Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 2547831 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Three myosin heavy chain isoforms in type 2 skeletal muscle fibres.

Journal of muscle research and cell motility ·Vol. 10 ·No. 3 ·1989-06-00 ·Pages 197-205

Schiaffino S, Gorza L, Sartore S, Saggin L, Ausoni S, Vianello M, Gundersen K, Lømo T

Abstract

Mammalian skeletal muscles consist of three main fibre types, type 1,2A and 2B fibres, with different myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition. We have now identified another fibre type, called type 2X fibre, characterized by a specific MHC isoform. Type 2X fibres, which are widely distributed in rat skeletal muscles, can be distinguished from 2A and 2B fibres by histochemical ATPase activity and by their unique staining pattern with seven anti-MHC monoclonal antibodies. The existence of the 2X-MHC isoform was confirmed by immunoblotting analysis using muscles containing 2X fibres as a major component, such as the normal and hyperthyroid diaphragm, and the soleus muscle after high frequency chronic stimulation. 2X-MHC contains one determinant common to 2B-MHC and another common to all type 2-MHCs, but lacks epitopes specific for 2A- and 2B-MHCs, as well as an epitope present on all other MHCs. By SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 2X-MHC shows a lower mobility compared to 2B-MHC and appears to comigrate with 2A-MHC. Muscles containing predominantly 2X-MHC display a velocity of shortening intermediate between that of slow muscles and that of fast muscles composed predominantly of 2B fibres.

