Microbial communities associated with geological horizons in coastal subseafloor sediments from the sea of okhotsk.

Applied and environmental microbiology ·Vol. 69 ·No. 12 ·2003-12-00 ·Pages 7224-35

Inagaki F, Suzuki M, Takai K, Oida H, Sakamoto T, Aoki K, Nealson KH, Horikoshi K

Abstract

Microbial communities from a subseafloor sediment core from the southwestern Sea of Okhotsk were evaluated by performing both cultivation-dependent and cultivation-independent (molecular) analyses. The core, which extended 58.1 m below the seafloor, was composed of pelagic clays with several volcanic ash layers containing fine pumice grains. Direct cell counting and quantitative PCR analysis of archaeal and bacterial 16S rRNA gene fragments indicated that the bacterial populations in the ash layers were approximately 2 to 10 times larger than those in the clays. Partial sequences of 1,210 rRNA gene clones revealed that there were qualitative differences in the microbial communities from the two different types of layers. Two phylogenetically distinct archaeal assemblages in the Crenarchaeota, the miscellaneous crenarchaeotic group and the deep-sea archaeal group, were the most predominant archaeal 16S rRNA gene components in the ash layers and the pelagic clays, respectively. Clones of 16S rRNA gene sequences from members of the gamma subclass of the class Proteobacteria dominated the ash layers, whereas sequences from members of the candidate division OP9 and the green nonsulfur bacteria dominated the pelagic clay environments. Molecular (16S rRNA gene sequence) analysis of 181 isolated colonies revealed that there was regional proliferation of viable heterotrophic mesophiles in the volcanic ash layers, along with some gram-positive bacteria and actinobacteria. The porous ash layers, which ranged in age from tens of thousands of years to hundreds of thousands of years, thus appear to be discrete microbial habitats within the coastal subseafloor clay sediment, which are capable of harboring microbial communities that are very distinct from the communities in the more abundant pelagic clays.

MeSH Terms

Colony Count, Microbial Crenarchaeota/classification,genetics,growth & development,isolation & purification DNA, Archaeal/analysis DNA, Bacterial/analysis Ecosystem Gammaproteobacteria/classification,genetics,growth & development,isolation & purification Genes, rRNA Geologic Sediments/microbiology Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics Seawater/microbiology Sequence Analysis, DNA

Chemicals

DNA, Archaeal DNA, Bacterial RNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Authors & Affiliations

8 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID

Inagaki Fumio

Subground Animalcule Retrieval (SUGAR) Project, Frontier Research System for Extremophiles, Japan. inagaki@jamstec.go.jp

Suzuki Masae

Takai Ken

Oida Hanako

Sakamoto Tatsuhiko

Aoki Kaori

Nealson Kenneth H

Horikoshi Koki

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Article Info

Journal

Applied and environmental microbiology

Abbr.

Appl Environ Microbiol

ISSN

0099-2240

DOI

10.1128/AEM.69.12.7224-7235.2003

inagaki@jamstec.go.jp

Published

2003-12-00

Pages

7224-35

Language

English

Region

United States

NLM ID

7605801

PMCID

PMC309994

Subset

Databases

GENBANK

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PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/AEM.69.12.7224-7235.2003 PMC Full Text View journal details

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