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PMID: 3866241 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Upstream promoter element of the human metallothionein-IIA gene can act like an enhancer element.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 82 ·No. 24 ·1985-12-00 ·Pages 8572-6

Haslinger A, Karin M

Abstract

Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II in eukaryotes is strongly increased by cis-acting genetic elements, known as activators or enhancers. Enhancers, first detected in simian virus 40 (SV40), were subsequently also found to control the expression of several cellular genes. The human metallothionein-IIA (hMT-IIA) gene, although inducible by heavy metals and glucocorticoids, is widely expressed in most cell types in the absence of inducers. Here we show that the high basal level of transcription of the hMT-IIA gene is due to the presence of an enhancer element within the hMT-IIA promoter region. The structural and functional organization of this cellular enhancer element in two direct repeats is strikingly similar to that of the enhancer element of SV40. This suggests a possible functional and evolutionary relationship between enhancers and upstream promoter elements.

MeSH Terms
Acetyltransferases/genetics Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase Chromosome Deletion Chromosome Mapping DNA, Recombinant Enhancer Elements, Genetic Gene Expression Regulation Genes, Regulator Humans Metallothionein/genetics Promoter Regions, Genetic Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
Chemicals
DNA, Recombinant Metallothionein Acetyltransferases Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Haslinger A
Karin M
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34 references, click to expand
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Article Info
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Abbr.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
ISSN
0027-8424
DOI
10.1073/pnas.82.24.8572
Published
1985-12-00
Pages
8572-6
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7505876
PMCID
PMC390959
Subset
IM
Grants
NIEHS NIH HHS · ES03222 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.82.24.8572 PMC Full Text View journal details
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