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PMID: 25057045 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Intestinal microbiota, microbial translocation, and systemic inflammation in chronic HIV infection.

The Journal of infectious diseases ·Vol. 211 ·No. 1 ·2015-01-01 ·Pages 19-27

Dinh DM, Volpe GE, Duffalo C, Bhalchandra S, Tai AK, Kane AV, Wanke CA, Ward HD

Abstract

Despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), patients with chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have increased microbial translocation and systemic inflammation. Alterations in the intestinal microbiota may play a role in microbial translocation and inflammation. We profiled the fecal microbiota by pyrosequencing the gene encoding 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and measured markers of microbial translocation and systemic inflammation in 21 patients who had chronic HIV infection and were receiving suppressive ART (cases) and 16 HIV-uninfected controls. The fecal microbial community composition was significantly different between cases and controls. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacteriales, Enterobacteriaceae, Erysipelotrichi, Erysipelotrichales, Erysipelotrichaceae, and Barnesiella was significantly enriched in cases, whereas that of Rikenellaceae and Alistipes was depleted. The plasma soluble CD14 level (sCD14) was significantly higher and the endotoxin core immunoglobulin M (IgM) level lower in cases, compared with controls. There were significant positive correlations between the relative abundances of Enterobacteriales and Enterobacteriaceae and the sCD14 level; the relative abundances of Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacteriales, and Enterobacteriaceae and the interleukin 1β (IL-1β) level; the relative abundances of Enterobacteriales and Enterobacteriaceae and the interferon γ level; and the relative abundances of Erysipelotrichi and Barnesiella and the TNF-α level. There were negative correlations between endotoxin core IgM and IL-1β levels. Patients who have chronic HIV infection and are receiving suppressive ART display intestinal dysbiosis associated with increased microbial translocation and significant associations between specific taxa and markers of microbial translocation and systemic inflammation. This was an exploratory study, the findings of which need to be confirmed.

Keywords
HIV dysbiosis inflammation microbial translocation microbiota
MeSH Terms
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/adverse effects,methods Bacterial Translocation/genetics,physiology Biomarkers/blood Case-Control Studies Feces/microbiology HIV Infections/drug therapy,genetics,microbiology,virology Humans Immunoglobulin M/blood Inflammation/genetics,microbiology,virology Interleukin-1beta/blood Intestines/drug effects,microbiology,virology Lipopolysaccharide Receptors/blood Microbiota/drug effects,genetics,physiology RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood
Chemicals
Biomarkers Immunoglobulin M Interleukin-1beta Lipopolysaccharide Receptors RNA, Ribosomal, 16S Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Authors & Affiliations
8 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Dinh Duy M
Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center.
Volpe Gretchen E
Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center Department of Public Health and Community Medicine.
Duffalo Chad
Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center.
Bhalchandra Seema
Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center.
Tai Albert K
Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
Kane Anne V
Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center.
Wanke Christine A
Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center Department of Public Health and Community Medicine.
Ward Honorine D
Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center Department of Public Health and Community Medicine.
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Article Info
Journal
The Journal of infectious diseases
Abbr.
J Infect Dis
ISSN
1537-6613
DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiu409
Published
2015-01-01
Epub
2014-00-23
Pages
19-27
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0413675
PMCID
PMC4326316
Subset
IM
Grants
NIAID NIH HHS · P30AI042853 · United States
NIDA NIH HHS · P30 DA013868 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · T32 AI007438 · United States
NIDA NIH HHS · P30DA013868 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · T32 AI07389 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · P30 AI042853 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · T32AI007438 · United States
NIAID NIH HHS · T32 AI007389 · United States
NHLBI NIH HHS · R01 HL6594 · United States
NCATS NIH HHS · UL1 TR000073 · United States
NHLBI NIH HHS · R01 HL096585 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu409 PMC Full Text View journal details
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