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PMID: 23016134 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Diet-induced dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota and the effects on immunity and disease.

Nutrients ·Vol. 4 ·No. 8 ·2012-00-00 ·Pages 1095-119

Brown K, DeCoffe D, Molcan E, Gibson DL

Abstract

The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota is the collection of microbes which reside in the GI tract and represents the largest source of non-self antigens in the human body. The GI tract functions as a major immunological organ as it must maintain tolerance to commensal and dietary antigens while remaining responsive to pathogenic stimuli. If this balance is disrupted, inappropriate inflammatory processes can result, leading to host cell damage and/or autoimmunity. Evidence suggests that the composition of the intestinal microbiota can influence susceptibility to chronic disease of the intestinal tract including ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, celiac disease and irritable bowel syndrome, as well as more systemic diseases such as obesity, type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Interestingly, a considerable shift in diet has coincided with increased incidence of many of these inflammatory diseases. It was originally believed that the composition of the intestinal microbiota was relatively stable from early childhood; however, recent evidence suggests that diet can cause dysbiosis, an alteration in the composition of the microbiota, which could lead to aberrant immune responses. The role of the microbiota and the potential for diet-induced dysbiosis in inflammatory conditions of the GI tract and systemic diseases will be discussed.

Keywords
disease susceptibility inflammation intestinal microbiota nutrition
MeSH Terms
Bacteria/classification Celiac Disease/microbiology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/microbiology Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/microbiology Diet Food Hypersensitivity Homeostasis Humans Inflammation Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/microbiology Intestines/microbiology Metabolic Syndrome/microbiology Obesity/microbiology
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Brown Kirsty
Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada. kirsty.brown12@gmail.com
DeCoffe Daniella
Molcan Erin
Gibson Deanna L
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Article Info
Journal
Nutrients
Abbr.
Nutrients
ISSN
2072-6643
DOI
10.3390/nu4081095
Email
kirsty.brown12@gmail.com
Published
2012-00-00
Epub
2012-00-21
Pages
1095-119
Language
English
Region
Switzerland
NLM ID
101521595
PMCID
PMC3448089
Subset
IM
Corrections
ErratumIn
-
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.3390/nu4081095 PMC Full Text View journal details
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