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PMID: 21622786 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Impact of biochar application to soil on the root-associated bacterial community structure of fully developed greenhouse pepper plants.

Applied and environmental microbiology ·Vol. 77 ·No. 14 ·2011-07-00 ·Pages 4924-30

Kolton M, Meller Harel Y, Pasternak Z, Graber ER, Elad Y, Cytryn E

Abstract

Adding biochar to soil has environmental and agricultural potential due to its long-term carbon sequestration capacity and its ability to improve crop productivity. Recent studies have demonstrated that soil-applied biochar promotes the systemic resistance of plants to several prominent foliar pathogens. One potential mechanism for this phenomenon is root-associated microbial elicitors whose presence is somehow augmented in the biochar-amended soils. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of biochar amendment on the root-associated bacterial community composition of mature sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants. Molecular fingerprinting (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism) of 16S rRNA gene fragments showed a clear differentiation between the root-associated bacterial community structures of biochar-amended and control plants. The pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons from the rhizoplane of both treatments generated a total of 20,142 sequences, 92 to 95% of which were affiliated with the Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes phyla. The relative abundance of members of the Bacteroidetes phylum increased from 12 to 30% as a result of biochar amendment, while that of the Proteobacteria decreased from 71 to 47%. The Bacteroidetes-affiliated Flavobacterium was the strongest biochar-induced genus. The relative abundance of this group increased from 4.2% of total root-associated operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in control samples to 19.6% in biochar-amended samples. Additional biochar-induced genera included chitin and cellulose degraders (Chitinophaga and Cellvibrio, respectively) and aromatic compound degraders (Hydrogenophaga and Dechloromonas). We hypothesize that these biochar-augmented genera may be at least partially responsible for the beneficial effect of biochar amendment on plant growth and viability.

MeSH Terms
Base Sequence Biofilms/drug effects Capsicum/microbiology Charcoal/pharmacology Nucleotide Mapping Plant Diseases/microbiology Plant Roots/microbiology Polymerase Chain Reaction RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/chemistry,genetics Sequence Analysis, RNA Soil/chemistry Soil Microbiology
Chemicals
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S Soil biochar Charcoal
Authors & Affiliations
6 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Kolton Max
Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel.
Meller Harel Yael
Pasternak Zohar
Graber Ellen R
Elad Yigal
Cytryn Eddie
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Article Info
Journal
Applied and environmental microbiology
Abbr.
Appl Environ Microbiol
ISSN
1098-5336
DOI
10.1128/AEM.00148-11
Published
2011-07-00
Epub
2011-00-27
Pages
4924-30
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7605801
PMCID
PMC3147372
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00148-11 PMC Full Text View journal details
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