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PMID: 22837519 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

New paradigms in type 2 immunity.

Science (New York, N.Y.) ·Vol. 337 ·No. 6093 ·2012-07-27 ·Pages 431-5

Pulendran B, Artis D

Abstract

Nearly half of the world's population harbors helminth infections or suffers from allergic disorders. A common feature of this population is the so-called "type 2 immune response," which confers protection against helminths, but also promotes pathologic responses associated with allergic inflammation. However, the mechanisms that initiate and control type 2 responses remain enigmatic. Recent advances have revealed a role for the innate immune system in orchestrating type 2 responses against a bewildering array of stimuli, from nanometer-sized allergens to 20-meter-long helminth parasites. Here, we review these advances and suggest that the human immune system has evolved multiple mechanisms of sensing such stimuli, from recognition of molecular patterns via innate immune receptors to detecting metabolic changes and tissue damage caused by these stimuli.

MeSH Terms
Allergens/immunology Animals Basophils/immunology Biological Evolution Cell Communication Cellular Microenvironment Dendritic Cells/immunology Helminthiasis/immunology Helminths/immunology Humans Hypersensitivity/immunology Immunity, Innate Inflammation/immunology Receptors, Pattern Recognition/immunology,metabolism Signal Transduction Th2 Cells/immunology,metabolism
Chemicals
Allergens Receptors, Pattern Recognition
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Pulendran Bali
Department of Pathology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. bpulend@emory.edu
Artis David
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Article Info
Journal
Science (New York, N.Y.)
Abbr.
Science
ISSN
1095-9203
DOI
10.1126/science.1221064
Email
bpulend@emory.edu
Published
2012-07-27
Pages
431-5
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0404511
PMCID
PMC4078898
Subset
IM
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External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1126/science.1221064 PMC Full Text View journal details
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