MeSH Terms
Animals Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology Antibody Specificity Blotting, Western Electric Stimulation Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel Histocytochemistry Muscle Contraction Muscles/analysis Myosin Subfragments Myosins/analysis,immunology,physiology Peptide Fragments/immunology Rats
Chemicals
Antibodies, Monoclonal Myosin Subfragments Peptide Fragments Myosins
Authors & Affiliations
8 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Schiaffino S
Institute of General Pathology, University of Padova, Italy.
Gorza L
Sartore S
Saggin L
Ausoni S
Vianello M
Gundersen K
Lømo T
References (48)
48 references, click to expand
  1. Type 1, 2A, and 2B myosin heavy chain electrophoretic analysis of rat muscle fibers.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1986 Jul 31;138(2):981-7 PMID: 2943282
  2. Succinate dehydrogenase activity in fibres classified by myosin ATPase in three hind limb muscles of rat.
    J Physiol. 1981 Nov;320:73-80 PMID: 6459451
  3. The presence of two skeletal muscle alpha-actinins correlates with troponin-tropomyosin expression and Z-line width.
    J Cell Biol. 1985 Sep;101(3):1001-8 PMID: 4030889
  4. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4.
    Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 PMID: 5432063
  5. The isoforms of C protein and their distribution in mammalian skeletal muscle.
    J Muscle Res Cell Motil. 1985 Aug;6(4):487-505 PMID: 2933427
  6. Qualitative differences between actomyosin ATPase of slow and fast mammalian muscle.
    Exp Neurol. 1969 Sep;25(1):138-52 PMID: 4241609
  7. Preparation of myosin and its subfragments from rabbit skeletal muscle.
    Methods Enzymol. 1982;85 Pt B:55-71 PMID: 6214692
  8. A comparison of eight different chromogen protocols for the demonstration of immunoreactive neurofilaments or glial filaments in rat cerebellum using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method and monoclonal antibodies.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1983 Oct;31(10):1217-23 PMID: 6350434
  9. "Fast" isomyosins and fiber types in mammalian skeletal muscle.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1981 Oct;29(10):1179-88 PMID: 7028858
  10. Co-expression of multiple myosin heavy chain genes, in addition to a tissue-specific one, in extraocular musculature.
    J Cell Biol. 1985 Aug;101(2):618-29 PMID: 3894379
  11. Contractile properties and myosin isoenzymes of various kinds of Xenopus twitch muscle fibres.
    J Muscle Res Cell Motil. 1987 Jun;8(3):260-73 PMID: 3611330
  12. The muscle specificity and structure of two closely related fast-twitch white muscle myosin heavy chain isozymes.
    J Biol Chem. 1981 Nov 25;256(22):11847-53 PMID: 7298634
  13. Fibre types in extraocular muscles: a new myosin isoform in the fast fibres.
    J Muscle Res Cell Motil. 1987 Apr;8(2):161-72 PMID: 3597767
  14. Embryonic and neonatal myosin heavy chain in denervated and paralyzed rat skeletal muscle.
    Dev Biol. 1988 May;127(1):1-11 PMID: 3282936
  15. Myosin heavy chain isoforms and velocity of shortening of type 2 skeletal muscle fibres.
    Acta Physiol Scand. 1988 Dec;134(4):575-6 PMID: 3074626
  16. Slow-to-fast transformation of denervated soleus muscles by chronic high-frequency stimulation in the rat.
    J Physiol. 1988 Aug;402:627-49 PMID: 3236251
  17. ATPase activity of myosin correlated with speed of muscle shortening.
    J Gen Physiol. 1967 Jul;50(6):Suppl:197-218 PMID: 4227924
  18. Muscle fiber types: how many and what kind?
    Arch Neurol. 1970 Oct;23(4):369-79 PMID: 4248905
  19. Molecular heterogeneity of histochemical fibre types: a comparison of fast fibres.
    J Muscle Res Cell Motil. 1985 Aug;6(4):513-24 PMID: 4066929
  20. Myosin alkali light chain and heavy chain variations correlate with altered shortening velocity of isolated skeletal muscle fibers.
    J Biol Chem. 1988 Jun 25;263(18):9034-9 PMID: 3379059
  21. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350-4 PMID: 388439
  22. Dynamic properties of the inferior rectus, extensor digitorum longus, diaphragm and soleus muscles of the mouse.
    J Physiol. 1981;313:161-71 PMID: 7277215
  23. Location of C-protein, H-protein and X-protein in rabbit skeletal muscle fibre types.
    J Muscle Res Cell Motil. 1985 Apr;6(2):227-56 PMID: 3897279
  24. Electrophoretic analysis of multiple forms of rat cardiac myosin: effects of hypophysectomy and thyroxine replacement.
    J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1978 Nov;10(11):1053-76 PMID: 722801
  25. Heterogeneity of contractile proteins. A continuum of troponin-tropomyosin expression in mammalian skeletal muscle.
    J Biol Chem. 1985 Jan 25;260(2):1108-13 PMID: 3968057
  26. Embryonic myosin heavy chain as a differentiation marker of developing human skeletal muscle and rhabdomyosarcoma. A monoclonal antibody study.
    Exp Cell Res. 1986 Mar;163(1):211-20 PMID: 3002828
  27. Mechanical properties and myosin light chain composition of skinned muscle fibres from adult and new-born rabbits.
    J Physiol. 1981 Feb;311:201-18 PMID: 7264969
  28. Cytochemical demonstration of succinic dehydrogenase by the use of a new p-nitrophenyl substituted ditetrazole.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1957 Jul;5(4):420-36 PMID: 13463314
  29. Rabbit papillary muscle myosin isozymes and the velocity of muscle shortening.
    Circ Res. 1984 May;54(5):586-94 PMID: 6723002
  30. Histochemical composition, distribution of fibres and fatiguability of single motor units. Anterior tibial muscle of the rat.
    J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1968 Oct;31(5):424-33 PMID: 5709826
  31. Analysis of myosin light and heavy chain types in single human skeletal muscle fibers.
    Eur J Biochem. 1981 May 15;116(2):389-95 PMID: 6454576
  32. Re.: Purification of IgG monoclonal antibody by caprylic acid precipitation.
    J Immunol Methods. 1983 Dec 16;65(1-2):269-71 PMID: 6655243
  33. Relations between structure and function in rat skeletal muscle fibers.
    J Cell Biol. 1970 Oct;47(1):107-19 PMID: 5513549
  34. Transmission and contraction fatigue of rat motor units in relation to succinate dehydrogenase activity of motor unit fibres.
    J Physiol. 1979 Mar;288:285-300 PMID: 224167
  35. Physiological types and histochemical profiles in motor units of the cat gastrocnemius.
    J Physiol. 1973 Nov;234(3):723-48 PMID: 4148752
  36. Formation and characterization of myosin hybrids containing essential light chains and heavy chains from different muscle myosins.
    J Biol Chem. 1981 Mar 10;256(5):2493-8 PMID: 6450767
  37. Fetal myosin heavy chains in regenerating muscle.
    Nature. 1982 Jul 15;298(5871):294-6 PMID: 7045696
  38. Shortening velocity in single fibers from adult rabbit soleus muscles is correlated with myosin heavy chain composition.
    J Biol Chem. 1985 Aug 5;260(16):9077-80 PMID: 4019463
  39. Velocity of shortening and myosin isozymes in two types of rabbit fast-twitch muscle fibers.
    Am J Physiol. 1986 Sep;251(3 Pt 1):C431-4 PMID: 3019147
  40. Myosin isoenzymic distribution correlates with speed of myocardial contraction.
    J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1981 Dec;13(12):1071-5 PMID: 7328666
  41. Three fast myosin heavy chains in adult rat skeletal muscle.
    FEBS Lett. 1988 Aug 1;235(1-2):153-5 PMID: 3402594
  42. Mechanical properties of skinned single fibers of identified types from rat diaphragm.
    Am J Physiol. 1987 Aug;253(2 Pt 1):C210-8 PMID: 3303962
  43. Silver stain for proteins in polyacrylamide gels: a modified procedure with enhanced uniform sensitivity.
    Anal Biochem. 1981 Nov 1;117(2):307-10 PMID: 6172996
  44. Fast-white and fast-red isomyosins in guinea pig muscles.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Oct 31;96(4):1662-70 PMID: 7447948
  45. Comparison of muscle fiber typing by quantitative enzyme assays and by myosin ATPase staining.
    J Histochem Cytochem. 1984 Jun;32(6):655-60 PMID: 6202737
  46. All members of the MHC multigene family respond to thyroid hormone in a highly tissue-specific manner.
    Science. 1986 Feb 7;231(4738):597-600 PMID: 3945800
  47. Myosin types and fiber types in cardiac muscle. III. Nodal conduction tissue.
    J Cell Biol. 1986 May;102(5):1758-66 PMID: 3517006
  48. Fiber types in normal and neonatally denervated fast muscles of the rat: immunocytochemical study with an antimyosin monoclonal antibody.
    Exp Neurol. 1987 Sep;97(3):429-40 PMID: 2957227
Article Info
Journal
Journal of muscle research and cell motility
Abbr.
J Muscle Res Cell Motil
ISSN
0142-4319
DOI
10.1007/BF01739810
Published
1989-06-00
Pages
197-205
Language
English
Region
Netherlands
NLM ID
8006298
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/BF01739810 View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2