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PMID: 17511521 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Genetic and physical mapping of DNA replication origins in Haloferax volcanii.

PLoS genetics ·Vol. 3 ·No. 5 ·2007-05-18 ·Pages e77

Norais C, Hawkins M, Hartman AL, Eisen JA, Myllykallio H, Allers T

Abstract

The halophilic archaeon Haloferax volcanii has a multireplicon genome, consisting of a main chromosome, three secondary chromosomes, and a plasmid. Genes for the initiator protein Cdc6/Orc1, which are commonly located adjacent to archaeal origins of DNA replication, are found on all replicons except plasmid pHV2. However, prediction of DNA replication origins in H. volcanii is complicated by the fact that this species has no less than 14 cdc6/orc1 genes. We have used a combination of genetic, biochemical, and bioinformatic approaches to map DNA replication origins in H. volcanii. Five autonomously replicating sequences were found adjacent to cdc6/orc1 genes and replication initiation point mapping was used to confirm that these sequences function as bidirectional DNA replication origins in vivo. Pulsed field gel analyses revealed that cdc6/orc1-associated replication origins are distributed not only on the main chromosome (2.9 Mb) but also on pHV1 (86 kb), pHV3 (442 kb), and pHV4 (690 kb) replicons. Gene inactivation studies indicate that linkage of the initiator gene to the origin is not required for replication initiation, and genetic tests with autonomously replicating plasmids suggest that the origin located on pHV1 and pHV4 may be dominant to the principal chromosomal origin. The replication origins we have identified appear to show a functional hierarchy or differential usage, which might reflect the different replication requirements of their respective chromosomes. We propose that duplication of H. volcanii replication origins was a prerequisite for the multireplicon structure of this genome, and that this might provide a means for chromosome-specific replication control under certain growth conditions. Our observations also suggest that H. volcanii is an ideal organism for studying how replication of four replicons is regulated in the context of the archaeal cell cycle.

MeSH Terms
Base Composition Base Sequence Chromosomes, Archaeal/genetics DNA Replication/genetics Genes, Archaeal Genetic Vectors Haloferax volcanii/genetics Molecular Sequence Data Physical Chromosome Mapping Plasmids Replication Origin/genetics Sequence Deletion Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid Transformation, Genetic
Authors & Affiliations
6 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Norais Cédric
Institut de Génétique et Microbiologie, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France.
Hawkins Michelle
Hartman Amber L
Eisen Jonathan A
Myllykallio Hannu
Allers Thorsten
Conflict of Interest

Competing interests. The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Article Info
Journal
PLoS genetics
Abbr.
PLoS Genet
ISSN
1553-7404
DOI
10.1371/journal.pgen.0030077
Published
2007-05-18
Epub
2007-00-05
Pages
e77
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
101239074
PMCID
PMC1868953
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.0030077 PMC Full Text View journal details
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