RAD17(也称为RAD17 homolog或hRAD17)是一个重要的细胞周期检查点调控基因,属于RAD基因家族,该家族主要参与DNA损伤修复和细胞周期调控。RAD17基因编码的蛋白质是一种检查点蛋白,它在DNA损伤应答(DDR)中起关键作用,特别是在激活ATR(共济失调毛细血管扩张症和Rad3相关蛋白)信号通路时。RAD17蛋白与RFC(复制因子C)复合物类似,能够结合DNA损伤位点并招募其他检查点蛋白(如RAD9、HUS1和RAD1组成的9-1-1复合物),从而启动细胞周期阻滞以允许DNA修复。RAD17的主要作用位点包括DNA损伤位点和复制叉,它通过监测DNA完整性来确保基因组稳定性。突变或功能缺失的RAD17会导致DNA损伤修复缺陷,增加基因组不稳定性,进而可能引发癌症(如乳腺癌、卵巢癌和结直肠癌)或对放疗和化疗的敏感性改变。此外,RAD17的某些突变还与遗传性疾病(如早衰综合征)相关。如果RAD17过表达,可能增强细胞对DNA损伤的敏感性,导致过度激活的检查点反应和细胞周期停滞,甚至细胞凋亡;而降低表达则可能导致DNA损伤积累,增加突变率和肿瘤发生风险。RAD17与其他检查点蛋白(如ATR、CHK1和p53)相互作用,共同维持基因组稳定性。RAD基因家族的共性在于它们均参与DNA损伤修复和细胞周期调控,许多成员(如RAD51、RAD52)在重组修复中发挥作用,而RAD17则更侧重于检查点激活。该家族的基因通常对维持细胞稳态和防止癌变至关重要。
The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to the gene product of Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad17, a cell cycle checkpoint gene required for cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair in response to DNA damage. This protein shares strong similarity with DNA replication factor C (RFC), and can form a complex with RFCs. This protein binds to chromatin prior to DNA damage and is phosphorylated by the checkpoint kinase ATR following damage. This protein recruits the RAD1-RAD9-HUS1 checkpoint protein complex onto chromatin after DNA damage, which may be required for its phosphorylation. The phosphorylation of this protein is required for the DNA-damage-induced cell cycle G2 arrest, and is thought to be a critical early event during checkpoint signaling in DNA-damaged cells. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene, which encode four distinct protein isoforms, have been reported. Two pseudogenes, located on chromosomes 7 and 13, have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]
由该基因编码的蛋白质是高度相似裂殖酵母RAD17,响应于DNA损伤细胞周期停滞和DNA损伤修复所需的细胞周期检查点基因的基因产物。这种蛋白与DNA复制因子C(RFC)较强的相似性,并能形成的RFC复杂。该蛋白质结合之前对DNA损伤染色质,并通过以下损坏检查点激酶ATR磷酸化。这种蛋白募集的DNA损伤,这可能需要它的磷酸化后RAD1-RAD9-HUS1关卡蛋白复合物上的染色质。该蛋白质的磷酸化是必需的DNA损伤诱导的细胞周期G2期阻滞,并且被认为是在DNA的受损细胞的检查点信号中一个关键的早期事件。 ,已经报道了这个基因的多个可变剪接转录物变体,其编码四种不同的蛋白质同种型。两个假,位于染色体7和13,也已确定。 [由RefSeq的,2013年7月提供]
RAD17基因(以及对应的蛋白质)的细胞分布位置:
RAD17基因的本体(GO)信息:
名称 |
---|
Activation of ATR in response to replication stress |
Cell Cycle |
Cell Cycle Checkpoints |
G2/M Checkpoints |
疾病名称 | 关系值 | NofPmids | NofSnps | 来源 |
Malignant neoplasm of breast | 0.002909916 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_GAD |
Breast Carcinoma | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
Malignant neoplasm of lung | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
Secondary malignant neoplasm of lymph node | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma | 0.000542884 | 2 | 0 | BeFree |
Lung Neoplasms | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
Lip and Oral Cavity Carcinoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
Carcinogenesis | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
Seminoma | 0.000271442 | 1 | 0 | BeFree |
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