Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 10712515 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Identification of two RNA-binding proteins associated with human telomerase RNA.

Molecular biology of the cell ·Vol. 11 ·No. 3 ·2000-03-00 ·Pages 999-1010

Le S, Sternglanz R, Greider CW

Abstract

Telomerase plays a crucial role in telomere maintenance in vivo. To understand telomerase regulation, we have been characterizing components of the enzyme. To date several components of the mammalian telomerase holoenzyme have been identified: the essential RNA component (human telomerase RNA [hTR]), the catalytic subunit human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), and telomerase-associated protein 1. Here we describe the identification of two new proteins that interact with hTR: hStau and L22. Antisera against both proteins immunoprecipitated hTR, hTERT, and telomerase activity from cell extracts, suggesting that the proteins are associated with telomerase. Both proteins localized to the nucleolus and cytoplasm. Although these proteins are associated with telomerase, we found no evidence of their association with each other or with telomerase-associated protein 1. Both hStau and L22 are more abundant than TERT. This, together with their localization, suggests that they may be associated with other ribonucleoprotein complexes in cells. We propose that these two hTR-associated proteins may play a role in hTR processing, telomerase assembly, or localization in vivo.

MeSH Terms
Amino Acid Sequence Biological Transport Cloning, Molecular Cytoskeletal Proteins HeLa Cells Humans Jurkat Cells Macromolecular Substances Molecular Sequence Data RNA/metabolism RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism Ribonucleoproteins/metabolism Ribosomal Proteins Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Subcellular Fractions Telomerase/metabolism
Chemicals
Cytoskeletal Proteins Macromolecular Substances RNA-Binding Proteins Ribonucleoproteins Ribosomal Proteins STAU1 protein, human staufen protein, mammalian RPL22 protein, human RNA Telomerase
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Le S
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Sternglanz R
Greider C W
References (67)
67 references, click to expand
  1. Staufen-dependent localization of prospero mRNA contributes to neuroblast daughter-cell fate.
    Nature. 1998 Feb 19;391(6669):792-5 PMID: 9486649
  2. hEST2, the putative human telomerase catalytic subunit gene, is up-regulated in tumor cells and during immortalization.
    Cell. 1997 Aug 22;90(4):785-95 PMID: 9288757
  3. Reconstitution of human telomerase activity in vitro.
    Curr Biol. 1998 Jan 29;8(3):177-80 PMID: 9443919
  4. A human sequence homologue of Staufen is an RNA-binding protein that is associated with polysomes and localizes to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Mar;19(3):2212-9 PMID: 10022908
  5. Expression of mouse telomerase catalytic subunit in embryos and adult tissues.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Sep 1;95(18):10471-6 PMID: 9724727
  6. Structure of the C-terminal region of p21(WAF1/CIP1) complexed with human PCNA.
    Cell. 1996 Oct 18;87(2):297-306 PMID: 8861913
  7. Vaults and telomerase share a common subunit, TEP1.
    J Biol Chem. 1999 Nov 12;274(46):32712-7 PMID: 10551828
  8. Reverse transcriptase motifs in the catalytic subunit of telomerase.
    Science. 1997 Apr 25;276(5312):561-7 PMID: 9110970
  9. Functional characterization and developmental regulation of mouse telomerase RNA.
    Science. 1995 Sep 1;269(5228):1267-70 PMID: 7544492
  10. Senescence mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a defect in telomere replication identify three additional EST genes.
    Genetics. 1996 Dec;144(4):1399-412 PMID: 8978029
  11. A three-hybrid system to detect RNA-protein interactions in vivo.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Aug 6;93(16):8496-501 PMID: 8710898
  12. Functional expression of cloned human splicing factor SF2: homology to RNA-binding proteins, U1 70K, and Drosophila splicing regulators.
    Cell. 1991 Jul 26;66(2):383-94 PMID: 1830244
  13. Staufen protein associates with the 3'UTR of bicoid mRNA to form particles that move in a microtubule-dependent manner.
    Cell. 1994 Dec 30;79(7):1221-32 PMID: 8001156
  14. The trials and travels of tRNA.
    Genes Dev. 1999 Jan 1;13(1):1-10 PMID: 9887094
