21):6100-5 PMID: 7592373
  5. ON THE MECHANISM OF PHOTOINDUCED CAROTENOID SYNTHESIS: ASPECTS OF THE PHOTOINDUCTIVE REACTION.
    Arch Biochem Biophys. 1964 Sep;107:485-92 PMID: 14234498
  6. Mycobacterium marinum causes both long-term subclinical infection and acute disease in the leopard frog (Rana pipiens).
    Infect Immun. 1997 Feb;65(2):767-73 PMID: 9009340
  7. Novel structure of the recA locus of Mycobacterium tuberculosis implies processing of the gene product.
    J Bacteriol. 1991 Sep;173(18):5653-62 PMID: 1909321
  8. Photoinduction of carotenoid synthesis of a Mycobacterium sp.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1962 Jul 16;60:548-56 PMID: 14492306
  9. Differential trafficking of live and dead Mycobacterium marinum organisms in macrophages.
    Infect Immun. 1997 Apr;65(4):1497-504 PMID: 9119492
  10. Gene replacement and expression of foreign DNA in mycobacteria.
    J Bacteriol. 1990 Feb;172(2):519-24 PMID: 2153655
  11. Generation of unmarked directed mutations in mycobacteria, using sucrose counter-selectable suicide vectors.
    Mol Microbiol. 1996 Jun;20(5):919-25 PMID: 8809745
  12. Activation and analysis of cryptic crt genes for carotenoid biosynthesis from Streptomyces griseus.
    Mol Gen Genet. 1996 Oct 28;252(6):658-66 PMID: 8917308
  13. Mycobacterium marinum persists in cultured mammalian cells in a temperature-restricted fashion.
    Infect Immun. 1994 Aug;62(8):3222-9 PMID: 8039892
  14. Expression of the Bacillus subtilis sacB gene confers sucrose sensitivity on mycobacteria.
    J Bacteriol. 1996 Feb;178(4):1197-9 PMID: 8576057
  15. Light-induced carotenogenesis in Myxococcus xanthus: genetic analysis of the carR region.
    Mol Microbiol. 1993 Feb;7(3):471-88 PMID: 8384685
  16. Carotenoid synthesis in Streptomyces setonii ISP5395 is induced by the gene crtS, whose product is similar to a sigma factor.
    Mol Gen Genet. 1995 May 10;247(3):387-90 PMID: 7770044
  17. Identification of genes involved in the sequestration of iron in mycobacteria: the ferric exochelin biosynthetic and uptake pathways.
    Mol Microbiol. 1994 Nov;14(3):557-69 PMID: 7885234
  18. Expression of the genes encoding the early carotenoid biosynthetic enzymes in Capsicum annuum.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Nov 15;196(3):1414-21 PMID: 8250898
  19. Recombination in mycobacteria.
    Mol Microbiol. 1996 Jul;21(2):205-11 PMID: 8858576
  20. ON THE MECHANISM OF PHOTOINDUCTION OF CAROTENOID SYNTHESIS.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1964 May 25;79:464-75 PMID: 14179446
  21. Light-induced carotenogenesis in Myxococcus xanthus: DNA sequence analysis of the carR region.
    Mol Microbiol. 1993 Nov;10(4):713-35 PMID: 7934835
  22. Protein splicing in the maturation of M. tuberculosis recA protein: a mechanism for tolerating a novel class of intervening sequence.
    Cell. 1992 Oct 16;71(2):201-10 PMID: 1423588
  23. Mycobacterium balnei, a new acid-fast bacillus occurring in swimming pools and capable of producing skin lesions in humans.
    Acta Tuberc Scand Suppl. 1954;33:1-84 PMID: 13188762
  24. Molecular cloning and characterization of the yeast gene for squalene synthetase.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jul 15;88(14):6038-42 PMID: 2068081
  25. Clustering and co-ordinated activation of carotenoid genes in Myxococcus xanthus by blue light.
    Mol Microbiol. 1993 Oct;10(1):25-34 PMID: 7968516
  26. New use of BCG for recombinant vaccines.
    Nature. 1991 Jun 6;351(6326):456-60 PMID: 1904554
  27. Basic local alignment search tool.
    J Mol Biol. 1990 Oct 5;215(3):403-10 PMID: 2231712
  28. Carotenoids, tocopherols and thiols as biological singlet molecular oxygen quenchers.
    Biochem Soc Trans. 1990 Dec;18(6):1054-6 PMID: 2088803
  29. A mycobacterial extracytoplasmic function sigma factor involved in survival following stress.
    J Bacteriol. 1997 May;179(9):2922-9 PMID: 9139909
  30. Analysis of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis 85A antigen promoter region.
    J Bacteriol. 1995 Feb;177(3):642-53 PMID: 7836298
  31. Genetic systems for mycobacteria.
    Methods Enzymol. 1991;204:537-55 PMID: 1658570
  32. Construction of an eae deletion mutant of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli by using a positive-selection suicide vector.
