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PMID: 11792842 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Complete genome sequence of Clostridium perfringens, an anaerobic flesh-eater.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 99 ·No. 2 ·2002-01-22 ·Pages 996-1001

Shimizu T, Ohtani K, Hirakawa H, Ohshima K, Yamashita A, Shiba T, Ogasawara N, Hattori M, Kuhara S, Hayashi H

Abstract

Clostridium perfringens is a Gram-positive anaerobic spore-forming bacterium that causes life-threatening gas gangrene and mild enterotoxaemia in humans, although it colonizes as normal intestinal flora of humans and animals. The organism is known to produce a variety of toxins and enzymes that are responsible for the severe myonecrotic lesions. Here we report the complete 3,031,430-bp sequence of C. perfringens strain 13 that comprises 2,660 protein coding regions and 10 rRNA genes, showing pronounced low overall G + C content (28.6%). The genome contains typical anaerobic fermentation enzymes leading to gas production but no enzymes for the tricarboxylic acid cycle or respiratory chain. Various saccharolytic enzymes were found, but many enzymes for amino acid biosynthesis were lacking in the genome. Twenty genes were newly identified as putative virulence factors of C. perfringens, and we found a total of five hyaluronidase genes that will also contribute to virulence. The genome analysis also proved an efficient method for finding four members of the two-component VirR/VirS regulon that coordinately regulates the pathogenicity of C. perfringens. Clearly, C. perfringens obtains various essential materials from the host by producing several degradative enzymes and toxins, resulting in massive destruction of the host tissues.

MeSH Terms
Amino Acids/biosynthesis Anaerobiosis Animals Bacterial Proteins/genetics Bacterial Toxins/genetics Base Sequence Biological Transport, Active Chromosome Mapping Clostridium perfringens/genetics,metabolism,pathogenicity DNA, Bacterial/genetics Energy Metabolism Enzymes/genetics Gas Gangrene/etiology Genome, Bacterial Humans Molecular Sequence Data Regulon Spores, Bacterial/genetics
Chemicals
Amino Acids Bacterial Proteins Bacterial Toxins DNA, Bacterial Enzymes mry protein, Streptococcus pyogenes
Authors & Affiliations
10 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Shimizu Tohru
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. tshimizu@md.tsubuka.ac.jp
Ohtani Kaori
Hirakawa Hideki
Ohshima Kenshiro
Yamashita Atsushi
Shiba Tadayoshi
Ogasawara Naotake
Hattori Masahira
Kuhara Satoru
Hayashi Hideo
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Article Info
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Abbr.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
ISSN
0027-8424
DOI
10.1073/pnas.022493799
Email
tshimizu@md.tsubuka.ac.jp
Published
2002-01-22
Epub
2002-00-15
Pages
996-1001
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7505876
PMCID
PMC117419
Subset
IM
Databases
GENBANK
AP003185, AP003186, AP003187, AP003188, AP003189, AP003190, AP003191, AP003192, AP003193, AP003194, AP003515
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.022493799 PMC Full Text View journal details
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