SLC12A3(溶质载体家族12成员3,英文全称Solute Carrier Family 12 Member 3)属于SLC12基因家族,该家族编码的蛋白质均为电中性阳离子-氯离子共转运体(electroneutral cation-chloride cotransporters),主要负责跨膜转运钠、钾、氯等离子,参与调节细胞体积、电解质平衡和神经兴奋性。SLC12A3基因编码的蛋白质称为噻嗪类敏感钠-氯共转运体(NCC,Na-Cl cotransporter),主要表达于肾脏远曲小管(distal convoluted tubule),其功能是通过重吸收钠和氯离子来调节血压和体液平衡。当SLC12A3发生功能丧失性突变时,会导致Gitelman综合征(Gitelman syndrome),这是一种常染色体隐性遗传病,表现为低血钾、低血镁、代谢性碱中毒和低尿钙,患者常有乏力、肌肉痉挛和心律失常等症状。相反,若该基因过表达可能导致高血压,因为过多的钠和氯离子被重吸收,增加了血容量。SLC12A3的表达受多种激素调节,如醛固酮(aldosterone)和血管紧张素II(angiotensin II)可上调其表达,而某些利尿剂(如噻嗪类)则通过抑制NCC活性来降低血压。SLC12基因家族的共性在于它们均依赖氯离子进行离子转运,并在不同组织中参与电解质稳态的维持。此外,SLC12A3的突变或表达异常可能与其他电解质紊乱疾病或高血压相关,但具体机制仍需进一步研究。该基因的过表达或低表达不仅影响肾脏功能,还可能间接干扰其他离子通道或转运蛋白的活性,例如钠钾泵(Na+/K+-ATPase)或上皮钠通道(ENaC),从而引发复杂的生理或病理变化。
This gene encodes a renal thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter that is important for electrolyte homeostasis. This cotransporter mediates sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule. Mutations in this gene cause Gitelman syndrome, a disease similar to Bartter's syndrome, that is characterized by hypokalemic alkalosis combined with hypomagnesemia, low urinary calcium, and increased renin activity associated with normal blood pressure. This cotransporter is the target for thiazide diuretics that are used for treating high blood pressure. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
该基因编码一个肾噻嗪敏感钠氯化物转运是对于电解质平衡很重要。此转运介导在远曲小管钠和氯的重吸收。在该基因引起吉特曼氏综合症,类似于巴特氏综合征的疾病的突变,即特征在于低血钾性碱中毒与低镁血症,低尿钙,并与正常血压相关的增加的肾素活性相结合。这是转运为用于治疗高血压的噻嗪类利尿剂的目标。已发现该基因编码不同亚型的多个抄本变形。 [由RefSeq的,2008年7月提供]
SLC12A3基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
SLC12A3基因的本体(GO)信息:
| 名称 |
|---|
| Cation-coupled Chloride cotransporters |
| SLC-mediated transmembrane transport |
| Transmembrane transport of small molecules |
| Transport of inorganic cations/anions and amino acids/oligopeptides |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Gitelman Syndrome | 0.600220512 | 50 | 20 | BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_MGD_ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
| Hypertensive disease | 0.155533936 | 29 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
| Kidney Diseases | 0.121357209 | 6 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Vascular Diseases | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
| Diabetic Nephropathy | 0.012440176 | 7 | 1 | BeFree_GAD_LHGDN |
| Tuberous Sclerosis | 0.007057489 | 26 | 0 | BeFree |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent | 0.003995683 | 6 | 1 | BeFree_GAD |
| Paralysed | 0.00272435 | 1 | 0 | LHGDN |
| Hypocalciuria | 0.002442977 | 9 | 0 | BeFree |
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