  15. Phosphorylated CREB binds specifically to the nuclear protein CBP.
    Nature. 1993 Oct 28;365(6449):855-9 PMID: 8413673
  16. The plurifunctional nucleolus.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1998 Sep 1;26(17):3871-6 PMID: 9705492
  17. Tetrahymena telomerase catalyzes nucleolytic cleavage and nonprocessive elongation.
    Genes Dev. 1993 Jul;7(7B):1364-76 PMID: 8330740
  18. Separate domains of p21 involved in the inhibition of Cdk kinase and PCNA.
    Nature. 1995 Mar 23;374(6520):386-8 PMID: 7885482
  19. Processing of nontelomeric 3' ends by telomerase: default template alignment and endonucleolytic cleavage.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Jul;16(7):3437-45 PMID: 8668159
  20. Dissociation among in vitro telomerase activity, telomere maintenance, and cellular immortalization.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Dec 8;95(25):14723-8 PMID: 9843956
  21. A conserved double-stranded RNA-binding domain.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Nov 15;89(22):10979-83 PMID: 1438302
  22. Nucleolar localization signals of box H/ACA small nucleolar RNAs.
    EMBO J. 1999 Sep 15;18(18):5120-30 PMID: 10487763
  23. Three Ever Shorter Telomere (EST) genes are dispensable for in vitro yeast telomerase activity.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Oct 14;94(21):11190-5 PMID: 9326584
  24. Reconstitution of human telomerase with the template RNA component hTR and the catalytic protein subunit hTRT.
    Nat Genet. 1997 Dec;17(4):498-502 PMID: 9398860
  25. Expression of mouse telomerase reverse transcriptase during development, differentiation and proliferation.
    Oncogene. 1998 Apr 2;16(13):1723-30 PMID: 9582020
  26. Association of the Est1 protein with telomerase activity in yeast.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 2;93(7):2817-21 PMID: 8610124
  27. Reconstitution of telomerase activity in normal human cells leads to elongation of telomeres and extended replicative life span.
    Curr Biol. 1998 Feb 26;8(5):279-82 PMID: 9501072
  28. A small peptide inhibitor of DNA replication defines the site of interaction between the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen.
    Curr Biol. 1995 Mar 1;5(3):275-82 PMID: 7780738
  29. Specific association of human telomerase activity with immortal cells and cancer.
    Science. 1994 Dec 23;266(5193):2011-5 PMID: 7605428
  30. Human telomerase contains evolutionarily conserved catalytic and structural subunits.
    Genes Dev. 1997 Dec 1;11(23):3109-15 PMID: 9389643
  31. TLC1: template RNA component of Saccharomyces cerevisiae telomerase.
    Science. 1994 Oct 21;266(5184):404-9 PMID: 7545955
  32. Role of acidic phosphoproteins in the partial reconstitution of the active 60 S ribosomal subunit.
    FEBS Lett. 1987 May 25;216(1):83-8 PMID: 3582668
  33. The telomere terminal transferase of Tetrahymena is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme with two kinds of primer specificity.
    Cell. 1987 Dec 24;51(6):887-98 PMID: 3319189
  34. Telomerase RNAs of different ciliates have a common secondary structure and a permuted template.
    Genes Dev. 1994 Aug 15;8(16):1984-98 PMID: 7958872
  35. TLP1: a gene encoding a protein component of mammalian telomerase is a novel member of WD repeats family.
    Cell. 1997 Mar 21;88(6):875-84 PMID: 9118230
  36. Telomerase primer specificity and chromosome healing.
    Nature. 1991 Oct 3;353(6343):451-4 PMID: 1896088
  37. In vitro selection of RNA ligands for the ribosomal L22 protein associated with Epstein-Barr virus-expressed RNA by using randomized and cDNA-derived RNA libraries.
    J Virol. 1995 Dec;69(12):8027-34 PMID: 7494316
  38. Telomere shortening associated with chromosome instability is arrested in immortal cells which express telomerase activity.
    EMBO J. 1992 May;11(5):1921-9 PMID: 1582420
  39. Interaction of recombinant Tetrahymena telomerase proteins p80 and p95 with telomerase RNA and telomeric DNA substrates.
    Genes Dev. 1998 Mar 1;12(5):721-33 PMID: 9499406
  40. Creation of human tumour cells with defined genetic elements.
    Nature. 1999 Jul 29;400(6743):464-8 PMID: 10440377
  41. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) small RNA EBER1 binds and relocalizes ribosomal protein L22 in EBV-infected human B lymphocytes.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Apr 12;91(8):3463-7 PMID: 8159770
