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PMID: 7643413 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Improved dating of the human/chimpanzee separation in the mitochondrial DNA tree: heterogeneity among amino acid sites.

Journal of molecular evolution ·Vol. 40 ·No. 6 ·1995-06-00 ·Pages 622-8

Adachi J, Hasegawa M

Abstract

The internal branch lengths estimated by distance methods such as neighbor-joining are shown to be biased to be short when the evolutionary rate differs among sites. The variable-invariable model for site heterogeneity fits the amino acid sequence data encoded by the mitochondrial DNA from Hominoidea remarkably well. By assuming the orangutan separation to be 13 or 16 Myr old, a maximum-likelihood analysis estimates a young date of 3.6 +/- 0.6 or 4.4 +/- 0.7 Myr (+/- 1 SE) for the human/chimpanzee separation, and these estimates turn out to be robust against differences in the assumed model for amino acid substitutions. Although some uncertainties still exist in our estimates, this analysis suggests that humans separated from chimpanzees some 4-5 Myr ago.

MeSH Terms
Amino Acid Sequence Animals DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics Hominidae/genetics Humans Pan troglodytes/genetics Phylogeny Pongo pygmaeus/genetics
Chemicals
DNA, Mitochondrial
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Adachi J
Department of Statistical Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Tokyo, Japan.
Hasegawa M
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Article Info
Journal
Journal of molecular evolution
Abbr.
J Mol Evol
ISSN
0022-2844
DOI
10.1007/BF00160510
Published
1995-06-00
Pages
622-8
Language
English
Region
Germany
NLM ID
0360051
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/BF00160510 View journal details
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