    Infect Immun. 1991 Dec;59(12):4310-7 PMID: 1937792
  33. Eubacteria show their true colors: genetics of carotenoid pigment biosynthesis from microbes to plants.
    J Bacteriol. 1994 Aug;176(16):4795-802 PMID: 8050991
  34. EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURES ON INFECTION WITH MYCOBACTERIUM MARINUM (BALNEI) OF MICE AND A NUMBER OF POIKILOTHERMIC SPECIES.
    J Bacteriol. 1963 Nov;86:1057-69 PMID: 14080772
  35. The uraA locus and homologous recombination in Mycobacterium bovis BCG.
    J Bacteriol. 1993 Nov;175(22):7282-9 PMID: 8226675
  36. Cloning and sequencing of the gene which encodes the highly inducible acetamidase of Mycobacterium smegmatis.
    J Gen Microbiol. 1993 Mar;139(3):575-83 PMID: 8473863
  37. Isolation and characterization of efficient plasmid transformation mutants of Mycobacterium smegmatis.
    Mol Microbiol. 1990 Nov;4(11):1911-9 PMID: 2082148
  38. The crtE gene in Erwinia herbicola encodes geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Aug 1;89(15):6761-4 PMID: 1495965
  39. Images in clinical medicine. Mycobacterium marinum infection of the hand.
    N Engl J Med. 1997 Aug 28;337(9):612 PMID: 9271484
  40. Aquarium-borne Mycobacterium marinum skin infection. Report of a case and review of the literature.
    Arch Dermatol. 1986 Jun;122(6):698-703 PMID: 3487289
  41. Molecular Koch's postulates applied to microbial pathogenicity.
    Rev Infect Dis. 1988 Jul-Aug;10 Suppl 2:S274-6 PMID: 3055197
  42. Regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis.
    Curr Top Cell Regul. 1988;29:291-343 PMID: 3293927
  43. New derivatives of transposon Tn5 suitable for mobilization of replicons, generation of operon fusions and induction of genes in gram-negative bacteria.
    Gene. 1989 Aug 1;80(1):161-9 PMID: 2551782
  44. Light-induced carotenogenesis in Myxococcus xanthus: light-dependent membrane sequestration of ECF sigma factor CarQ by anti-sigma factor CarR.
    Mol Microbiol. 1996 Jan;19(1):171-86 PMID: 8821946
  45. Evidence of selection for protein introns in the recAs of pathogenic mycobacteria.
    EMBO J. 1994 Feb 1;13(3):699-703 PMID: 7508863
  46. The urease locus of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its utilization for the demonstration of allelic exchange in Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Sep 12;92(19):8768-72 PMID: 7568014
  47. Growth phase dependence of the activation of a bacterial gene for carotenoid synthesis by blue light.
    EMBO J. 1993 Apr;12(4):1265-75 PMID: 8467787
  48. A cluster of structural and regulatory genes for light-induced carotenogenesis in Myxococcus xanthus.
    Eur J Biochem. 1995 Oct 1;233(1):238-48 PMID: 7588751
  49. In vivo growth characteristics of leucine and methionine auxotrophic mutants of Mycobacterium bovis BCG generated by transposon mutagenesis.
    Infect Immun. 1995 Mar;63(3):1004-12 PMID: 7868221
  50. Insertional mutagenesis of Listeria monocytogenes with a novel Tn917 derivative that allows direct cloning of DNA flanking transposon insertions.
    J Bacteriol. 1990 Jul;172(7):3738-44 PMID: 2163385
  51. Cloning of Campylobacter jejuni genes required for leucine biosynthesis, and construction of leu-negative mutant of C. jejuni by shuttle transposon mutagenesis.
    Res Microbiol. 1992 Jan;143(1):15-26 PMID: 1322552
Article Info
Journal
Journal of bacteriology
Abbr.
J Bacteriol
ISSN
0021-9193
DOI
10.1128/jb.179.18.5862-5868.1997
Email
lalitar@cmgm.stanford.edu
Published
1997-09-00
Pages
5862-8
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
2985120R
PMCID
PMC179478
Subset
IM
Grants
NIAID NIH HHS · AI36396 · United States
NHGRI NIH HHS · HG00205 · United States
Databases
GENBANK
U92075
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/jb.179.18.5862-5868.1997 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2