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PMID: 10479677 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Insulin prohormone processing, distribution, and relation to metabolism in Aplysia californica.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience ·Vol. 19 ·No. 18 ·1999-09-15 ·Pages 7732-41

Floyd PD, Li L, Rubakhin SS, Sweedler JV, Horn CC, Kupfermann I, Alexeeva VY, Ellis TA, Dembrow NC, Weiss KR, Vilim FS

Abstract

The first Aplysia californica insulin gene is characterized and its proteolytic processing from prohormone to final peptides elucidated using a combination of biochemical and mass spectrometric methods. Aplysia insulin (AI) is one of the largest insulins found, with a molecular weight of 9146 Da, and an extended A chain compared with other invertebrate and vertebrate insulins. The AI prohormone produces a series of C peptides and also a unique N-terminally acetylated D peptide. AI-producing cells are restricted to the central region of the cerebral ganglia mostly within the F and C clusters, and AI is transported to neurohemal release sites located on the upper labial and anterior tentacular nerves. The expression of AI mRNA decreases when the animal is deprived of food, and injections of AI reduce hemolymph glucose levels, suggesting that the function of insulin-regulating metabolism has been conserved.

MeSH Terms
Amino Acid Sequence Animals Aplysia/genetics,metabolism Base Sequence C-Peptide/chemistry,genetics Ganglia, Invertebrate/metabolism Gene Expression Regulation Humans Immunohistochemistry Insulin/genetics Lymnaea Molecular Sequence Data Molecular Weight Neurons/metabolism Peptide Fragments/immunology Proinsulin/genetics,metabolism Protein Processing, Post-Translational Sequence Alignment Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Transcription, Genetic
Chemicals
C-Peptide Insulin Peptide Fragments Proinsulin
Authors & Affiliations
11 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Floyd P D
Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Li L
Rubakhin S S
Sweedler J V
Horn C C
Kupfermann I
Alexeeva V Y
Ellis T A
Dembrow N C
Weiss K R
Vilim F S
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Article Info
Journal
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
Abbr.
J Neurosci
ISSN
1529-2401
Published
1999-09-15
Pages
7732-41
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8102140
PMCID
PMC6782465
Subset
IM
Grants
NIMH NIH HHS · K05MH01427 · United States
NIMH NIH HHS · MH50235 · United States
NINDS NIH HHS · NS31609 · United States
External Links
PubMed source PMC Full Text View journal details
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