Abstract
In sequencing the genomes of two Xenorhabdus species, we encountered a large number of sequence repeats and assembly anomalies that stalled finishing efforts. This included a stretch of about 12 Kb that is over 99.9% identical between the plasmid and chromosome of X. nematophila. Whole genome restriction maps of the sequenced strains were produced through optical mapping technology. These maps allowed rapid resolution of sequence assembly problems, permitted closing of the genome, and allowed correction of a large inversion in a genome assembly that we had considered finished. Our experience suggests that routine use of optical mapping in bacterial genome sequence finishing is warranted. When combined with data produced through 454 sequencing, an optical map can rapidly and inexpensively generate an ordered and oriented set of contigs to produce a nearly complete genome sequence assembly.
MeSH Terms
Chromosomes, Bacterial
Computer Simulation
Contig Mapping
DNA Transposable Elements
DNA, Bacterial/genetics
Genome, Bacterial
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Plasmids
RNA, Ribosomal
Restriction Mapping
Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods
Xenorhabdus/genetics
Chemicals
DNA Transposable Elements
DNA, Bacterial
RNA, Ribosomal
Authors & Affiliations
14 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Latreille Phil
Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard St. Louis, MO 63167, USA. jplatre@monsanto.com
Norton Stacie
Goldman Barry S
Henkhaus John
Miller Nancy
Barbazuk Brad
Bode Helge B
Darby Creg
Du Zijin
Forst Steve
Gaudriault Sophie
Goodner Brad
Goodrich-Blair Heidi
Slater Steven
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