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PMID: 18226107 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

MicroRNA involvement in brain tumors: from bench to bedside.

Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) ·Vol. 18 ·No. 1 ·2008-01-00 ·Pages 122-9

Nicoloso MS, Calin GA

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a novel class of small non-coding RNAs, are effective post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, exhibiting, when altered in human tumors, both oncogenic and tumor suppressive potential. Recently, miRNA involvement in the pathophysiology of brain cancer has been assessed. Aberrant gene expression is the main mechanism of miRNAs dysfunction in cancer, with abnormal expression levels of mature and/or precursor miRNA expression in tumor samples versus normal. MiRNA germline and somatic mutations or polymorphisms in the protein coding messenger RNA targeted by miRNAs may also occur, contributing to cancer predisposition, initiation and/or progression. If present in somatic cells, miRNA alterations may play a role in tumor initiation, while if present in germ line cells they could constitute a cancer predisposing event. MiRNA expression profiling of human tumors has led to the identification of signatures correlated with the tumor diagnosis, staging, progression, prognosis and response to treatment. MiRNA fingerprinting can therefore be added to the diagnostic and prognostic tools used by medical oncologists. Furthermore, new therapeutic strategies involving miRNA silencing or miRNA mimics could be proposed based on the roles of these small non-coding RNAs as oncogenes and tumor suppressors in brain tumors.

MeSH Terms
Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis,genetics Gene Expression Profiling/methods Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics Gene Targeting/methods Genetic Therapy/methods Humans MicroRNAs/genetics Molecular Biology/methods RNA Interference RNA, Messenger/genetics
Chemicals
MicroRNAs RNA, Messenger
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Nicoloso Milena S
Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Calin George A
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Article Info
Journal
Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)
Abbr.
Brain Pathol
ISSN
1015-6305
DOI
10.1111/j.1750-3639.2007.00119.x
Published
2008-01-00
Pages
122-9
Language
English
Region
Switzerland
NLM ID
9216781
PMCID
PMC8095621
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2007.00119.x PMC Full Text View journal details
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