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PMID: 19470389 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Review

Stem cells and liver regeneration.

Gastroenterology ·Vol. 137 ·No. 2 ·2009-08-00 ·Pages 466-81

Duncan AW, Dorrell C, Grompe M

Abstract

One of the defining features of the liver is the capacity to maintain a constant size despite injury. Although the precise molecular signals involved in the maintenance of liver size are not completely known, it is clear that the liver delicately balances regeneration with overgrowth. Mammals, for example, can survive surgical removal of up to 75% of the total liver mass. Within 1 week after liver resection, the total number of liver cells is restored. Moreover, liver overgrowth can be induced by a variety of signals, including hepatocyte growth factor or peroxisome proliferators; the liver quickly returns to its normal size when the proliferative signal is removed. The extent to which liver stem cells mediate liver regeneration has been hotly debated. One of the primary reasons for this controversy is the use of multiple definitions for the hepatic stem cell. Definitions for the liver stem cell include the following: (1) cells responsible for normal tissue turnover, (2) cells that give rise to regeneration after partial hepatectomy, (3) cells responsible for progenitor-dependent regeneration, (4) cells that produce hepatocyte and bile duct epithelial phenotypes in vitro, and (5) transplantable liver-repopulating cells. This review will consider liver stem cells in the context of each definition.

MeSH Terms
Animals Cell Communication Cell Differentiation/physiology Disease Models, Animal Forecasting Graft Rejection Graft Survival Hepatocytes/physiology Humans Liver Failure/pathology,therapy Liver Regeneration/physiology Mice Prognosis Prospective Studies Rats Risk Assessment Stem Cell Transplantation/methods,trends Stem Cells/physiology Treatment Outcome
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Duncan Andrew W
Oregon Stem Cell Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098, USA.
Dorrell Craig
Grompe Markus
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Article Info
Journal
Gastroenterology
Abbr.
Gastroenterology
ISSN
1528-0012
DOI
10.1053/j.gastro.2009.05.044
Published
2009-08-00
Epub
2009-00-24
Pages
466-81
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0374630
PMCID
PMC3136245
Subset
IM
Grants
NIDDK NIH HHS · R01DK51592 · United States
NIDDK NIH HHS · R01 DK051592 · United States
NIDDK NIH HHS · R01 DK051592-14 · United States
NIDDK NIH HHS · F32DK076232 · United States
NIDDK NIH HHS · F32 DK076232 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.05.044 PMC Full Text View journal details
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