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PMID: 16157677 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Human endogenous retroviral elements as indicators of ectopic recombination events in the primate genome.

Genetics ·Vol. 171 ·No. 3 ·2005-11-00 ·Pages 1183-94

Hughes JF, Coffin JM

Abstract

HERV elements make up a significant fraction of the human genome and, as interspersed repetitive elements, have the capacity to provide substrates for ectopic recombination and gene conversion events. To understand the extent to which these events occur and gain further insight into the complex evolutionary history of these elements in our genome, we undertook a phylogenetic study of the long terminal repeat sequences of 15 HERV-K(HML-2) elements in various primate species. This family of human endogenous retroviruses first entered the primate genome between 35 and 45 million years ago. Throughout primate evolution, these elements have undergone bursts of amplification. From this analysis, which is the largest-scale study of HERV sequence dynamics during primate evolution to date, we were able to detect intraelement gene conversion and recombination at five HERV-K loci. We also found evidence for replacement of an ancient element by another HERV-K provirus, apparently reflecting an occurrence of retroviral integration by homologous recombination. The high frequency of these events casts doubt on the accuracy of integration time estimates based only on divergence between retroelement LTRs.

MeSH Terms
Animals Endogenous Retroviruses/genetics Evolution, Molecular Gene Conversion Genetic Markers Genome Humans Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Primates/genetics Recombination, Genetic Terminal Repeat Sequences
Chemicals
Genetic Markers
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Hughes Jennifer F
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Program in Genetics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.
Coffin John M
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Article Info
Journal
Genetics
Abbr.
Genetics
ISSN
0016-6731
DOI
10.1534/genetics.105.043976
Published
2005-11-00
Epub
2005-00-12
Pages
1183-94
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0374636
PMCID
PMC1456821
Subset
IM
Grants
NCI NIH HHS · R01 CA089441 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · CA5441 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · R01CA89441 · United States
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PubMed source DOI: 10.1534/genetics.105.043976 PMC Full Text View journal details
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