RPS15 (ribosomal protein S15)
- symbol:
- RPS15
- locus group:
- protein-coding gene
- location:
- 19p13.3
- gene_family:
- S ribosomal proteins
- alias symbol:
- RIG|MGC111130|S15
- alias name:
- 40S ribosomal protein S15|homolog …
- entrez id:
- 6209
- ensembl gene id:
- ENSG00000115268
- ucsc gene id:
- uc060rbb.1
- refseq accession:
- NM_001018
- hgnc_id:
- HGNC:10388
- approved reserved:
- 1992-04-16
RPS15（核糖体蛋白S15）是核糖体小亚基40S的组成蛋白之一，属于RPS基因家族（核糖体蛋白家族），该家族成员均参与核糖体组装及蛋白质翻译过程。RPS15在核糖体中直接与18S rRNA结合，维持40S亚基的结构稳定性，并协助mRNA的扫描和起始密码子识别，对蛋白质合成的起始阶段至关重要。其突变可能导致核糖体组装缺陷或功能异常，引发翻译效率下降、错误蛋白积累，甚至触发核糖体应激反应（ribosomopathy），这类疾病常表现为贫血、发育异常或癌症倾向。例如，RPS15的特定突变与慢性淋巴细胞白血病（CLL）相关，可能通过破坏p53通路促进肿瘤发生。若RPS15过表达，可能增加翻译通量，但过度激活可能引发异常细胞增殖；而低表达会减少功能性核糖体数量，导致全局蛋白质合成受阻，影响细胞生长。RPS基因家族的共性包括：高度保守性（从酵母到人类相似）、多数定位于细胞质、依赖协同调控（如与MYC癌基因共同调节翻译）。目前研究还发现RPS15与病毒感染相关，某些病毒会劫持其功能以增强自身蛋白合成。术语解释：核糖体应激反应（ribosomopathy）指核糖体功能异常触发的细胞应激状态；翻译通量（translation flux）指单位时间内蛋白质合成的总量。
Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 40S subunit. The protein belongs to the S19P family of ribosomal proteins. It is located in the cytoplasm. This gene has been found to be activated in various tumors, such as insulinomas, esophageal cancers, and colon cancers. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2015]
核糖体，催化蛋白质合成的细胞器，由一个小40S亚基和60S大亚基。一起这些亚基组成的4 RNA种类和大约80结构不同的蛋白质。该基因编码一种核糖体蛋白，它是40S亚基的一个组成部分。该蛋白属于S19P家族核糖体的蛋白质。它位于细胞质中。该基因已被发现在各种肿瘤，如胰岛素，食道癌和结肠癌被激活。作为典型编码核糖体蛋白的基因，有该基因通过基因组分散的多个经处理的假基因。选择性剪接结果在多个抄本变形。 [由RefSeq的，2015年4月提供]
基因本体信息
RPS15基因（以及对应的蛋白质）的细胞分布位置：
- 质膜
- 细胞质
- 细胞外
- 高尔基体
- 囊泡
- 细胞骨架
- 内质网
- 细胞核
- 内体
- 溶酶体
- 线粒体
RPS15基因的本体（GO）信息：
| 名称 |
|---|
| 3010 Ribosome [PATH:hsa03010] |
| 名称 |
|---|
| 3' -UTR-mediated translational regulation |
| Activation of the mRNA upon binding of the cap-binding complex and eIFs, and subsequent binding to 43S |
| Cap-dependent Translation Initiation |
| Disease |
| Eukaryotic Translation Elongation |
| Eukaryotic Translation Initiation |
| Eukaryotic Translation Termination |
| Formation of a pool of free 40S subunits |
| Formation of the ternary complex, and subsequently, the 43S complex |
| Gene Expression |
| GTP hydrolysis and joining of the 60S ribosomal subunit |
| Infectious disease |
| Influenza Infection |
| Influenza Life Cycle |
| Influenza Viral RNA Transcription and Replication |
| L13a-mediated translational silencing of Ceruloplasmin expression |
| Metabolism of proteins |
| Nonsense Mediated Decay (NMD) enhanced by the Exon Junction Complex (EJC) |
| Nonsense Mediated Decay (NMD) independent of the Exon Junction Complex (EJC) |
| Nonsense-Mediated Decay (NMD) |
| Peptide chain elongation |
| Ribosomal scanning and start codon recognition |
| SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane |
| Translation |
| Translation initiation complex formation |
| Viral mRNA Translation |
| 疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
| Disease Progression | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Stomach Neoplasms | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| HIV Infections | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
| Glioblastoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Astrocytoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Primary Glioblastoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| RNA Virus Infections | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Glioma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Neuroepithelial, Perineurial, and Schwann Cell Neoplasm | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
| Rabies (disorder) | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
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