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PMID: 17601817 Published · ppublish English Journal Article

The tomato rhizosphere, an environment rich in nitrogen-fixing Burkholderia species with capabilities of interest for agriculture and bioremediation.

Applied and environmental microbiology ·Vol. 73 ·No. 16 ·2007-08-00 ·Pages 5308-19

Caballero-Mellado J, Onofre-Lemus J, Estrada-de Los Santos P, Martínez-Aguilar L

Abstract

Burkholderia strains are promising candidates for biotechnological applications. Unfortunately, most of these strains belong to species of the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) involved in human infections, hampering potential applications. Novel diazotrophic Burkholderia species, phylogenetically distant from the Bcc species, have been discovered recently, but their environmental distribution and relevant features for agro-biotechnological applications are little known. In this work, the occurrence of N2-fixing Burkholderia species in the rhizospheres and rhizoplanes of tomato plants field grown in Mexico was assessed. The results revealed a high level of diversity of diazotrophic Burkholderia species, including B. unamae, B. xenovorans, B. tropica, and two other unknown species, one of them phylogenetically closely related to B. kururiensis. These N2-fixing Burkholderia species exhibited activities involved in bioremediation, plant growth promotion, or biological control in vitro. Remarkably, B. unamae and B. kururiensis grew with aromatic compounds (phenol and benzene) as carbon sources, and the presence of aromatic oxygenase genes was confirmed in both species. The rhizospheric and endophyte nature of B. unamae and its ability to degrade aromatic compounds suggest that it could be used in rhizoremediation and for improvement of phytoremediation. B. kururiensis and other Burkholderia sp. strains grew with toluene. B. unamae and B. xenovorans exhibited ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid) deaminase activity, and the occurrence of acdS genes encoding ACC deaminase was confirmed. Mineral phosphate solubilization through organic acid production appears to be the mechanism used by most diazotrophic Burkholderia species, but in B. tropica, there presumably exists an additional unknown mechanism. Most of the diazotrophic Burkholderia species produced hydroxamate-type siderophores. Certainly, the N2-fixing Burkholderia species associated with plants have great potential for agro-biotechnological applications.

MeSH Terms
Agriculture/methods Biodegradation, Environmental Burkholderia/classification,genetics,metabolism Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel Lycopersicon esculentum/microbiology Molecular Sequence Data Nitrogen Fixation Phosphates/metabolism Phylogeny Plant Roots/microbiology Polymerase Chain Reaction RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics Sequence Analysis, DNA Siderophores/metabolism Soil Microbiology
Chemicals
Phosphates RNA, Ribosomal, 16S Siderophores
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Caballero-Mellado Jesús
Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ap. Postal 565-A, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. jesuscab@ccg.unam.mx
Onofre-Lemus Janette
Estrada-de Los Santos Paulina
Martínez-Aguilar Lourdes
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Article Info
Journal
Applied and environmental microbiology
Abbr.
Appl Environ Microbiol
ISSN
0099-2240
DOI
10.1128/AEM.00324-07
Email
jesuscab@ccg.unam.mx
Published
2007-08-00
Epub
2007-00-29
Pages
5308-19
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7605801
PMCID
PMC1950987
Subset
IM
Databases
GENBANK
EF139178, EF139179, EF139180, EF139181, EF139182, EF139183, EF139184, EF139185, EF139186, EF139187, EF139188, EF151008, EF151009, EF151010, EF151011, EF151012, EF151013, EF158449, EF408192, EF408193, EF408194
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00324-07 PMC Full Text View journal details
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