  42. Telomerase catalytic subunit homologs from fission yeast and human.
    Science. 1997 Aug 15;277(5328):955-9 PMID: 9252327
  43. p21 is a universal inhibitor of cyclin kinases.
    Nature. 1993 Dec 16;366(6456):701-4 PMID: 8259214
  44. Reconstitution of human telomerase activity and identification of a minimal functional region of the human telomerase RNA.
    EMBO J. 1996 Nov 1;15(21):5928-35 PMID: 8918470
  45. A box H/ACA small nucleolar RNA-like domain at the human telomerase RNA 3' end.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Jan;19(1):567-76 PMID: 9858580
  46. Functional requirement of p23 and Hsp90 in telomerase complexes.
    Genes Dev. 1999 Apr 1;13(7):817-26 PMID: 10197982
  47. Purification of Tetrahymena telomerase and cloning of genes encoding the two protein components of the enzyme.
    Cell. 1995 Jun 2;81(5):677-86 PMID: 7774009
  48. A conserved secondary structure for telomerase RNA.
    Cell. 1991 Oct 18;67(2):343-53 PMID: 1840508
  49. Utilization of ribonucleotides and RNA primers by Tetrahymena telomerase.
    EMBO J. 1995 Nov 1;14(21):5422-32 PMID: 7489731
  50. The RNA component of human telomerase.
    Science. 1995 Sep 1;269(5228):1236-41 PMID: 7544491
  51. A telomeric sequence in the RNA of Tetrahymena telomerase required for telomere repeat synthesis.
    Nature. 1989 Jan 26;337(6205):331-7 PMID: 2463488
  52. Essential role of mouse telomerase in highly proliferative organs.
    Nature. 1998 Apr 9;392(6676):569-74 PMID: 9560153
  53. Cap-prevented recombination between terminal telomeric repeat arrays (telomere CPR) maintains telomeres in Kluyveromyces lactis lacking telomerase.
    Genes Dev. 1996 Jul 15;10(14):1822-34 PMID: 8698241
  54. A mammalian telomerase-associated protein.
    Science. 1997 Feb 14;275(5302):973-7 PMID: 9020079
  55. One-step affinity purification protocol for human telomerase.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1998 Jul 1;26(13):3311-3 PMID: 9628936
  56. Mammalian staufen is a double-stranded-RNA- and tubulin-binding protein which localizes to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Mar;19(3):2220-30 PMID: 10022909
  57. Extension of life-span by introduction of telomerase into normal human cells.
    Science. 1998 Jan 16;279(5349):349-52 PMID: 9454332
  58. Vaults are the answer, what is the question?
    Trends Cell Biol. 1996 May;6(5):174-8 PMID: 15157468
  59. An in vitro assay for Saccharomyces telomerase requires EST1.
    Cell. 1995 Jun 30;81(7):1127-35 PMID: 7600580
  60. Purification of telomerase from Euplotes aediculatus: requirement of a primer 3' overhang.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Oct 1;93(20):10712-7 PMID: 8855245
  61. STATs and gene regulation.
    Science. 1997 Sep 12;277(5332):1630-5 PMID: 9287210
  62. Evidence that vault ribonucleoprotein particles localize to the nuclear pore complex.
    J Cell Sci. 1993 Sep;106 ( Pt 1):23-9 PMID: 8270627
  63. Telomere shortening and tumor formation by mouse cells lacking telomerase RNA.
    Cell. 1997 Oct 3;91(1):25-34 PMID: 9335332
  64. Staufen, a gene required to localize maternal RNAs in the Drosophila egg.
    Cell. 1991 Jul 12;66(1):51-63 PMID: 1712672
  65. Advances in quantification and characterization of telomerase activity by the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP).
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1997 Jul 1;25(13):2595-7 PMID: 9185569
  66. Transcription factor-specific requirements for coactivators and their acetyltransferase functions.
    Science. 1998 Jan 30;279(5351):703-7 PMID: 9445475
  67. Nuclear protein CBP is a coactivator for the transcription factor CREB.
    Nature. 1994 Jul 21;370(6486):223-6 PMID: 7913207
Article Info
Journal
Molecular biology of the cell
Abbr.
Mol Biol Cell
ISSN
1059-1524
Published
2000-03-00
Pages
999-1010
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
9201390
PMCID
PMC14826
Subset
IM
Grants
NCI NIH HHS · F32 CA068736 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R56 GM028220 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM-28220 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM028220 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · CA-68736 · United States
NIA NIH HHS · R37 AG009383 · United States
NIA NIH HHS · AG-09383 · United States
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: product@genelibs.com