SLC11A2(溶质载体家族11成员2,英文原名Solute Carrier Family 11 Member 2)是一种二价金属离子转运蛋白,属于SLC11/NRAMP基因家族。该家族成员具有高度保守的结构特征,主要功能是跨膜转运二价金属离子(如铁、锰、锌等),在维持体内金属离子稳态中起关键作用。SLC11A2基因编码的蛋白质(又称DMT1,二价金属转运体1)主要表达于十二指肠上皮细胞、红细胞前体细胞、肾脏和脑等组织,其核心功能是在肠道吸收膳食铁并将其转运至血液循环,同时参与细胞内铁循环和脑内铁代谢。该蛋白具有12个跨膜结构域,依赖质子梯度(H+共转运)驱动金属离子运输。SLC11A2基因突变可导致其功能异常,引发遗传性低色素性贫血(如microcytic anemia with iron deficiency 1,简称MKIA1),表现为铁吸收障碍、小细胞低色素性贫血和肝铁超载。突变类型包括错义突变(如G75R)、剪接位点突变等,这些突变会破坏蛋白质的离子结合位点或膜定位能力。该基因还与神经退行性疾病(如帕金森病)相关,因其参与脑内铁代谢调控,铁沉积异常可能促进氧化应激。当SLC11A2过表达时,可能导致组织铁超载(如肝脏和大脑),增加氧化损伤风险;而表达降低则引发缺铁性贫血和神经系统发育异常(如学习记忆障碍)。该基因受铁调节蛋白(IRP)和缺氧诱导因子(HIF)调控,与铁调素(hepcidin)通路相互作用。SLC11家族共性包括:均编码质子偶联的金属离子转运体,具有保守的跨膜拓扑结构,参与免疫防御(通过限制病原体获取必需金属)和能量代谢。目前中文术语"DMT1"存在争议,部分文献直译为"二价金属转运体1",而"SLC11A2"为国际通用命名。
This gene encodes a member of the solute carrier family 11 protein family. The product of this gene transports divalent metals and is involved in iron absorption. Mutations in this gene are associated with hypochromic microcytic anemia with iron overload. A related solute carrier family 11 protein gene is located on chromosome 2. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Apr 2010]
该基因编码的溶质载体家族11蛋白质家族的一个成员。该基因的产物输送二价金属,并且参与铁吸收。在这种基因突变与铁过载低色素性贫血相关联。一个相关的溶质载体家族11蛋白基因位于染色体2.多个转录变异体编码不同亚型也发现了这种基因。[由RefSeq的,2010年4月提供]
SLC11A2基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
SLC11A2基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
4142 Lysosome [PATH:hsa04142] |
4978 Mineral absorption [PATH:hsa04978] |
名称 |
---|
Iron uptake and transport |
Metal ion SLC transporters |
SLC-mediated transmembrane transport |
Transmembrane transport of small molecules |
Transport of glucose and other sugars, bile salts and organic acids, metal ions and amine compounds |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
ANEMIA, HYPOCHROMIC MICROCYTIC, WITH IRON OVERLOAD 1 | 0.24 | 3 | 0 | ORPHANET_UNIPROT |
Anemia, Hypochromic Microcytic, With Iron Overload | 0.24 | 0 | 3 | CLINVAR_CTD_human |
Iron deficiency anemia | 0.200814326 | 5 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_RGD |
Hemochromatosis | 0.126448592 | 8 | 0 | BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN |
Liver neoplasms | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
Brain Ischemia | 0.080271442 | 2 | 0 | BeFree_RGD |
Parkinsonian Disorders | 0.080271442 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_RGD |
Pneumonia | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
Hypochromic anemia | 0.08 | 1 | 0 | RGD |
Iron Overload | 0.013059004 | 19 | 4 | BeFree_LHGDN |
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