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PMID: 22224779 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Review

Microbial translocation across the GI tract.

Annual review of immunology ·Vol. 30 ·2012-00-00 ·Pages 149-73

Brenchley JM, Douek DC

Abstract

The lumen of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is home to an enormous quantity of different bacterial species, our microbiota, that thrive in an often symbiotic relationship with the host. Given that the healthy host must regulate contact between the microbiota and its immune system to avoid overwhelming systemic immune activation, humans have evolved several mechanisms to attenuate systemic microbial translocation (MT) and its consequences. However, several diseases are associated with the failure of one or more of these mechanisms, with consequent immune activation and deleterious effects on health. Here, we discuss the mechanisms underlying MT, diseases associated with MT, and therapeutic interventions that aim to decrease it.

MeSH Terms
Animals Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology,therapeutic use Digestive System Diseases/immunology,microbiology,therapy Gastrointestinal Tract/drug effects,immunology,microbiology Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology Humans Immunologic Factors/pharmacology,therapeutic use Metagenome/drug effects,physiology Probiotics/therapeutic use
Chemicals
Anti-Infective Agents Immunologic Factors
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Brenchley Jason M
Program in Barrier Immunity and Repair and Immunopathogenesis Unit, Lab of Molecular Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. jbrenchl@mail.nih.gov
Douek Daniel C
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Article Info
Journal
Annual review of immunology
Abbr.
Annu Rev Immunol
ISSN
1545-3278
DOI
10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-075001
Email
jbrenchl@mail.nih.gov
Published
2012-00-00
Epub
2012-00-03
Pages
149-73
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8309206
PMCID
PMC3513328
Subset
IM
Grants
Intramural NIH HHS · Z01 AI001029-01 · United States
Intramural NIH HHS · ZIA AI005034-09 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-075001 PMC Full Text View journal details
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