Effects of dihydropyridine calcium antagonists on rat midbrain dopaminergic neurones.

1. The effects of the dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists, nifedepine and nimodipine (300 nM-30 microM) were tested in vitro on intracellularly recorded dopaminergic neurones in the rat ventral mesencephalon. 2. Bath applied nifedipine and nimodipine inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner the spontaneous firing discharge of the action potentials, whereas, the dihydropyridine calcium channel agonist, Bay K 8644 increased the firing rate. 3. Pacemaker oscillations and bursts of action potentials were produced by loading the cells with caesium. Nifedipine and nimodipine reduced the rate and the duration of the caesium-induced membrane oscillations and decreased the number of action potentials in a burst. During the blockade of potassium currents the dopaminergic neurones often developed a prolonged (100-800 ms) afterdepolarization that was also inhibited by dihydropyridines. 4. The spontaneous discharge of calcium spikes was also inhibited by both dihydropyridine calcium antagonists. The apparent input resistance and the level of membrane potential were not affected by the dihydropyridine calcium antagonists. 5. If the action potential duration was less than 150 ms the shape of the spike was not clearly influenced by both calcium antagonists. However, when the duration of the action potential was longer than 150-200 ms due to the intracellular injection of caesium ions plus the extracellular application of tetraethylammonium (10-50 mM), both nifedipine and nimodipine reversibly shortened the plateau potential. 6. It is suggested that nifedipine and nimodipine depress the rhythmic and bursting activity of the dopaminergic cells and shorten the calcium action potential by blocking dihydropyridine-sensitive high-threshold calcium currents.