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PMID: 10642495 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Review

Phospholipase D: molecular and cell biology of a novel gene family.

The Biochemical journal ·Vol. 345 Pt 3 ·2000-02-01 ·Pages 401-15

Liscovitch M, Czarny M, Fiucci G, Tang X

Abstract

Interaction of extracellular-signal molecules with cell-surface receptors often activates a phospholipase D (PLD)-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine and other phospholipids, generating phosphatidic acid. The activation of PLD is believed to play an important role in the regulation of cell function and cell fate. Multiple PLD activities were characterized in eukaryotic cells, and, more recently, several PLD genes have been cloned. A PLD gene superfamily, defined by a number of structural domains and sequence motifs, also includes phosphatidyltransferases and certain phosphodiesterases. Among the eukaryotic PLD genes are those from mammals, nematodes, fungi and plants. The present review focuses on the structure, localization, regulation and possible functions of cloned mammalian and yeast PLDs. In addition, an overview of plant PLD genes, and of several distinct PLD activities that have not yet been cloned, is provided. Emerging evidence from recent work employing new molecular tools indicates that different PLD isoforms are localized in distinct cellular organelles, where they are likely to serve diverse functions in signal transduction, membrane vesicle trafficking and cytoskeletal dynamics.

MeSH Terms
Animals Biological Transport Humans Mammals Neutrophils/enzymology Phospholipase D/chemistry,physiology Phylogeny Plants/enzymology,genetics Tissue Distribution Yeasts/enzymology
Chemicals
Phospholipase D
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Liscovitch M
Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel. moti.liscovitch@weizmann.ac.il
Czarny M
Fiucci G
Tang X
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Article Info
Journal
The Biochemical journal
Abbr.
Biochem J
ISSN
0264-6021
Email
moti.liscovitch@weizmann.ac.il
Published
2000-02-01
Pages
401-15
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
2984726R
PMCID
PMC1220771
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source PMC Full Text View journal details
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