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PMID: 7678335 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Photodynamic inactivation of infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus and other enveloped viruses using hypericin and rose bengal: inhibition of fusion and syncytia formation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 90 ·No. 1 ·1993-01-01 ·Pages 158-62

Lenard J, Rabson A, Vanderoef R

Abstract

The mechanism of the antiviral activity of hypericin was characterized and compared with that of rose bengal. Both compounds inactivate enveloped (but not unenveloped) viruses upon illumination by visible light. Human immunodeficiency and vesicular stomatitis viruses were photodynamically inactivated by both dyes at nanomolar concentrations. Photodynamic inactivation of fusion (hemolysis) by vesicular stomatitis, influenza, and Sendai viruses was induced by both dyes under similar conditions (e.g., I50 = 20-50 nM for vesicular stomatitis virus), suggesting that loss of infectivity resulted from inactivation of fusion. Syncytium formation, between cells activated to express human immunodeficiency virus gp120 on their surfaces and CD4+ cells, was inhibited by illumination in the presence of 1 microM hypericin. Hypericin and rose bengal thus exert similar virucidal effects. Both presumably act by the same mechanism--namely, the inactivation of the viral fusion function by singlet oxygen produced upon illumination. The implications of this photodynamic antiviral action for the potential therapeutic usefulness of both hypericin and rose bengal are discussed.

MeSH Terms

Animals Anthracenes Antiviral Agents/pharmacology Cell Line Chick Embryo Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Giant Cells/drug effects HIV Reverse Transcriptase HIV-1/drug effects,pathogenicity,physiology Hemolysis Humans In Vitro Techniques Influenza A virus/drug effects,pathogenicity,physiology Kinetics Light Lymphocytes/drug effects,microbiology Membrane Fusion/drug effects Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human/drug effects,pathogenicity,physiology Perylene/analogs & derivatives,pharmacology RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/metabolism Radiation-Sensitizing Agents/pharmacology Rose Bengal/pharmacology Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/drug effects,pathogenicity,physiology

Chemicals

Anthracenes Antiviral Agents Radiation-Sensitizing Agents Rose Bengal Perylene hypericin HIV Reverse Transcriptase RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase

Authors & Affiliations

3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID

Lenard J

Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway 08854-5635.

Rabson A

Vanderoef R

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Article Info

Journal

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Abbr.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

ISSN

0027-8424

DOI

10.1073/pnas.90.1.158

Published

1993-01-01

Pages

158-62

Language

English

Region

United States

NLM ID

7505876

PMCID

PMC45619

Subset

Grants

NIAID NIH HHS · AI-13002 · United States

External Links

PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.90.1.158 PMC Full Text View journal details

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Photodynamic inactivation of infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus and other enveloped viruses using hypericin and rose bengal: inhibition of fusion and syncytia formation.

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