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PMID: 15908587 Published · epublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Formation and properties of hairpin and tetraplex structures of guanine-rich regulatory sequences of muscle-specific genes.

Nucleic acids research ·Vol. 33 ·No. 9 ·2005-00-00 ·Pages 2887-900

Yafe A, Etzioni S, Weisman-Shomer P, Fry M

Abstract

Clustered guanine residues in DNA readily generate hairpin or a variety of tetrahelical structures. The myogenic determination protein MyoD was reported to bind to a tetrahelical structure of guanine-rich enhancer sequence of muscle creatine kinase (MCK) more tightly than to its target E-box motif [K. Walsh and A. Gualberto (1992) J. Biol. Chem., 267, 13714-13718], suggesting that tetraplex structures of regulatory sequences of muscle-specific genes could contribute to transcriptional regulation. In the current study we show that promoter or enhancer sequences of various muscle-specific genes display a disproportionately high incidence of guanine clusters. The sequences derived from the guanine-rich promoter or enhancer regions of three muscle-specific genes, human sarcomeric mitochondrial creatine kinase (sMtCK), mouse MCK and alpha7 integrin formed diverse secondary structures. The sMtCK sequence folded into a hairpin structure; the alpha7 integrin oligonucleotide generated a unimolecular tetraplex; and sequences from all three genes associated to generate bimolecular tetraplexes. Furthermore, two neighboring non-contiguous guanine-rich tracts in the alpha7 integrin promoter region also paired to form a tetraplex structure. We also show that homodimeric MyoD bound bimolecular tetraplex structures of muscle-specific regulatory sequences more efficiently than its target E-box motif. These results are consistent with a role of tetrahelical structures of DNA in the regulation of muscle-specific gene expression.

MeSH Terms
Antigens, CD/genetics Base Sequence Creatine Kinase/genetics Creatine Kinase, MM Form Creatine Kinase, Mitochondrial Form DNA/chemistry E-Box Elements Enhancer Elements, Genetic G-Quadruplexes Guanine/analysis Integrin alpha Chains/genetics Isoenzymes/genetics Molecular Sequence Data Muscles/metabolism MyoD Protein/metabolism Nucleic Acid Conformation Porphyrins/chemistry Promoter Regions, Genetic Temperature
Chemicals
Antigens, CD Integrin alpha Chains Isoenzymes MyoD Protein Porphyrins integrin alpha7 Guanine DNA Creatine Kinase Creatine Kinase, MM Form Creatine Kinase, Mitochondrial Form
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Yafe Anat
Department of Biochemistry, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology PO Box 9649 Bat Galim, Haifa 31096, Israel.
Etzioni Shulamit
Weisman-Shomer Pnina
Fry Michael
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Article Info
Journal
Nucleic acids research
Abbr.
Nucleic Acids Res
ISSN
1362-4962
DOI
10.1093/nar/gki606
Published
2005-00-00
Epub
2005-00-20
Pages
2887-900
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
0411011
PMCID
PMC1133794
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1093/nar/gki606 PMC Full Text View journal details
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