TNFSF11(肿瘤坏死因子配体超家族成员11,TNF superfamily member 11),也称为RANKL(核因子κB受体活化因子配体,Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Ligand),是一种由317个氨基酸组成的II型跨膜蛋白,属于肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)配体超家族。该基因位于人类13号染色体(13q14.11),其编码的蛋白可通过蛋白水解切割释放可溶性形式。RANKL的主要生物学功能是通过结合其受体RANK(位于破骨细胞前体及成熟破骨细胞表面)激活NF-κB和MAPK信号通路,从而促进破骨细胞分化、活化及存活,在骨重塑过程中起核心调控作用。该基因还参与免疫系统调节,通过影响树突状细胞存活和T细胞免疫应答。突变或功能异常会导致骨代谢疾病,如家族性扩张性骨溶解(表现为骨密度异常降低)或骨硬化症(骨密度异常增高)。与多种疾病相关,包括骨质疏松症、类风湿性关节炎、肿瘤骨转移和牙周炎等。过表达会增强破骨细胞活性导致骨质流失,而表达不足则抑制破骨细胞生成导致骨硬化。该基因属于TNF配体超家族(TNFSF),该家族成员均为II型跨膜蛋白,可通过三聚体形式与相应TNF受体家族成员结合,参与细胞凋亡、炎症和免疫调节等重要生理过程。OPG(骨保护素)是其天然诱饵受体,通过竞争性结合RANKL来负调控其活性。在肿瘤微环境中,RANKL过表达会促进转移性骨病变,而抑制RANKL已成为骨质疏松和骨转移的治疗靶点(如狄诺塞麦单抗的应用)。
This gene encodes a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) cytokine family which is a ligand for osteoprotegerin and functions as a key factor for osteoclast differentiation and activation. This protein was shown to be a dentritic cell survival factor and is involved in the regulation of T cell-dependent immune response. T cell activation was reported to induce expression of this gene and lead to an increase of osteoclastogenesis and bone loss. This protein was shown to activate antiapoptotic kinase AKT/PKB through a signaling complex involving SRC kinase and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 6, which indicated this protein may have a role in the regulation of cell apoptosis. Targeted disruption of the related gene in mice led to severe osteopetrosis and a lack of osteoclasts. The deficient mice exhibited defects in early differentiation of T and B lymphocytes, and failed to form lobulo-alveolar mammary structures during pregnancy. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
该基因编码肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)细胞因子家族,其为骨和用作用于破骨细胞的分化及活化的关键因素的配位体中的一员。这种蛋白质被证明是一个树突状细胞存活因子,并参与T细胞依赖的免疫应答的调节。 T细胞活化据报道,诱导该基因和铅的表达增加破骨细胞和骨骼的损失。这种蛋白质被证明通过一个信号复合涉及SRC激酶和肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子(TRAF)6,这表明该蛋白可能在细胞凋亡的调节作用来激活抗凋亡激酶AKT / PKB。在小鼠体内相关基因的靶向破坏导致严重的骨硬化症和缺乏破骨细胞。不足的小鼠表现出在T和B淋巴细胞的早期分化缺陷,未能在怀孕期间,以形成lobulo肺泡乳腺结构。两个可变剪接转录变异体已被发现。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
TNFSF11基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
TNFSF11基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
4064 NF-kappa B signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04064] |
4060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction [PATH:hsa04060] |
4917 Prolactin signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04917] |
4380 Osteoclast differentiation [PATH:hsa04380] |
5323 Rheumatoid arthritis [PATH:hsa05323] |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Osteopetrosis, mild autosomal recessive form | 0.44 | 1 | 1 | CLINVAR_CTD_human_MGD_UNIPROT |
Osteoporosis | 0.140984357 | 18 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
Osteopetrosis | 0.125991584 | 4 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
Alveolar Bone Loss | 0.1254487 | 3 | 0 | CTD_human_LHGDN |
Chronic Periodontitis | 0.123810118 | 6 | 2 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia | 0.122995792 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_LHGDN |
Hypercalcemia | 0.120542884 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
Infantile malignant osteopetrosis | 0.12 | 0 | 0 | ORPHANET |
Lytic lesion | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Myocarditis | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
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